人教版丨八年级下册英语7单元知识点总结

1、人教版丨八年级下册英语7单元知识Unit7 What s the highest mountain in the world?【重点单词：】square skwe ?（r） n.平方，正方形，广场meter ?mi:t ? n.米deep di:p adj. 深的desert ?dez?t n.沙漠population ?p?pju ?ei ?n n.人口（数量），全体居民Asia 宅？?？ n.亚洲feel free （可以）随便（做某事）tour tu ? n.旅行，观光wall w ?:l n.墙amazing ?me 題? adj.令人惊异的ancient ?e?n?nt adj. 古

2、代的，古老的protect pr ?tekt v. 保护wide wa ?d adj.宽的，广阔的as far as I know就我所知achieve ?t?:v v.完成，实现achievement ?t?:vm ?nt n.成就，成绩southwestern sa ? 0west ?n adj.西南的，西南方向的 thick B的adj.厚的，浓的include ?n?klu:d v.包括，包含freezing ?fri:z ? adj.极冷的，冷冻的condition k ?n?d?b n.条件，状况take in 吸入，吞入succeed s ?k?si:d v.成功，实现目标，完成

3、challenge ?t?l ?nd? n. & v. 挑战，考验in the face of 面对(问题，困难)force f ?:s n.力，力量nature ne ?t?(r) n.自然界，大自然ocean ? ?n n.海洋 the Pacific Ocean 太平洋cm(centimeter) ?sent ?mi:t ? n.厘米weigh wei v. 称 重量birth b ?: 0 n.出生，诞生at birth 出生时up to到达(某数量，程度)，不多于adult ?d?lt n.成年人bamboo b?m ?bu: n.竹子endangered ?n?de?nd?d ad

4、j.有危险的，濒临灭绝的，濒危的research r ?s?:t? n. & v. 研究，调查keeper ?ki:p?(r) n.饲养员，保管人awake ?we ?k adj.醒着excitement ?sa?tm ?nt n.激动，兴奋walk into 走路时撞到fall over 绊倒illness ?n?s n.疾病，生病 remaining r ?me ?n? adj.遗留的，剩余的or so 大约artwork ?a:tw?:k n.艺术品，插图，图片wild wa ?ld adj.野性的，野生的government ?g?v?nm ?nt n. 政府whale we ? n.

5、鲸protection pr ?tek ?1 n.保护，保卫huge hju:d ? adj.巨大的，极多的dynasty ?d?n?st?| n.朝代，王朝base be ?s n.基础，基地【重点词组】1. the population of Chi na 中国的人口2. one of the oldest coun tries最古老的国家之一3. feel free to do sth. 随意地做某事4. as far as I know据我所知 as you can see,.正如你所看见的，5. man-made objects 人造物体6. part of 的组成部分 Badal

6、ing is part of Mi ng Great Wall.7. moun ta in climbi ng/ climbi ng mountains登山运动8. live up to 活到9. higher tha n any other moun tai n比其他任何一座山高10. of all the salt lakes在所有的咸水湖中11. run alo ng绵延，横亘12. an other 200 or so还有大约 200 左右13,one of the world s most dangerous sports最危险的运动之一14,one of the most popu

7、lar places最受欢迎的地方之一15,of all the mou ntai ns所有的山之中16, freez ing weather con diti ons冰冻的天气条件17, risk their lives冒着他们的生命危险18, challe nge on eself挑战自我 challe nge ourselves19, in the face of difficulties面临困难20, take in air呼吸空气21. the first people to do sth.第一个做某事的人 the first people to reach the top22. g

8、ive up doi ng sth.放弃做某事23. achieve one s dream 实现某人的梦想 =make one s dream come true24. the forces of n ature 自然界的力量25. reach the top 到达顶峰26. even though 虽然;尽管27. at birth 在出生的时候28. be awake 醒着29. run over with exciteme nt兴奋地跑过去30. walk into sb.撞到某人 die from 死于31. fall over 被绊倒 fall over the chair被椅子绊

9、倒、32. take care of 照顾;照料33. every two years 每两年34. cut dow n the forests砍伐林木35. endan gered ani mals濒危动物50 , in the remaining forests在剩下的森林里37. be in dan ger处于危险之中38. the importa nee of sav ing these ani mals拯救这些动物的重要性39,wild animals野生动物sea life海洋生物40 ,rules on whale proteetion保护鲸的规定（on 关于）41.water

10、polluti on水污染,42only live for a short time beeause of ill nesses由于疾病仅活很短的时间43,make more homes for the pan das为大熊猫建造更多的家园43. sta nd on two legs两腿站立为肉，脂肪和油而捕鲸停止往大海里丢垃圾44, eateh whales for meat, fat and oil45, stop putt ing rubbish into the sea46, jump high out of the water 高高地跃出水面47 , protect from 保护免

11、于 的伤害 protect ehildren from eatehinga eold.保护孩子免于感冒 48 , bamboo forests 竹林49 , panda keeper 熊猫饲养员51 , the highest moun tai n in the world (Qomola ngma)世界上最高的山52 , the biggest desert in the world (the Sahara) 世界上最大的沙漠53 , the Iongest river in the world (the Nile)世界上最长的河54 , the deepest of all the sal

12、t lakes (the Caspian Sea)所有咸水湖中最深的湖【重点句型】1. It is -adj. + (fo r sb. ) to do sth.It is also very hard to take in air as you get n ear the top.当你接近山顶时,连呼吸都会困难。2. . is because. One of the main reas ons is because people want tochallenge themselves in the face of difficulties.其中的一个主要的原因是人们想要在面临困难时挑战自己。3

13、 . . . . show(s) that. The spirit of these climbers shows us that we shouldn ever give up trying to achieve our dreams.这些登山者的精神向我们证明：我们永远都不应 该放弃实现自己的梦想4, 表达事物的长，宽，高，深? sth. /sb.+be+ 数量+单位+形容词long, wide,tall, deep。如,The river is 2 meters deep. Qomolangma is 8,844.43 meters high.Ion g-le ngth （n.长度）wi

14、de-width （n.宽度）deep-depth（ n.深度）high-height（ n.高度）the len gth/depth/ width/height/size of sth.的长度，深度，宽度，高度，面积5, 问事物的高，深，宽，长? How high/ deep/tall/ wide/ long/ is . ?问重量用 How heavy be+sth,/sb.?How high is Qomola ngma?What is the height of Qomola ngma?珠穆朗玛峰有多高？How heavy are you? What is the weight of y

15、ou?I am 50 kilos. My weight is 50 kilos.这让它成了世界上最长的墙【必备句型】1. This makes it the Ion gest wall in the world.2. The main reason was to protect their part of the country.主要原因是为了保卫他们部分的国土 .3. As far as I know, there are no man-make objects as big as this.就我所知,世界上没有和这个一样大的人造工程.4. The Himalayas run along t

16、he southwestern part of Chi na.喜马拉雅横卧在中国的东南部.5. Of all the mountains, Qomolangma rises the highest.所有的山之中，珠穆郞玛耸立得最高.6. Thick clouds cover the top and snow can fall very hard.厚厚的去覆盖着山顶，雪也可能下得很猛.7. It is also very hard to take in air as you get n ear the top. (as = whe n)当你接近山顶的时候，呼吸也非常的困难.8. No ocea

17、n in the world is as big as the Pacific Ocea n.世界上没有海洋和太平洋一样大.9. This elepha nt weighs many times more tha n this pan da.这头大象的重量比这头熊猫重许多倍.10. When the babies see the keepers, they run over with excitement andsome of them eve n walk into their frie nds and fall over!当宝宝们看至 U饲养员的时候，他们就兴奋地跑过来，有些还因看不清而撞

18、上他们的伙伴，并且摔倒了 .11. I take care of them like they re my own babies. 我照料他们就象他们是我自己的宝宝一样.12. I wash, feed and play with them every day.我每天都洗他们，喂他们并且和他们一起玩.13. Pan das do not have many babies, maybe only one every two years.熊猫不能生很多宝宝，也许每两年才一只.14，Adult pan das spe nd more tha n 12 hours a day eat ing abou

19、t 10 kilosof bamboo.成年熊猫每天花超过12h吃10kg竹子.14. The Chin ese gover nment is also pla nting more bamboo trees sothere will be more forests for pan das to live in.中国政府也正在种植更多的竹子以便于熊猫有更多的竹林可以生活.15. We all hope that in the future there will be a lot more pan das tha nnow.我们都希望，未来比现在有更多的熊猫.【语法讲解】1, freez ing

20、 weather con diti ons,极冷的天气状况。 con diti on 条件.状况，可数名词;但，in good/bad condition.不可数2, Yu Gong put the earth an d st one from the mou ntai n into the see.stone,石料，岩石不可数。石块，可数。Don t throw stones3, risk their lives.冒着生命危险。risk, n/v. 作名词，take risks/ a risk to dosth.冒风险去做at risk在危险中。risk sth. to do sth.冒风险

21、去做 They risk their lives to climbmountains.4, The mai n reas on was to protect their part of country.主要原因是去保护他们国家的部分领土。不定式to protect做be 的表语，表目的。the first people to reach the top, 不定式做 people 的后置定语。第一个至U达山顶的人。5, The first Chinese team did so in 1960, while the first woman to succeedwas Junko Tabei.1)

22、 while,此处是“而，然而，”轻微对比。不是“当时候”,用在句中，前面 有逗号。2) succeed. V. 成功 succeed in doing sth. He succeeded in finishing thework.success n.“成功”不可数， Con fide nee is the key to success.自信是成功的关键。success n.“成功的人，物”He is a great success. 他是一个很成功的人。successful, adj.成功的， successfully,成功地6, We should never give up trying

23、 to achieve our dreams. give up doingsth.7, There are now fewer tha n 2,000 pan das livi ng in the remai ning forests.现在不到2000只熊猫生活在剩下的竹林里。There be + do ing“有正在做” There are some stude nts play ingsoccer on the playgroud.8, Adult pan das spe nd more tha n12 hours a day eat ing 10 kilos of bamboo.Bamb

24、oo 做“竹子做的食物”或“竹子制品”不可数，bamboo chair;但做植物讲时可数。1) sb. spe nd + time/ money + on sth. / in doing sth.2) sb. pay +mo ney +for sth.某人为某物支付多少钱3) It takes sb + time+ to do sth.花费某人多长时间做4) sth + cost +money某物值多少钱。The book costs ten dollars.9, prepare 用法， v,准备 n. preparation make preparation(s) for为做准备prepar

25、e是一动词，意为准备。其用法相当灵活，现归纳如下：1) . prepare sth.准备,宾语是所准备的内容，直接接准备对象。如:Mother was preparing dinner in the kitchen.妈妈在厨房准备饭菜。2) . prepare to do sth.准备做某事，如：He is preparing to go on a trip. 他正准备去旅行。After tak ing out a piece of paper, he prepared to write to his pare nts.他拿出纸，准备给父母写信。3) . prepare for sth. 是为

26、做准备,for 是准备的目的。如：prepare for a testHope for the best and prepare for the worst.抱最好的希望，做最坏的准备。4) . prepare sth. for sth/sb.为准备某物，如:Please prepare the table forthe dinner.请摆好桌子吃饭。You must prepare a room for the guest.你必须为客人准备一个房间。5) . prepare sb. for sth.使某人对进行准备，如:We have to prepare the stude nts for

27、 that work step by step.我们要为学生进行这项工作一步步做好准备。10, Why do some of them have to be protected?为什么他们中的一些要被保护？protect v, protectfrom 保护免受危险。Protect the pan das fromdying from ill ness.11, Canada is a lot less crowded than Chi na.加拿大不及中国拥挤很多。less+adj+tha n 不及比较： Joseph is less hon est tha n his brother. 约瑟夫

28、不像他兄弟那样诚实。less than （中间不加任何词 ）“少于” There are less than 30 girls in my class.我们班不足30个女生。more than （ 中间不加任何词）“超过，多于，相当于 over ” There are more than30 girls in my class. 我们班有超过30个女生。形容词副词比较级和最高级。（一）形容词比较级的用法1. 形容词的比较级可以单独使用：Be more careful next time. 下次小心点。Which book is better?哪本书更好？2. 也可以和than连用，表示两者相比

29、，than后可以跟：a. 名词或代词： He is older than me / I .他年龄比我大。b. 动名词：Skiing is more exciting than skating.滑雪比滑冰更刺激。c. 从句： I was a better sin ger tha n he was.我唱歌比他好。（三）形容词比较级的修饰语修饰形容词，副词比较级的常用修饰词有：no, a little, a bit, much, even, still, a lot, any 等.只用于修饰比较级的：much; still; eve n在否定句，疑问句或条件状语从句中，修饰形容词，副词的比较级，只能

30、用any来修饰.He cant jump any higher.他不能跳得更高了 . Can he jump any higher? 他能跳得更高一些吗？Do you feel any better today?你今天感觉好一点了吗？If you can jump any higher, I will give you a prize.女口果你能跳得更高些，我就奖励你注意：比较级前还可加其他表示数量的词：My sister is ten years youn ger tha n me.我妹妹比我小十岁。句型 1 : as+ 形容词原形 +as This jacket is as beautif

31、ul as that one.句型2. not as+形容词原形+as或not so+形容词原形+as “前者不及/不如后者This school is not as beautiful as that one.表达前者不如后者还可以用：less +原级+tha n This school is less beautifulthan that one 。句型3 : 1）表示“是的几倍时” 倍数+as原级asThis garde n is ten times as large as that one。这个花园是那个的九倍大。倍数的表达： once ; twice ; three times; f

32、our times2）表示“比多几倍” 倍数+比较级+than .His garde n is 9 times larger tha n that one.他的花园比那个大九倍。句型4 :比较级+than any other+单数名词“比其他的任何一个 ” He is tallerthan any other boy in his class.比较级 +than （all）the othe叶复数名词“比其他的.” He is taller than theother boys in his class.句型 5 : the + 比较级 +of the two （the twins.）“两个中较

33、.” Amy is theshorter of the two girls.句型6 :（单音节）比较级+ and +比较级”（多音节）“ more and more + 原级”，越来越better and better fatter and fatter more and more beautiful句型7 : the 比较级+句子，the 比较级+句子 越，越。The harderyou study, the better grades you will get.（三）最高级的使用（三者或三者以上）形容词的最高级要加定冠词the ,副词最高级可省略the,句型1 : the+最高级+ of

34、/ina. in表示“在内（指某范围内）”可以跟表示单位，组织，时间等单数名词.My mother is the busiest in my familyb. of表示属性（指在同类的人，物中）后可接Jim works hardest of us all. Of the mountains , this is the highest.句型2 : One of+the+ 最高级+名词复数 “最的之一”One of the most importa nt Ian guages is En glish.最重要的语言之一是英语。句型3 the+序数词+最高级+单数名词+in短语“在中是第几个”The

35、Yellow River is the sec ond Ion gest river in Chi na.1.比较级中为了避免重复，常用 on e/that/those 替代名词。往往指与前面同 类而不是同一个的事物。This pen is shorter tha n that one. The weather here is much hotter tha nthat of Sha nghai.The cars made in Tianjin is much more popular than those in Shanghai.一、形容词的比较等级和最高等级：（一 ）形容词的比较级和最高级

36、的构成规则变化:1.单音节词和少数双音节词的比较级和最高级的构成单音节词加词尾-er，-est来构成比较级和最高级。tall（高的）taller tallestgreat（巨大的）greater greatest以不发音的e结尾的单音节词只加-r,-stni ce（好的）ni cer ni cestlarge（大的）larger largestable （有能力的）abler ablester, -est（3）以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节单音节词，双写结尾的辅音字母，再加big（大的）bigger biggesthot 热的）hotter hottestred 红色的 redder reddes

37、t（4）以辅音字母+y结尾的双音节词，改y为i，再加-er，-esteasy（容易的）easier easiest busy（忙的）busier busiest以ly结尾的副词，除 early-earlier-earliest ,其他都是加 more most.Slowly-more slowly-most slowlyBravely-more bravely-most bravelyquickly-more quickly-most quickly少数以-er , -ow结尾的双音节词未尾加-er , -estclever（聪明的） cleverer cleverestnarrow（窄的）narrower narrowest（7）其他双音节词和多音节词在前面加more ,most来构成比较级和最高级。如:important（ 重要的）more important most importanteasily（容易地）more easily most easilyuseful more useful most usefuldifficult m