2013高考全国新课标I卷英语解析版

1、2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(新课标I卷)第二部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节单项填空(共15小题；每小题4分，满分15分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。21Why，thisisnothingbutcommonvegetablesoup!，madam.Itsoursoupoftheday.ALetmeseeBSoitisCDontmentionitDNeitherdoI答案B解析考查情景交际。句意为：怎么只是普通的蔬菜汤啊！的确如此，夫人。这是我们今天的例汤。Soitis表示“确实如此”，符合语境。Letmesee让我来看看；Dontmenti

2、onit别提了；NeitherdoI我也不。22Theymightjusthaveaplaceonthewritingcoursewhydontyougiveitatry?AleaveBleftCleavingDtoleave答案B解析考查非谓语动词作后置定语。句意为：写作课上还有一个名额，你为何不去试试呢？havesth.left表示“有留下、余下”。23Trynottocoughmorethanyoucansinceitmaycauseproblemstoyourlungs.AcheckBallowCstopDhelp答案D解析考查动词辨析。句意为：尽量不要咳嗽除非忍不住，因为那样会给你的

3、肺带来问题。canhelp忍得住。check核查；allow允许；stop停止。24Ifwenowtoprotecttheenvironment，welllivetoregretit.AhadntactedBhaventactedCdontactDwontact答案C解析考查条件状语从句中动词的时态。根据“主将从现”原则，主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时，C项正确。句意为：如果我们现在不着手保护环境，以后将会后悔。25Tonycanhardlyboilanegg，stillcookdinner.AlessBlittleCmuchDmore答案A解析考查副词比较级。句意为：Tony几乎连鸡蛋都不会

4、煮，更不必说做晚餐了。句中hardly提示Tony不会做饭，still后跟比较级用来加强语气，此处表示“更不必说”。26Policehavefoundappearstobethelostancientstatue.AwhichBwhereChowDwhat答案D解析考查宾语从句引导词的辨析。句意为：警察发现了疑似曾失窃的古老雕像。分析句子结构可知found后为宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，因此用what引导宾语从句，同时作从句中的主语。27WhenIfirstmetBryanIdidntlikehim，butImymind.AhavechangedBchangeChadchangedDwouldc

5、hange答案A解析考查现在完成时。句意为：当我初识Bryan时我不是很喜欢他，但是现在我改变了看法。前半句叙述过去的事实，用一般过去时；后半句描述的是发生在说话之前的动作对现在造成的影响，符合现在完成时的特点。28Thedriverwantedtoparkhiscarneartheroadsidebutwasaskedbythepolice.AnottodoBnottoCnotdoDdonot答案B解析考查不定式的否定及省略。句意为：司机想把车停在路边，但是警察提醒他不可以。句中bythepolice为干扰部分，可以去掉，句式为asksb.todosth.的被动语态的否定形式。A选项后加it

6、也正确。29Thedooropen，nomatterhowhardshepushed.AshouldntBcouldntCwouldntDmightnt答案C解析考查情态动词。句意为：不管她怎么推，门还是打不开。shouldnt不应该；couldnt主观的不能；wouldnt不会；mightnt可能不。30AtthelastmomentTomdecidedtoanewcharactertomakethestoryseemmorelikely.AputupBputinCputonDputoff答案B解析考查动词短语辨析。句意为：在最后关头，Tom决定添加一个新的角色以使故事感觉更真实。putup

7、举起，建立，提出，使升高；putin放入，把写进(信函、故事等)；puton穿上；putoff下车，脱掉，推迟。31Indiaattainedindependencein1947，afterlongstruggle.A/；aBthe；aCan；/Dan；the答案A解析考查冠词用法。句意为：印度在长期抗争后，于1947年获得独立。attainindependence获得独立，是零冠词用法；afteralongstruggle经过一段长时间的抗争，用不定冠词a表示数量。32Theresnowayofknowingwhyonemanmakesanimportantdiscoveryanotherm

8、an，alsointelligent，fails.AsinceBifCasDwhile答案D解析考查状语从句引导词的辨析。句意为：我们无从知晓为何一个人会有重大发现而另一个似乎同样聪慧的人却做不到。while意为“然而”，表示转折，与前一事物形成对比。33“Youcantjudgeabookbyitscover，”AasthesayinggoesoldBgoesastheoldsayingCastheoldsayinggoesDgoesasoldthesaying答案C解析考查非限制性定语从句的语序。句意为：常言道，人不可貌相。as引导非限制性定语从句，表示“正如”，不用倒装。34Itwasa

9、realracetimetogettheprojectdone.Luckily，wemadeit.Aover BbyCforDagainst答案D解析考查介词辨析。句意为：完成这项任务真是一场与时间的赛跑，值得庆幸的是，我们做到了。与时间赛跑，显然是对抗，用against。35Thesunlightiswhiteandblinding，hard­edgedshadowsontheground.AthrowingBbeingthrownCtothrowDtobethrown答案A解析考查非谓语动词。句意为：阳光明亮刺眼，在地上投下轮廓分明的影子。C项不定式表将来或目的，与语境不符，故逗

10、号后面用doing形式作伴随状语；逻辑主语thesunlight和throw之间是主动关系，排除B、D两项。第二节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Iwenttoagroupactivity，“SensitivitySunday”，whichwastomakeusmore36theproblemsfacedbydisabledpeople.Wewereaskedto“37adisability”forseveralhoursoneSunday.Somemembers，38，choseto

11、usewheelchairs.Othersworesound­blockingearplugs(耳塞) orblindfolds(眼罩)Justsittinginthewheelchairwasa39experience.Ihadneverconsideredbeforehow40itwouldbetouseone.AssoonasIsatdown，my41madethechairbegintoroll.Itswheelswerenot42.ThenIwonderedwheretoputmy43.Ittookmequiteawhiletogetthemetalfootrestinto

12、44.Itookmyfirstuneasylookatwhatwastobemyonlymeansof45forseveralhours.Fordisabledpeople，“adoptingawheelchair”isnotatemporary(临时的)46.Itriedtofinda47positionandthoughtitmightberestful，48kindofnice，tobe49aroundforawhile.Lookingaround，I50Iwouldhavetohandlethethingmyself！MyhandsstartedtoacheasI51theheavym

13、etalwheels.Icametoknowthatcontrollingthe52ofthewheelchairwasnotgoingtobea(n)53task.Mywheelchairexperimentwassoon54.Itmadeadeepimpressiononme.Afewhoursof“disability”gavemeonlyatasteofthe55，bothphysicalandmental，thatdisabledpeoplemustovercome.36A.curiousaboutBinterestedinCawareofDcarefulwith答案C解析考查形容词

14、短语辨析。句意为：“SensitivitySunday”活动的目的是让我们了解残疾人所面对的问题。makesb.awareof使某人意识到；curiousabout对好奇。37A.cureBpreventCadopt Danalyze答案C解析考查动词辨析。句意为：一个周日，我们被要求用残疾人的方式生活几个小时。adopt采用，符合语境。cure治疗；prevent防止；analyze分析。38A.insteadBstrangelyCasusualDlikeme答案D解析句意为：有些人像我一样选择了轮椅。根据下文可知作者选择了坐轮椅的方式来体验残疾人的生活。39A.learningBworki

15、ngCsatisfyingDrelaxing答案D解析考查形容词辨析。句意为：仅坐在轮椅上是一种令人感到放松的体验。relaxing令人感到放松的；satisfying令人感到满意的。40A.convenientBawkwardCboringDexciting答案B解析考查形容词。句意为：我以前从来没有意识到操作轮椅是多么笨拙的事情。awkward笨拙的，不方便的；convenient方便的；boring烦人的。41A.heightBforceCskillDweight答案D解析考查名词辨析。句意为：我刚一坐上去，自身的重量使得轮椅动起来了。weight重量；height高度；force(武力

16、)力量；skill技巧。42A.lockedBrepairedCpoweredDgrasped答案A解析考查动词辨析。句意为：轮子没有上锁(轮椅都有锁止功能)。(were) locked上锁；(were) repaired被修理；(were) powered被驱动；(were) grasped被抓住。43A.handsBfeetCkeysDhandles答案B解析句意为：我不知道该把脚放在哪里。根据下句中footrest(搁脚板)可知答案。44A.placeBactionCplayDeffect答案A解析考查固定短语。句意为：我花了好长时间才把金属的搁脚板弄好。oplace

17、把放到合适的位置；action行动；effect影响，效果。45A.operationBcommunicationCtransportation Dproduction答案C解析考查名词辨析。句意为：我开始不安地看着我接下来几个小时内唯一的交通工具。transportation运输工具，此处指轮椅；operation操作，手术；communication交流；production产品。46A.explorationBeducationCexperimentDentertainment答案C解析考查名词辨析。句意为：对于残疾人来说，用轮椅却不是一个临时性的试验。语境为：作者在体验残疾人使用轮椅的

18、生活，而残疾人却要一直都使用轮椅。experiment试验；exploration勘探；education教育；entertainment娱乐。47A.flexibleBsafeCstarting Dcomfortable答案D解析考查形容词辨析。句意为：我想找一个舒服的地方。comfortable舒适的；根据句中restful(宁静的，安静的)一词可知答案。flexible灵活的；safe安全的。48A.yetBjustCstill Deven答案D解析考查副词。句意为：甚至是被推着到处走走也好。语境为：作者想让别人推着自己走。even表示意义递进由自己找个舒服的地方到找个人推着自己走。49

19、A.shownBpushedCdrivenDguided答案B解析考查动词辨析。解析参见上题。bepushed被推着；beshown被带领着参观；bedriven被驱赶；beguided被引导。50A.realizedBsuggestedCagreedDadmitted答案A解析考查动词辨析。句意为：环顾四周，我意识到我只能靠自己应对这一切了。realize意识到；suggest建议，暗示；agree同意；admit承认。51A.liftedBturnedCpressedDseized答案B解析考查动词。句意为：因为要转动(turn)沉重的轮子我的手也开始疼痛起来了。lift举起；press按

20、，压；seize逮住，抓住。52A.pathBpositionCdirectionDway答案C解析考查名词辨析。句意为：我开始意识到控制轮椅的方向可不是件容易的事。direction方向；path道路；position位置；way方式。53A.easyBheavyCmajorDextra答案A解析考查形容词辨析。句意参见上题。heavy沉重的；major主要的；extra额外的。54A.forgottenBrepeatedCconductedDfinished答案D解析考查动词辨析。句意为：我的体验很快就结束了。由下一句可知(was)forgotten被遗忘，不符合句意；(was)repea

21、ted被重复；(was)conducted被管理，不符合语境。55A.weaknessesBchallengesCanxietiesDillnesses答案B解析考查名词辨析。句意为：几个小时的“残疾”生活只是给了我体验身心被挑战的滋味，而这是残疾人不得不克服的。语境为：作者体验残疾人的生活是一种挑战。challenge挑战；weakness弱点，劣势；anxiety担心；illness疾病。第三部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。ASomepeoplewilldojustabout

22、anythingtosavemoney.AndIamoneofthem.Takemyfamilyslastvacation.Itwasmysix­year­oldsonswinterbreakfromschool，andwewereheadinghomefromFortLauderdaleafteraweeklongtrip.Theflightwasoverbooked，andDelta，theairline，offeredus$400perpersonincreditstogiveupourseatsandleavethenextday.IhadmeetingsinNew

23、York，soIhadtogetback.Butthatdidntmeanmyhusbandandmysoncouldntstay.Itookmynine­month­oldandtookoffforhome.Thenextday，myhusbandandsonwereofferedmorecreditstotakeanevenlaterflight.Yes，Iencouragedokay，orderedthemtowaititoutattheairportto“earn”moreDeltaDollars.Ourtotaltake：$1,600.Notbad，huh?Now

24、somepeoplemaythinkImabadmotherandnotsuchagreatwifeeither.Butasabig­timebargainhunter，Iknowthevalueofadollar.Andthesedays，agooddealissomethingfewofuscanaffordtopassup.Ivemadealivinglookingforthebestdealsandexposing(揭露) theworsttricks.IhavebeentheconsumerreporterofNBCsTodayshowforoveradecade.Ihav

25、ewrittenacoupleofbooksincludingonetitledTricksoftheTrade：AConsumerSurvivalGuide.AndIreallydowhatIbelievein.Itellyouthisbecausethereisnoshameingettingyourmoneysworth.Imalsotightfistedwhenitcomestoshoes，clothesformychildren，andexpensiverestaurants.ButIwouldnthesitatetospendonagoodhaircut.Itkeepsitssha

26、pelonger，anditsthefirstthingpeoplenotice.AndIwillalsospendonaclassicpieceoffurniture.Qualitylasts.56WhydidDeltagivetheauthorsfamilycredits?ATheytookalaterflight.BTheyhadearlybookings.CTheirflighthadbeendelayed.DTheirflighthadbeencancelled.答案A解析细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“.giveupourseatsandleavethenextday.”可知答案。5

27、7Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthor?ASherarelymissesagooddeal.BSheseldommakesacompromise.CSheisverystrictwithherchildren.DSheisinterestedincheapproducts.答案A解析推理判断题。根据文章第三段中“Butasabig­timebargainhunter, Iknowthevalueofadollar.Andthesedays, agooddealissomethingfewofuscanaffordtopassup.”可知作者自称是一个一流的杀价者，

28、并且说一笔好的交易是很少有人能够拒绝的，因此作者不会错过一笔好买卖的，答案为A项。58Whatdoestheauthordo?AShesateacher.BShesahousewife.CShes a media person.DShesabusinesswoman.答案C解析细节理解题。根据文章第四段第二句“IhavebeentheconsumerreporterofNBCsTodayshowforoveradecade.”可知作者是一位媒体工作者。59Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellus?AHowtoexposebadtricks.BHowtoreserveairli

29、neseats.CHowtospendmoneywisely.DHowtomakeabusinessdeal.答案C解析写作意图题。文章最后一段讲述了如何明智地花钱，即如何让钱花得更值得，故答案为C项。BThebabyisjustonedayoldandhasnotyetlefthospital.Sheisquietbutalert(警觉)Twentycentimetersfromherfaceresearchershaveplacedawhitecardwithtwoblackspotsonit.Shestaresatitcarefully.Aresearcherremovesthecard

30、andreplacesitbyanother，thistimewiththespotsdifferentlyspaced.Asthecardschangefromonetotheother，hergaze(凝视) startstoloseitsfocusuntilathird，withthreeblackspots，ispresented.Hergazereturns：shelooksatitfortwiceaslongasshedidatthepreviouscard.Canshetellthatthenumbertwoisdifferentfromthree，just24hoursafte

31、rcomingintotheworld?Ordonewbornssimplyprefermoretofewer？Thesameexperiment，butwiththreespotsshownbeforetwo，showsthesamereturnofinterestwhenthenumberofspotschanges.Perhapsitisjustthenewness？Whenslightlyolderbabieswereshowncardswithpicturesofobjects (acomb，akey，anorangeandsoon)，changingthenumberofobjec

32、tshadaneffectseparatefromchangingtheobjectsthemselves.Coulditbethepatternthattwothingsmake，asopposedtothree？Noagain.Babiespaidmoreattentiontosquaresmovingrandomlyonascreenwhentheirnumberchangedfromtwotothree，orthreetotwo.Theeffectevencrossesbetweensenses.Babieswhowererepeatedlyshowntwospotsbecamemor

33、eexcitedwhentheythenheardthreedrumbeatsthanwhentheyheardjusttwo；likewise(同样地) whentheresearchersstartedwithdrumbeatsandmovedtospots.60TheexperimentdescribedinParagraph1isrelatedtothebabys.AsenseofhearingBsenseofsightCsenseoftouchDsenseofsmell答案B解析推理判断题。根据文章第一段可知，刚刚出生的孩子对于两个和三个斑点的卡片反应不同，可知是对孩子视觉的测验。6

34、1Babiesaresensitivetothechangein.AthesizeofcardsBthecolourofpicturesCtheshapeofpatternsDthenumberofobjects答案D解析细节理解题。参见上题解析。62Whydidtheresearcherstestthebabieswithdrumbeats?AToreducethedifficultyoftheexperiment.BToseehowbabiesrecognizesounds.CTocarrytheirexperimentfurther.DTokeepthebabiesinterest.答案

35、C解析推理判断题。根据文章最后一段第八句“Theeffectevencrossesbetweensenses.”可知，研究人员在移动不同数量的斑点的同时，加入鼓声，以进一步验证孩子的反应，故答案为C项。63Wheredoesthistextprobablycomefrom?ASciencefiction.BChildrensliterature.CAnadvertisement.DAsciencereport.答案D解析推理判断题。通读全文可知本文是一篇科学报道。sciencefiction科幻小说；childrensliterature儿童文学；anadvertisement广告。CItha

36、ppenedtomerecently.IwastellingsomeonehowmuchIhadenjoyedreadingBarackObamasDreamsFromMyFatherandhowithadchangedmyviewsofourPresident.AfriendIwastalkingtoagreedwithmethatitwas，inhiswords，“abrilliantly(精彩地) writtenbook”However，hethenwentontotalkaboutMr.Obamainawaywhichsuggestedhehadnoideaofhisbackgroun

37、datall.IsensedthatIwastalkingtoabookliar.Anditseemsthatmyfriendisnottheonlyone.Approximatelytwothirdsofpeoplehaveliedaboutreadingabookwhichtheyhavent.IntheWorldBookDays“ReportonGuiltySecrets”，DreamsFromMyFatherisatnumber9.Thereportliststenbooks，andvariousauthors，whichpeoplehaveliedaboutreading，andas

38、Imnotonetolietoooften (Idhatetobecaughtout)，IlladmithereandnowthatIhaventreadtheentiretopten.ButIampleasedtosaythat，unlike42percentofpeople，Ihavereadthebookatnumberone，GeorgeOrwells1984.Ithinkitsreallybrilliant.TheWorldBookDayreportalsohassomeotherinterestinginformationinit.Itsaysthatmanypeoplelieab

39、outhavingreadJaneAusten，CharlesDickens，FyodorDostoevsky (Ihaventreadhim，buthaventliedaboutiteither) andHermanMelville.Askedwhytheylied，themostcommonreasonwasto“impress”someonetheywerespeakingto.Thiscouldbetrickyiftheconversationbecamemorein­depth!Butwhenaskedwhichauthorstheyactuallyenjoy，people

40、namedJK.Rowling，JohnGrisham，SophieKinsella (ah，thebigsellers，inotherwords)Forty­twopercentofpeopleaskedadmittedtheyturnedtothebackofthebooktoreadtheendbeforefinishingthestory (Illcomeclean：Idothisandamastonishedthat58percentsaidtheyhadneverdoneso)64Howdidtheauthorfindhisfriendabookliar?AByjudgi

41、nghismannerofspeaking.BBylookingintohisbackground.CBymentioningafamousname.DBydiscussingthebookitself.答案D解析推理判断题。根据文章第一段的最后两句“However, hethenwentontotalkabourMr.Obamainawaywhichsuggestedhehadnoideaofhisbackgroundatall.IsensedthatIwastalkingtoabookliar.”可以推断出通过讨论这本书的内容作者进而发现朋友在撒谎，故选D。其中，选项A在文中没有体现；选项

42、B偷梁换柱，利用文中出现的his(Mr.Obama) background来迷惑考生；选项C看似在文中首段第二、三句有所体现，但它并不能很好地回答题干所提出的问题，答非所问，故排除。65Whichofthefollowingisa“guiltysecret”accordingtotheWorldBookDayreport?ACharlesDickensisverylowonthetop­tenlist.B42%ofpeoplepretendedtohaveread1984.CTheauthoradmittedhavingread9books.DDreamsFromMyFatheris

43、hardlyread.答案B解析细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后两句“ButIampleasedtosaythat, unlike42percentofpeople, Ihavereadthebookatnumberone, GeorgeOrwells1984.Ithinkitsreallybrilliant.”可知答案。选项A和D提到的细节在文中是有出现，但是选项的内容无法从文章中得出结论；选项C的信息作者在本文没有叙述。66Bylyingaboutreading，apersonhopesto.AcontroltheconversationBappearknowledgeableClearna

44、boutthebookDmakemorefriends答案B解析推理判断题。根据文章第四段第一句“Askedwhytheylied, themostcommonreasonwastoimpresssomeonetheywerespeakingto.”可知答案为B项。67Whatistheauthorsattitudeto58%ofreaders?AFavorable.BUncaring.CDoubtful.DFriendly.答案C解析作者态度题。结合文章大意，以及文中最后出现的“.amastonishedthat58percentsaidtheyhadneverdoneso”可知，作者对58

45、%ofreaders持怀疑态度，故C项(怀疑的)符合文意。选项B(不予关注的)，显然错误，作者若不予以关注就不会写出这篇文章。DTheNationalGalleryDescription：TheNationalGalleryistheBritishnationalartmuseumbuiltonthenorthsideofTrafalgarSquareinLondon.Ithousesadiversecollectionofmorethan2,300examplesofEuropeanartrangingfrom13th­centuryreligiouspaintingstomore

46、modernonesbyRenoirandVanGogh.TheoldercollectionsofthegalleryarereachedthroughthemainentrancewhilethemoremodernworksintheEastWingaremosteasilyreachedfromTrafalgarSquarebyagroundfloorentrance.Layout：ThemodernSainsburyWingonthewesternsideofthebuildinghouses13th­to15th­centurypaintings，andarti

47、stsincludeDuccio，Uccello，VanEyck，Lippi，Mantegna，BotticelliandMemling.ThemainWestWinghouses16th­centurypaintings，andartistsincludeLeonardodaVinci，Cranach，Michelangelo，Raphael，Bruegel，Bronzino，TitianandVeronese.TheNorthWinghouses17th­centurypaintings，andartistsincludeCaravaggio，Rubens，Poussi

48、n，VanDyck，Velazquez，ClaudeandVermeer.TheEastWinghouses18th­toearly20th­centurypaintings，andartistsincludeCanaletto，Goya，Turner，Constable，RenoirandVanGogh.OpeningHours：TheGalleryisopeneverydayfrom10amto6pm(Fridays10amto9pm) andisfree，butchargesapplytosomespecialexhibitions.GettingThere：Near

49、estundergroundstations：CharingCross (2­minutewalk)，LeicesterSquare (3­minutewalk)，Embankment(7­minutewalk)，andPiccadillyCircus (8­minutewalk)68Inwhichcenturyscollectioncanyouseereligiouspaintings?AThe13th.BThe17th.CThe18th.DThe20th.答案A解析细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“.13th­centuryreligiousp

50、aintings.”可知答案。69WhereareLeonardodaVincisworksshown?AIntheEastWing.BInthemainWestWing.CIntheSainsburyWing.DIntheNorthWing.答案B解析细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“ThemainWestWinghouses16th­centurypaintings, andartistsincludeLeonardodaVinci.”可知答案为B项。70WhichundergroundstationisclosesttotheNationalGallery?APiccadillyC

51、ircus.BLeicesterSquare.CEmbankment.DCharingCross.答案D解析细节理解题。根据文章最后一段，比较A项PiccadillyCircus(8­minutewalk)，B项LeicesterSquare (3­minutewalk)，C项Embankment (7­minutewalk)和D项CharingCross (2­minutewalk)可知，到达NationalGallery所需时间由长到短依次排序为A>C>B>D，故正确答案为D项。第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容

52、，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Businessistheorganizedapproachtoprovidingcustomerswiththegoodsandservicestheywant.Thewordbusinessalsoreferstoanorganizationthatprovidesthesegoodsandservices.Mostbusinessesseektomakeaprofit(利润)thatis，theyaimtoachieveincomethatismorethanthecostsofoperatingthebusiness

53、.71Commonlycallednonprofits，theseorganizationsareprimarilynongovernmentalserviceproviders.72Businessmanagementisatermusedtodescribethetechniquesofplanning，direction，andcontroloftheoperationsofabusiness.73Oneistheestablishment(制定)ofbroadbasicpolicieswithrespecttoproduction；sales；thepurchaseofequipment，materialsandsupplies；andaccounting.74Thethirdrel