初三中考英语阅读理解专题之主旨大意题解题技巧讲义教案(含练习答案)

1、学员编号：年 级：课时数:学员姓名：辅导科目：英语学科教师：授课类型C中考冲刺（阅读理解之主旨大意解题技巧）星 级教学目标1 .分辨主旨题的类型。2 .掌握主旨题相关的答题技巧，并能灵活应用到题目当中。C中考冲刺（阅读理解之主旨大意解题技巧）忘蠢| 一、3E廊开门（建议2-5分钟）A Private ConversationLast week I went to the theatre. I had a very good seat. The play was very interesting. I did not enjoy it. A young man and a young woman

2、 were sitting behind me. They were talking loudly. I got very angry. I could not hear the actors. I turned round. I looked at the man and the woman angrily. They did not pay any attention. In the end, I could not bear it. I turned round again. 'I can't hear a word!' I said angrily.'I

3、t's none of your business,' the young man said rudely. 'This is a private conversation!'Questions:1. Tell me the title of this short passage?2. Tell me the main idea of this short passage3. What does this passage imply?Keys:Title : A Private ConversationThe main idea: The writer was

4、annoyed by a young man and a young woman who was talking at cinema Imply: The young man and young woman misunderstood the writer 批注： 本部分导入目的是为了让学生搞清title/main idea/imply 之间的区别，以便于“夺宝奇兵”部分的讲解Title: An identifying name given to a book, play, film, musical composition, or other work/A general or descri

5、ptive heading, as of a book chapter.Main idea: the main contents of the passage, a book, play, film, musical composition, or other work Imply: to impress or state indirectly加5寺宝寺兵士三（建议20-25分钟）I、选择最恰当的标题（to choose the best title）想象一下，你的中文作文如何拟定一个标题？工1.概括文章的主要内容（13 年崇明）What was school like in ancient

6、times? In Greece, 2,500 years ago, students used to get up at dawn to go to school. Classes began very early and ended when it was dark. Students didn ' rest on the weekends. They had classes seven days a week, so they didn' t have much time for anything else. In Athens, only the sons of ric

7、h peoplto school, and they started school around the age of seven. After they learned to read and write, they used to study Greek poems and historical works. Music was very important, and physical training was also important. Teachers used to hit students who didn ' t pay attention or were lazy.

8、 Girls stayed at home with their motherseamded how to do housework in the home.In ancient Rome, boys and girls from wealthy families received a bilingual （双语）education. They had to study Greek and Latin. Students usually had classes outside, if the weather was good, or in the teacher . Young student

9、s sat on the floor. Older students used to sit on benches, higher up. That' s how " high school ”Education was very important to the ancient Aztecs of Mexico. Boys and girls used to attend school, but they were kept in different classes. They learned Aztec history, myths, and rituals, but t

10、hey memorized。己住）everything because there weren ' t any textbooks. The boys received intensive military training, and the girls learned how to manage the home and the family. There were two kinds of schools: one for children of rich families and another for children of ordinary families.79. Whic

11、h of the following might be the best title for this passage?A） Schools in Ancient TimesB） Greek Poems and MusicC） Bilingual Education in RomeD） Schools in Ancient MexicoTell me the main idea of every paragraph ：The first paragraph:The second paragraph:The third paragraph:批注：答案：AThe first paragraph:

12、What was school like in ancient times?The second paragraph： In ancient Rome, boys and girls from wealthy families received a bilingual （双语）education.The third paragraph: Education was very important to the ancient Aztecs of Mexico.本部分虽然有所介绍，但是所占篇幅比较少。本部分主要是教会学生从总结文章各段主要内容方面，去选择最适合的标题，标题一定是能概括文章大意，不是

13、只说 明某一段的内容的，比如例题中的D选项，只说明了第三段的内容。如果学生觉得选项难以取舍，也可让学生对比各部分内容的篇幅来决定。$2.对于文章想表达寓意的升华（杨浦 13 年一模） Daniel Olin was 11 years old when his parents moved to Canada. He liked his new school and made friends there, but then things at home started to change. His mum and dad began to argue and the arguments got w

14、orse and worse until one day, Daniel's mum left. With his father working long hours, Daniel felt very lonely and very unhappy. He wanted to escape, to run away. And that's what he did.Very early one terribly cold morning when the snow was deep on the ground, he packed a bag with some clothes

15、, some chocolate and a map of Canada and set off to a forest. He ran and ran until he could hardly breathe. His feet were heavy with the snow but he still walked on through deep snow, not even watching where he was going.Then, disaster struck. A rock hidden by the deep snow caught his feet and Danie

16、l fell to the ground. He had broken the bone. He was very cold and was starting to feel tired, but he knew that if he fell asleep in the snow, he would certainly die from the cold.A tree shook ahead. From within the branches （树枝）,a pair of yellow eyes watched Daniel. The puma had been following him.

17、 A puma is a large wild cat with claws that could tear Daniel into pieces. But instead of moving in for the kill, the puma walked up to Daniel and lay across his chest, arms and legs. Daniel was too frightened to move, but soon the warmth of the animal reached Daniel and he began to feel better. Fro

18、m time to time, the puma pressed his muzzle （口鼻）against Daniel and rocked his head gently. Clearly, the puma knew that Daniel must not fall asleep. This animal should have been a real danger to Daniel and yet the boy began to feel safe.They remained like that for several hours until Daniel and the p

19、uma heard voices. The rescue （援救）team had found them.79. What is the best title for the story?A） Puma in dangerB） A caring pumaC） Rescue of a boyD） A homeless boy9假设法：如果拿到任意一个标题，你会怎么写呢?A:B:C:D:批注：很多学生会误选 C,可是让学生去假设，如果他接到一个标题是rescue of a boy的文章会怎么写呢？ 一定写的是怎么样去营救，最后男孩如何获救的过程。而本篇文章目的是为了要读者去体会到寓意，是人与动物之

20、间的感情， 动物对人的关怀，所以在选标题时，要注意，如果没有合乎文章内容概括的选项，我们就要注意体会文章所表达的寓 意，再去选择正确的答案。本题答案 BI、从文章中可知（ What's the main idea of the passage?）（13 年嘉定一模） Shopping used to mean actually going to shops, but nowadays, you can shop without even leaving your house. Just sit in front of your computer, click your mouse an

21、d your things will be sent to your house in a couple of days.November 11th is a big day for people who like shopping online. On that day last year, many online stores offered a big discount and free delivery service. The biggest online shopping sites in China, T. and T., sold things worth 19.1 billi

22、on yuan in total.“Goods online are often much cheaper. It also saves me a lot of time. And we often have moregoods on many online stores than in shopping malls, “ Wang Xin, an online shopping lover in Beijing, said to China Daily. She stayed up very late for a lot of cheap goods online. She spent se

23、veral thousand on what she bought that day.Another big advantage of online shopping is that it helps people get things from different cities, even different countries, with ease （轻松地）."I like eating duck neck verymuch and I often buy it on Taobao from shops in Wuhan. Itmuch more delicious than

24、what our local （当地的）stores sell, but cheaper, “ said Zang Xin, a girl in Yangzhou.While enjoying online shopping, many people also have worries, especially for middle school student buyers. Young students are easily attracted by advertisements on the Internet and buy things they don' t“Middle sc

25、hool students should pay more attention to their study. Searching for things wastes their time,Chunling, an education expert."In addition, online shop owners have no idea of the ages of their buyers. Anyoeasily buy things that they want to. Some of goods are even bad for young students such as

26、cigarettes and wine.ne cai79. The article is mainly about.A. how to buy good products online.B. how to find good online stores.C. advantages and disadvantages of online shopping. D. dangers of shopping online for students.批注：和选title不同的是，相对于 title的短小精炼来说，main idea通常是一个句子，如果出现the article is mainlyabou

27、t 问的内容一定是文章中已经交待过的，而且能够概括文章主要内容的选项，不能选某一段的内容，或者寓意升华的内容。答案：C承也 II、从文章中可知（What do you know about the passage/the XXX paragraph?）（松江区 13 年一模）They crossed in front of me as I was driving out of the store parking lot. I would be delayed for a whole ten seconds. However, I realized that it was an elderly

28、couple. No more anger.The man leaned on his wife who walked in front of him. He not only used her for support but it was obvious that he was blind. She was his eyes as well. The two of them worked as one - each needing the other to function （起作用）in this fast-changing world.That little example of tru

29、e strength that day changed my whole personal perception of life. Suddenly I wasn 't so mad about having to work a few extra hours on Saturday. I had my strength, and I was still relatively young.That picture of those two elderly people walking with dignity (尊严、自尊)and strength stayed with me the

30、 entire week. My life wasn 't so bad after all. I had my health and a good job. My wife always gave me good advice whenever I needed it. I started to think - not only was I lucky to have it all, but so was that wonderful old couple, who, despite the trials and sufferings of a long life, still ha

31、d the love and support of each other to carry them through this world.There are so many people out there just like that couple. My wife and I sometimes picture ourselves in our old age, walking arm-in-arm into the sunset. That image always gives us a warm feeling of comfort. Just remember, none of u

32、s would be here if it wasn't for our elders. We should spend an extra minute to listen and learn when it comes to helping our elder friends. They need it.77. From the fourth paragraph, we can learn that.A) the writer once decided to change his jobB) the writer's wife gave him lots of support

33、C) old people are more likely to get impatient with othersD) it is a bad thing to live a long life full of hardships79. What do we know about the writer according to the passage?A) He and his wife are in their old age.C) His life is very bad actually.B) He has a good but busy job.D) He and his wife

34、often walk arm-in-arm.批注:(1)(2)(3)Andrew Engel was puzzled. He was sitting in class, but had no idea what the other students were talking about. He had done his homework, paid attention to lectures, and taken notes, but nothing wasfamiliar.Everyone is so mueverer than I am, “he thought. It was a str

35、ange feeling, as he waalways a good student in high school.He felt even more puzzled a few days later. He got lost on his way to his favourite cinema. What' s worse, he began having trouble finding the right words when speaking. He asked,aVhat答案：BBWhat do you know about/learn aboutWhat does the

36、passage imply?What does the writer want to tell us?这三种提问方法，都是对文章内容和寓意的提问，所不同的是，是对文章内容的深入理解，不能只回答文章交代的东选项中出现了 "This story may happen in西，一定要在此基础上有所分析。就比如：如果文章介绍说一个袋鼠的故事,Australia. ”这样的选项就是一个分析后的结论，因为只有澳大利亚有袋鼠。（建议5-10分钟）dinner, Mom?” after he had just eaten. Poor Andrew, he was only 15!His parent

37、s were worried and took Andrew to see a doctor. A brain scan (扫描)made it clear: Andrew had amalignant brain tumor （恶性脑肿瘤）.It was pressing on the part of the brain that makes new memory. He should be operated on as soon as possible. Andrew wasscared!Doctors removed the tumor, but Andrew' s memory

38、 was stilwpoiotoldeie would probably never go back toschool. Andrew was eagerto enter a university, but it seemed that his dream wouldn' t come true.I wa“Even though they told me this, I knew I wanted to go back to school,“ Andrew said.back.”Andrew began by auditing （旁听）an English class at a nea

39、rby school. In class, he took notes carefully and read his notes several times a day, then typed them again and again. He studied twelve hours a day, seven days a week. He worke ten times harder than other students. In 2007, at age 29, he graduated from a local university. Six months later, Andrew f

40、ound a job.80. Which of the following is the best title of the article?A） A man with an amazing brainB） An unusual story of memory lost and foundC） How to improve your memoryD） Never lose your memoryDo you have a mobile phone? Do you send text messages to your friends and family?Text messaging or te

41、xting 'is becoming very popular. But, scientists have discovered that texting can give us problems with our hands. Be careful! Too much texting can cause swelling （肿 胀）in our thumbs and wrists. Our thumbs are not made for pushing small buttons, over and over. Scientists call this problem RSI.We

42、spoke to a doctor called Harriet Wilson, who treats many patients with RSI. She said we needed to see how much time we were spending in typing text messages. If we are spending more than 10-15 minutes at once, we could have problems in the future.hadWe also talked with Dr Harjeet Deepa who treats RS

43、I patients. He told us that the youngest patient she had treated was a five-year-old girl. She wasn ' t doing well at school, so her parents took her for treatment. It was found that she such bad RSI in her hands, she couldn' t hold a pencil.As mobile phones develop, they are getting smaller

44、 with buttons closer together. Texting with a smaller phone is worse than using a larger phone with bigger buttons. Using a computer keyboard and playing video games can also cause the same problem. So, more and more people could find themselves with RSI.Many university students and teenagers have R

45、SI, as they do not know the risks （冒险）of spending so much time using computers, video games and mobile phones. If we don 't do something about this, too many young people could grow up in terrible pain.79. From the passage we knowA） it is better to use a larger phone with bigger buttonsB） it is

46、worse to spend less time typing the text messagesC）川 never cause theRSID) university students who have RSI know it's dangerous to do too much texting.There! 1 have drawn the chairs into the right corners, and dusted the room nicely. How cold mum and daddy will be when they return from their long

47、 ride! It is not time to toast the bread yet, and I am tired of reading.What shall I do? Somehow, I can't help thinking about the pale face of that little beggar girl all the time. I can see the glad light filling her eyes, just as obvious as I did when I laid the dime ( 角硬币 )in her little dirty hand.How much I had thought of that dime, too! Grandfather gave it to me a whole month ago, and I had kept it ever since in my red box upstairs; but those sugar app