被动语态讲解及练习(附答案)

1、学习好资料欢迎下载初中被动语态讲解及配套练习一、主动语态与被动语态的概念：英语动词的语态有两种：主动语态：表示 主语是动作的执行者被动语态：表示 主语是动作的承受者（常常没在有必要指出动作的执行者情况下使用）例：They speak English.（主动语态）主 谓 宾En glishis spoke nby them.（被动语态）主谓介词短语注：及物动词有被动语态，不及物动词必须带有介词才可以有被动语态。例： We listen to the teacher carefully in class.主 谓宾The teacher is listened to by us carefully

2、in class.主谓介词短语W e laughed at him . He was laughed at by us.二、被动语态的结构与用法：结构：be +done过去分词）被动语态中的be为助动词，无意义。be可能是am , is , are也可能是was ,were或原形be。注：被动语态的时态是由be的时态决定的，be是什么时态，全句就是什么时态，be 后面的过去分词不变。用法：例：H istory is made by the people. 一般现在时） T he cars were made in Tianjing in 1995. 一般过去时）学习好资料欢迎下载 The tr

3、ee will be cut down next year.一般将来时） T he room must be kept clean.（含有情态动词的被动语态） The door is being ope ned. （现在进行时） The film has bee n see n by me.（现在完成时）注：我们初中主要掌握前面四种的用法时态动词的被动形式例句般现在时is doneHe is asked to do this.一般过去时was doneThe story was told by her mother.般将来时will be doneThe problem will be dis

4、cussed tomorrow.现在进行时is being doneThe novel is being written.过去进行时was being doneAt that time the desk was being made.现在完成时has bee n doneThe house has bee n built.过去完成时had bee n doneThey said that their work had bee n fini shed.过去将来时would be doneHe said the trees would be pla nted soon.三、被动语态的各种句型：1、

5、T he song is liked by young people.肯定句）2、T he song isn t liked by young people （否定句）3、Is the song liked by young people ?（一般疑问句）4、Who is the song liked by ?=By whom is the song liked?（特殊疑问句）四、主动语态改被动语态的方法：方法分为三步：把原句中的 宾语改成主语动词改为变动形式be done同时注意时态）原来的主语如果需要的话放在介词by后面，以指明做事的人或物，如果没有必要则省去例：The man kille

6、d a tiger.f A tiger was killed by the man .（改的过程中要注意时态和语态两个方面 ）五、特殊句型的被动语态：含有 使役动词（make /let /have） 或感官动词（hear ,see, listen to ,look at find ,watch,feel 等）的句子，在主动语态中这些词后 常跟不带to的动词不定式，但是在改成被动语态时， 则一定要把省去的to再加上去，另外help这一个词在主动语态中后面的动词不定式可以 带to,也可不带to,但在被动语态中也必须把to加上去。例： Mother ofte n makesme do some ho

7、usework.f I am ofte n made to do some housework by mother. We saw him run into the classroom.f He was see n torun into the classroom by us.teach ,give ,pass ,show ,buy, tell等动词常常带有两个宾语（双宾语：直接宾语和间接宾 语），改为被动语态时，两个宾语可以选其中任一个作主语。 如果直接宾语被提前作主语， 那么间接宾语（一般是人）前要加相应的介词 to/for。例： S he gave me a pen.二 She gave

8、 a pen to me.f I was give n a pen by her.f A pen was give n to me by her. My father bought me a new bike.= My father bought a new bike for me.f I was bought a new bike by my father.f A new bike was bought for me by my father.由不及物动词（vi） +介词/副词+宾语的句子改成被动语态时，介词或副词不能丢掉（前面已举过两例）例：W e should speak to old

9、people politely.Old people should be spoke n to politely ( by us). He took away the box.The box was take n away by him.含有宾语补足语的句子改为变动语态。(宾补放在原来位置不变)例： We call him Xiao Ma.主 谓 宾 宾补H e is called Xiao Ma by us. He found the book very in teresti ng.六、The book was foun dvery in terest ing by him.1. 没有被动语

10、态的词，表示状态或特征的及物动词如cost, fit, have, suit等没有被动形式，另外，诸如happen = take place, break out爆发），break down（坏了）等不及物动词或 短语以及诸如result from（缘于），belong to, consist of等只用主动语态，而不用被动语态 2不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态：appear, die ,disappear, end （vi.结束）,fail, last, lie, rema in, sit, spread （传播），sta nd, come true, fall asleep, .3 .大多

11、数系动词：be , feel （摸起来），sou nd听起来），look（看起来），smell（闻起来）taste （尝起来）等词无被动语态，它们的主动形式表示被动意义。例：T he skirt feels very soft.这件裙子摸起来很柔软。 Many cha nges have happe ned in our hometow n. The film lasted for 3 hours.被动语态配套练习 一、单项选择。()1. One or two man-made satellitesin our country every year.A. have been sent up B

12、. will be sent up C. is sent up D. are sent up()2. Our TV setyesterday.A. is repaired B. was repaired C. had bee n repaired D. would be repaired()3. A new buildi ngin our school n ext year.A. will be built B. is built C. is being built D. has bee n built()4. Many books on scie neesince I went to col

13、lege.A. were bought B. have bee n bought C, will be bought D. are bought()5. A won derful En glish talkby Mr Liu tomorrow.A. has bee n give nB. is give nC. is being give nD. will be give n()6. Howthe Great Pyramid 金字塔)many years ago without moder n mach ines.A. is built B. would be built C. have bee

14、n built D. was built()Food and clothesby wome n.A is ofte n talk aboutB. are ofte n talkedC. are ofte n talked about D. ofte n talked about()8.the workyet ?A. is finished B. Will be finishedC. Has been finishedD. Would be finished()9.Such filmsby childre n like you.A. must be not see nB. must not be

15、 seeC. must not see nD. must not be see n()10.Treesin win ter but in spri ng.A. not can be pla ntedB. can be not pla ntedC. can ' t be plantedD. can not be plant()11.This ki nd of carsin Japa n ten years ago.A. can only be made B. could only madeC. be could only made D. could only be made()12.Ja

16、ck ofte n does things foolishly, so hesometimesby others.A. is laughedB. is laughed atC. was laughedD. has been laughed at()13.The bearto the zoo tomorrow morning.A. may be send B. may is sent C. may be sent D. is may sent()14. In the past ten year, a lot of new buildingsin our city.A. are put upB.

17、have put upC. have bee n putD. have bee n put up)15. Such filmsby childre n like you.A. must be not see nB. must not be seeC. must not see nD. must not be see n二、用所给动词的正确时态和语态填空。1. Some top stude nts(send) to study in foreig n coun tries once a year.2. More and more schools(build) here later.3. Wher

18、e are the apples? I thi nk they(eat) by those boys.4. Ma ny new things(invent) in the last ten years.5. All the shoes(sell) out last week.6. How longthe book(can keep)?7. Tom(hide) his shoes behi nd the tree. So they(not find) easily.8. The babies here(take) good care of every day.9. We(ope n) the b

19、ox and two new coats(see) in it.10. His new no vel(fini sh) n ext week.三根据短文意思填空En glish (be) very widely(use). It(speak) by people in En gla nd, the Un ited States,Australia, and many other coun tries. It(be) one of the work ing Ian guages at intern ati onal meet in gs.Most intern ati onal bus in ess letters(write) in En glish. And quite a few books and mag