初中英语数词讲解和练习

1、初一英语表示数目多少或顺序多少的词叫数词，数词分为基数词和序数词。表示数目多少的数词叫基 数词;表示顺序的数词叫序数词。一、基数词用于表示事物数量的回，叫基数词。如：two bridges 两座桥，twenty soldiers 2g战士。(1)从 1 至 I 12 是独立的数词: one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve。(2)从 13 至I 19:在个位数后-teen。thirteen, fifteen,eighteen, nineteen(3)从 20 到 90 的各整十位数都以-t

2、y 结尾。twenty, thirty,fifty, eighty, ninety(4)20到100之间的其余应两位数，要在十位和个位之间加连字符号-“'otwenty-five, thirty-two,ninety-eight(5)百位以上的数词，要在百位和十位(没有十位则和个位)之间加and。101: one hundred and one258: two hundred and fifty-eight(6)英语中的数词每 3位数一个单位hundred, thousand千，million百万，billon十亿从个位向前，每三位加一个；”；第一个；”号前是thousand仟)，第二

3、个；'"前是million(百 万)。4, 002： four thousand and two7, 059: seven thousand and fifty nine95, 680: ninety five thousand, six hundred and eighty(7) hundred, thousand, millionth法hundred, thousand, million任何具体数字之前，都要用单数形式。但如果其后有of,则要 用复数形式(其前面不能再加具体数目)。例如：two million 200万millions of 数百万 thousands o

4、f成千上万2 .基数词的_读法用逗号把长数字从右向左三位三位地分开，如12, 000.读数时，从左向右三位三位地按照三位数读法读，遇上逗号就分别加上该逗号所表示的数词之例如：43, 982, 567forty-there millon, nine hundred and eighty-two thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven3 .基数词与名词连用表示编号。Lesson Eight 第八课 Class One, Grade Three 三年级 班 Room 102No.4 Middle School 四中 38 Changan Street 长安街 3

5、8 号 Bus No.10 10 路公共 汽车P.O.Box 325 325 号信箱 Tel. No. 6850,3258 电话号码：6850, 3258 数词复数表示年龄和年代、月份和日期。注意：年代是四位数时，各分成二位来读：19 98年：读作：nineteen ninety eight日期按序数词读：7月10日读作July tentho表示年代或人的不确切岁数，用几十的复数形式in the 1960s二十世纪六十年代in one '数祠复数在某人几十多岁in the forties 在 40年代 The old man is now in his eightie这位老人现在已经

6、80多岁了。表示年、月、日in 1992 在 1992 年；in June, 1966 在 1966 年 6 月；on July 28, 1978基数词用于表示时间。表示时间有两种方法：表示 几点过几分”，30分钟之内用介词past。八点十分ten past eight九点 亥|J a quarter past nine 12 ： 30 half past twelve表示 几点差几分”，30分钟之内(不包括30分整)，用介词to。(7 : 50) ten to eight (8 ： 45) a quarter to nine (12 : 50) ten to one也可以按照时刻表直接读数字

7、。二点四十 two forty 五点半 five thirty 七点 刻 seven fifteen8+4=12Eight plus(and) four is twelve.15-9=6Fifteen minus nine is (leaves) six.7 >9=63Seven times nine is sixty three.304=5Thirty divided by six is five.二、序数词表示数目的顺序或事物的位置的辿，叫作序数词。1 .序数词的形式从第一到第三为独立白勺特殊形式first, second, third.从第 4到第 19 以基数词加 “th构成：f

8、ourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth tenth, eleventh, twelfth, thirteenth, fourteenth fifteenth, sixteenth, seventeenth, eighteenth, nineteenth第20以上的电印数词从20到90等以ty结尾十位整数，把y改成i再加 “eth?J成序数词 twentieth, thirtieth, fortieth, fiftieth, sixtieth, seventieth, eightieth, ninetieth100的序数词为：hundredth。其

9、余处位或多位数，只将个位改成序数词，其余仍用基数词表示：twenty-first, thirty-second, forty third two hundred and ninth-eighth(H 298)fifth, ninth, twelfth与原基数词拼写不同。序数词恸写形式为阿拉伯数字加序数词最后两个字母组成。122nd(第 122), 38th(第 38), 281st(® 281)2983rd(第 2983), 1320th(第 1320)基变一口诀基变序，有规律，词尾要加th 。一二三，特殊记，词尾分别 tddo八去t ,九去e。五和十二ve要用f替。整十数y尾变ie

10、,再加th莫忘记。若遇几十几，只变个位就可以。2 .序数词的川法(1)序数词可以表示日期。It's September the first today.今天是 9月 1 日。(2)序数词可以表示编号。the twelfth lesson (=Lesson12|十二课 the second paragaph (=Paragraph Two)第二段the fourth Middle School (=No.4 Middle School)第四中学the thirty eighth room(=Room 38)第 38 号房间 the tenth page (Page 10)三、数词应特定表

11、示法和读法(1)分数表示法分数的构成分数处成为分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子如果大于1,则分母序数词一般都用复数形式。1/2： a (one) half,1/3: a (one) third, 1/4： a quarter2/5: two fifths, 3/4： three quarters带分数的整数和分数之间须用 and连接31 : three and a half 5-读作 five and a quarter24注意：表示某一整体也L分之几”，使用：分数+of+the+名词。(2)小数表示法小数只能用基数词表示。其中小数点读作point,零读作zero；小数点之后按数字依次读出；整

12、数部分为零时，可以省略不读。0.9: zero point nine 或 point nine 3.58: three point five eight(3)百分数表示法% 读作 per cent 18% : eighteen per cent 0.6% : zero point six per cent99.9: ninety nine point nine per cent 0.05% : 0 point 0 five per cent注意：数词与表示单位的名词一起使用作定语时，单位名词必须用单数。二十英镑的纸币： a twenty pound note(4)算式的次示方法加法 加”用pl

13、us, and或add表示； 等于"用is, make, equal等词表示.1+2= ?可表示为：How much is one plus two展加二等于多少？1+2=3 One plus two is three. One and two is equal to three. One and two make three.One added to two equals three. If we add one to/and two, we get three.减法 减 用 minus或take from 表示。9-3= ? How much is nine minus thre

14、e?%减三等于多少？9-3=6 Nine minus three is six. Take three from nine and the remainder is six.Three(taken) from nine is six.乘法 乘”用time (动词)或 multiply表示。2 X3=? How much is two times three? 二乘以三等于多少？2 X3=6 二乘以三等于六。Two times three is/are six. Multiply two by three, we get six.Two multiplied three makes six. 除

15、法 除”用divide的过去分词形式表示15H3=? How much is fifteen divided by three?十五除以三等于多少？153=5 Fifteen divided by three is five. Fifteen divided by three equals/gives/makes five. 其他算式的写法和读法比例、乘方、开方等算式的遨法1: 2 读作 the ratio of one to two15: 3 读作 The ratio of fifteen to three equals five.32 读作 three squared(5)数词前加ever

16、y表示每/每隔every ten days =every ninth day每十天(每隔九天)注:every +8数词+复数名词=every + (序数词-1) +单数名词(6)多少又一半”的表达法：数t+ and + a half +名词复数 =基数词+名词(单数/复数)+and +a halfhalf an hour 半小时 two and a half hours = two hours and a half习题巩固()1. Please turn to.A. Page 11 B. the 11 st page C. page 11 D. page the 11 th( )2. At n

17、ight we can see stars in the sky.A. thousands and thousands of B. thousand and thousands ofC. a thousand and thousands D. thousand and thousand( )3. There are some in our classroom.A. hundred of booksB. the hundreds of booksC. hundreds of booksD. hundred of book( )4. I have been to the village. A. a

18、 hundred timeB. hundred times C. hundreds of times D. hundred of times()5. There are students in our school.A. fourhundred and fort广 fiveB. four hundred and forty-fiveC. four hundreds and fortk fiveD. four hundred and forty five()6. The teacher toldme to go over lessons. A. thirstthreeD. the three f

19、irst C. three the firstD. the first three()7. May is of ayear.A. the fifth monthsE. the fifth month C. the five months D. the five month()8. We live in.A. the twenty-first centuryB. the century twenty-oneF. century twenty-oneD. the century twenty-first( )9. He said he was going to be free in.A. one and a half hourB. one hour and halfC. one and half hoursD. an hour and a half( )10. -How many English books are there on the table?-There is only English book on it.A. a B. an C. one D. the()11. Mr Smith stayed in last night.A. Room 403 B. the Room 403 C. the 403 room D. 403 the room( )12. The r