AIX umount,新建,缩小,扩大,文件系统及系统打补丁

1、AIX umount，新建，缩小，扩大，文件系统及系统打补丁如果一个文件系统打开了一个文件，那么必须在卸载之前将该文件关闭。例如：# umount /homeumount: 0506-349 Cannot unmount /dev/hd1: The requested resource is busy.如果显示umount busy用如下命令# fuser -x -c /home/home: 11630# ps

2、60;-fp 11630UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMDguest 11630 14992 0 16:44:51 pts/1 0:00 -sh# kill -1 11630# umount /home或者终止使用给定文件系统的所有进程：fuser -k -x -u -c /homefuser -kxuc&

3、#160;/homefuser 指令用途使用文件或文件结构识别进程。语法fuser  -c | -d | -f   -k   -u   -x   -V 文件 .描述此 fuser 命令列出了本地进程的进程号，那些本地进程使用File 参数指定的本地或远程文件。对于阻塞特别设备，此命令列出了使用该设备上任何文件的进程。每个进程号后面都跟随一个字母，该字母指示进

4、程如何使用文件。c 将此文件作为当前目录使用。 e 将此文件作为程序的可执行对象使用。 r 将此文件作为根目录使用。 s 将此文件作为共享库（或其它可装载对象）使用。 进程号被写入标准输出（在进程号之间有空格的行中）。一个换行符被写入标准错误（在每个文件操作数的最后一个输出之后）。其他所有输出被写入标准错误。此 fuser 命令不会检测有 mmap 区域的进程，其中相关的文件描述符已从此被关闭。标志-c 包含 File的文件系统中关于任何打开的文件的报告。

5、 -d 暗示使用了 -c 和 -x 标志。关于任何与文件系统（自父目录删除的）无链接的打开文件的报告。当与 -V 标志一起使用时，它也会报告被删除文件的节点号和大小。 -f 仅对文件的打开实例报告。 -k 将 SIGKILL 信号发送到每个本地进程。仅有 root 用户能终止另一用户的进程。 -u 为进程号后圆括号中的本地进程提供登录名。 -V 提供详细输出。 -x 与

6、0;-c 或 -f 连用，报告除标准 fuser 输出以外的可执行的和可载入的对象。 示例要列出使用 /etc/passwd 文件的本地进程的进程号，请输入： fuser /etc/passwd要列出使用 /etc/filesystems 文件的进程的进程号和用户登录名，请输入： fuser -u /etc/filesystems要终止使用给定文件系统的所有进程，请输入： fuser -k -x -u

7、60;-c /dev/hd1 或者 fuser -kxuc /home任一命令都列出了进程号和用户名，然后终止每个正在使用 /dev/hd1 (/home) 文件系统的进程。仅有 root 用户能终止属于另一用户的进程。如果您正在试图卸下 /dev/hd1 文件系统，而一个正在访问 /dev/hd1 文件系统的进程不允许这样，您可能希望使用此命令。要列出正在使用已从给定文件系统删除的文件的全部进程，请输入： fuser -d 

8、/usr文件/dev/kmem 用于系统映像。 /dev/mem 也用于系统映像。我的实验笔记卸载/pp01# umount /pp01umount: 0506-349 Cannot unmount /dev/ppp: The requested resource is busy.# umount -f /pp01umount: 0506-349 Cannot unmount /dev/ppp: The requested resource is busy.# df -kFilesystem 1024-blocks Free %Used Iused %Iused

9、Mounted on/dev/hd4 983040 483600 51% 4782 5% /dev/hd2 4194304 2473280 42% 37476 7% /usr/dev/hd9var 2097152 1902280 10% 5462 2% /var/dev/hd3 4194304 3906704 7% 471 1% /tmp/dev/hd1 4194304 4035912 4% 126 1% /home/proc - - - - - /proc/dev/hd10opt 1048576 960992 9% 1951 1% /opt/dev/ppp 327680 327232 1%

10、3 1% /pp01# lsvg -l rootvgrootvg:LV NAME TYPE LPs PPs PVs LV STATE MOUNT POINThd5 boot 1 1 1 closed/syncd N/Ahd6 paging 16 16 1 open/syncd N/Ahd8 jfs2log 1 1 1 open/syncd N/Ahd4 jfs2 30 30 1 open/syncd /hd2 jfs2 128 128 1 open/syncd /usrhd9var jfs2 64 64 1 open/syncd /varhd3 jfs2 128 128 1 open/sync

11、d /tmphd1 jfs2 128 128 1 open/syncd /homehd10opt jfs2 32 32 1 open/syncd /optppp jfs2 10 10 1 open/syncd /pp01# fuser -x -c /pp01 查看此文件的用户进程号/pp01: 397442c# ps -fp 397442c 语法不对ps: 0509-048 Flag -p was used with invalid list.Usage: ps -ANPaedfklmMZ -n namelist -F Format -o specifier=header,. -p procl

12、ist-G|-g grouplist -t termlist -U|-u userlist -c classlist -T pid -L pidlist Usage: ps aceglnsuvwxU t tty processnumber# ps -fp 397442 查看此进程号 UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD root 397442 262256 0 02:41:30 pts/0 0:00 -ksh # kill -l 397442INT (已经杀掉)# umount /pp01 （还是不能卸载）umount: 0506-349 Cannot unmou

13、nt /dev/ppp: The requested resource is busy.# fuser -cux /pp01 （此命令也可以查看这个文件的进程）/pp01: 397442c(root)# exit （还是退出，重新登录）AIX Version 5Copyright IBM Corporation, 1982, 2009.login:AIX Version 5Copyright IBM Corporation, 1982, 2009.login: rootroot's Password:Welcome to AIX Version 5.3! * * * Please se

14、e the README file in /usr/lpp/bos for information pertinent to * this release of the AIX Operating System. * * *Last unsuccessful login: Wed Mar 6 03:16:26 CUT 2013 on ftp from :ffff:26Last login: Fri Mar 8 02:41:42 CUT 2013 on /dev/pts/0 from 29# df -kFilesystem 1024-blocks Free %

15、Used Iused %Iused Mounted on/dev/hd4 983040 483592 51% 4782 5% /dev/hd2 4194304 2473280 42% 37476 7% /usr/dev/hd9var 2097152 1902276 10% 5462 2% /var/dev/hd3 4194304 3906704 7% 471 1% /tmp/dev/hd1 4194304 4035912 4% 126 1% /home/proc - - - - - /proc/dev/hd10opt 1048576 960992 9% 1951 1% /opt/dev/ppp

16、 327680 327232 1% 3 1% /pp01# umount /pp01 再次卸载# df k 成功Filesystem 1024-blocks Free %Used Iused %Iused Mounted on/dev/hd4 983040 483592 51% 4782 5% /dev/hd2 4194304 2473280 42% 37476 7% /usr/dev/hd9var 2097152 1902276 10% 5462 2% /var/dev/hd3 4194304 3906704 7% 471 1% /tmp/dev/hd1 4194304 4035912 4%

17、 126 1% /home/proc - - - - - /proc/dev/hd10opt 1048576 960992 9% 1951 1% /opt卸载才能检查文件系统的完整性，卸载才能删除LV# fsck /dev/pppThe current volume is: /dev/pppPrimary superblock is valid.* Phase 1 - Initial inode scan* Phase 2 - Process remaining directories* Phase 3 - Process remaining files* Phase 4 - Check an

18、d repair inode allocation map* Phase 5 - Check and repair block allocation mapFile system is clean.# fsck -f /dev/pppThe current volume is: /dev/pppPrimary superblock is valid.# fsck -y /dev/pppThe current volume is: /dev/pppPrimary superblock is valid.* Phase 1 - Initial inode scan* Phase 2 - Proce

19、ss remaining directories* Phase 3 - Process remaining files* Phase 4 - Check and repair inode allocation map* Phase 5 - Check and repair block allocation mapFile system is clean.用SMIT删除LV# df k 已经删除Filesystem 1024-blocks Free %Used Iused %Iused Mounted on/dev/hd4 983040 483564 51% 4780 5% /dev/hd2 4

20、194304 2473280 42% 37476 7% /usr/dev/hd9var 2097152 1902272 10% 5462 2% /var/dev/hd3 4194304 3906704 7% 471 1% /tmp/dev/hd1 4194304 4035912 4% 126 1% /home/proc - - - - - /proc/dev/hd10opt 1048576 960992 9% 1951 1% /opt 重新创建lv,jfs2，并挂载# smit mklv# smit jfs2 创建文件系统 Add an Enhanced Journaled File Syst

21、em Add an Enhanced Journaled File System on a Previously Defined Logical Volume Change / Show Characteristics of an Enhanced Journaled File System Remove an Enhanced Journaled File System Manage Quotas for an Enhanced Journaled File System Defragment an Enhanced Journaled File System List Snapshots

22、for an Enhanced Journaled File System Create Snapshot for an Enhanced Journaled File System Mount Snapshot for an Enhanced Journaled File System Remove Snapshot for an Enhanced Journaled File System Unmount Snapshot for an Enhanced Journaled File System Change Snapshot for an Enhanced Journaled File

23、 System Rollback an Enhanced Journaled File System to a Snapshot选择蓝色部分回车# ls /dev/xl 查看刚创建的文件系统/dev/xl# mount /dev/xl /home/xl01 挂在文件系统在/home/xl01上在新创建的文件系统上去存放系统补丁包把在官网下载的5300-08-10-1015.zip补丁包（sp），放在新建的jfs2 xl01下，并unzip，# cd /home/xl01# ls5300-08-10-1015.zip# unzip 5300-08-10-1015.zip 由于此文件系统太小，不能

24、全部解压，则选择n，终止解压，扩大文件系统/home/xl01，在进行解压# lsvg rootvgVOLUME GROUP: rootvg VG IDENTIFIER: 000f911f00004c00000001363b4fd9dfVG STATE: active PP SIZE: 32 megabyte(s)VG PERMISSION: read/write TOTAL PPs: 542 (17344 megabytes)MAX LVs: 256 FREE PPs: 2 (64 megabytes)LVs: 10 USED PPs: 540 (17280 megabytes)OPEN L

25、Vs: 9 QUORUM: 2 (Enabled)TOTAL PVs: 1 VG DESCRIPTORS: 2STALE PVs: 0 STALE PPs: 0ACTIVE PVs: 1 AUTO ON: yesMAX PPs per VG: 32512 MAX PPs per PV: 1016 MAX PVs: 32LTG size (Dynamic): 256 kilobyte(s) AUTO SYNC: noHOT SPARE: no BB POLICY: non-relocatable可见剩余的2个# smit chfs 这个不好用，网上搜了个命令，如下# chfs -a size=+

26、40M /home/xl01 给文件系统/home/xl01增加40M的空间，这里的“M”是大写 Filesystem size changed to 917504# lsvg rootvg 查看一下，VOLUME GROUP: rootvg VG IDENTIFIER: 000f911f00004c00000001363b4fd9dfVG STATE: active PP SIZE: 32 megabyte(s)VG PERMISSION: read/write TOTAL PPs: 542 (17344 megabytes)MAX LVs: 256 FREE PPs: 0 (0 megab

27、ytes)LVs: 10 USED PPs: 542 (17344 megabytes)OPEN LVs: 9 QUORUM: 2 (Enabled)TOTAL PVs: 1 VG DESCRIPTORS: 2STALE PVs: 0 STALE PPs: 0ACTIVE PVs: 1 AUTO ON: yesMAX PPs per VG: 32512 MAX PPs per PV: 1016 MAX PVs: 32LTG size (Dynamic): 256 kilobyte(s) AUTO SYNC: noHOT SPARE: no BB POLICY: non-relocatable备

28、注：实际上chfs在扩容fs的时候也把相应的lv给扩大了。extendlv只是扩展lv的功能，和chfs用法不同。# unzip 5300-08-10-1015.zip .还是不够，晕啊，由于没有剩余的pp了，只好将其它文件系统减小，来扩大、home/xl01。# lsvg -l rootvgrootvg:LV NAME TYPE LPs PPs PVs LV STATE MOUNT POINThd5 boot 1 1 1 closed/syncd N/Ahd6 paging 16 16 1 open/syncd N/Ahd8 jfs2log 1 1 1 open/syncd N/Ahd4 j

29、fs2 30 30 1 open/syncd /hd2 jfs2 128 128 1 open/syncd /usrhd9var jfs2 64 64 1 open/syncd /varhd3 jfs2 128 128 1 open/syncd /tmphd1 jfs2 128 128 1 open/syncd /homehd10opt jfs2 32 32 1 open/syncd /optxl jfs2 14 14 1 open/syncd /home/xl01# lslv hd9varLOGICAL VOLUME: hd9var VOLUME GROUP: rootvgLV IDENTI

30、FIER: 000f911f00004c00000001363b4fd9df.6 PERMISSION: read/writeVG STATE: active/complete LV STATE: opened/syncdTYPE: jfs2 WRITE VERIFY: offMAX LPs: 512 PP SIZE: 32 megabyte(s)COPIES: 1 SCHED POLICY: parallelLPs: 64 PPs: 64STALE PPs: 0 BB POLICY: relocatableINTER-POLICY: minimum RELOCATABLE: yesINTRA

31、-POLICY: center UPPER BOUND: 32MOUNT POINT: /var LABEL: /varMIRROR WRITE CONSISTENCY: on/ACTIVE EACH LP COPY ON A SEPARATE PV ?: yes Serialize IO ?: NO # lslv xl |grep 'PP SIZE'MAX LPs: 512 PP SIZE: 32 megabyte(s) # lslv xl |grep 'PPs'LPs: 14 PPs: 14STALE PPs: 0 BB POLICY: relocatabl

32、e可以看到目前有14个PP在xl里,每个PP为32M,就是说LV:xl一共有448M,# df -mFilesystem MB blocks Free %Used Iused %Iused Mounted on/dev/hd4 960.00 676.88 30% 4780 3% /dev/hd2 4096.00 2415.31 42% 37476 7% /usr/dev/hd9var 2048.00 1857.68 10% 5463 2% /var/dev/hd3 4096.00 3815.14 7% 471 1% /tmp/dev/hd1 4096.00 3941.30 4% 127 1%

33、/home/proc - - - - - /proc/dev/hd10opt 1024.00 938.47 9% 1951 1% /opt/dev/xl 448.00 0.00 100% 219 49% /home/xl01# chfs -a size=1024M /var (对/var进行缩小到1024M)Filesystem size changed to 2097152# df -mFilesystem MB blocks Free %Used Iused %Iused Mounted on/dev/hd4 960.00 676.88 30% 4780 3% /dev/hd2 4096.

34、00 2415.31 42% 37476 7% /usr/dev/hd9var 1024.00 833.84 19% 5463 3% /var/dev/hd3 4096.00 3815.14 7% 471 1% /tmp/dev/hd1 4096.00 3941.30 4% 127 1% /home/proc - - - - - /proc/dev/hd10opt 1024.00 938.47 9% 1951 1% /opt/dev/xl 448.00 0.00 100% 219 49% /home/xl01# lsvg rootvgVOLUME GROUP: rootvg VG IDENTI

35、FIER: 000f911f00004c00000001363b4fd9dfVG STATE: active PP SIZE: 32 megabyte(s)VG PERMISSION: read/write TOTAL PPs: 542 (17344 megabytes)MAX LVs: 256 FREE PPs: 32 (1024 megabytes)LVs: 10 USED PPs: 510 (16320 megabytes)OPEN LVs: 9 QUORUM: 2 (Enabled)TOTAL PVs: 1 VG DESCRIPTORS: 2STALE PVs: 0 STALE PPs

36、: 0ACTIVE PVs: 1 AUTO ON: yesMAX PPs per VG: 32512 MAX PPs per PV: 1016 MAX PVs: 32LTG size (Dynamic): 256 kilobyte(s) AUTO SYNC: noHOT SPARE: no BB POLICY: non-relocatable从以上黄色部分可以看出命令执行成功，/var缩小了，FREE PPs增加了。再次对/home/xl01进行扩大。# chfs -a size=+500M /home/xl01Filesystem size changed to 1966080成功# unz

37、ip 5300-08-10-1015.zip# cd /home/xl01# dfFilesystem 512-blocks Free %Used Iused %Iused Mounted on/dev/hd4 1966080 1386088 30% 4780 3% /dev/hd2 8388608 4946560 42% 37476 7% /usr/dev/hd9var 2097152 1707696 19% 5463 3% /var/dev/hd3 8388608 7813376 7% 471 1% /tmp/dev/hd1 8388608 8071792 4% 127 1% /home/

38、proc - - - - - /proc/dev/hd10opt 2097152 1921984 9% 1951 1% /opt/dev/xl 1966080 920072 54% 230 1% /home/xl01# df -gFilesystem GB blocks Free %Used Iused %Iused Mounted on/dev/hd4 0.94 0.66 30% 4780 3% /dev/hd2 4.00 2.36 42% 37476 7% /usr/dev/hd9var 1.00 0.81 19% 5463 3% /var/dev/hd3 4.00 3.73 7% 471

39、 1% /tmp/dev/hd1 4.00 3.85 4% 127 1% /home/proc - - - - - /proc/dev/hd10opt 1.00 0.92 9% 1951 1% /opt/dev/xl 0.94 0.44 54% 230 1% /home/xl01# ls5300-08-10-1015 5300-08-10-1015.zip# ls -ltotal 419384drwxr-xr-x 2 root system 8192 Mar 06 10:26 5300-08-10-1015-rw-r- 1 root system 214714261 Mar 08 06:57

40、5300-08-10-1015.zip# cd 5300-08-10-1015# lsU814966.bff U820901.bff U822119.bff U829491.bff U829561.bff U830500.bff U832250.bffU815942.bff U820902.bff U822122.bff U829492.bff U829562.bff U830501.bff U832251.bffU817235.bff U820907.bff U822123.bff U829501.bff U829563.bff U830502.bff U832252.bff# ls l 看一下执行权限total 624704-rw-r-r- 1 root system 7