2022年度上海海洋大学管理学原理题库已分类整理好附答案完全版

1、TRUE/FALSE T 1Management is often considered universal because it uses organizational resources to accomplish goals and attain high performance in all types of profit and not-for-profit organizations. T 2Leadership involves the use of influence to motivate employees to achieve the organizations goal

2、s. F 3Organising means defining goals for future organizational performance and deciding on the tasks and resources needed to attain them. F 4. Efficiency refers to the degree to which the organization achieves a stated objective. F 5. The managers ability to think strategically requires high t

3、echnical skills and a proficiency in specific tasks within an organization.  F 6. First-line managers are the managers who have the responsibility for making the significant strategic policy decisions, often with staff managers assisting them in these decisions. T 1. The learning organization i

4、s an attitude or philosophy（哲学）about what an organization can become. F 2. The essential idea in a learning organization is efficiency. F 3. As a manager, Lou prefers to think in terms of control over rather than control with others. This is in agreement with the idea of a learning organization. T 4

5、. Empowerment means giving employees the power, freedom, knowledge, and skills to make decisions and perform effectively. F 5. Theory X and Theory Y, proposed by Douglas McGregor, provide two opposing（相反旳） views of workers: Theory X recognises that workers enjoy achievement and responsibility, while

6、 Theory Y recognises（承认）that workers will avoid work whenever possible. F 1、The study of management traditionally has focused on factors external to the organizations. T 2、The general environment and the task environment are the two layers of an organizations external environment. F 3、Customers and

7、competitors are two important sectors of the economic dimension（次元）of a firms general environment. F 4. Other organizations in the same industry or type of business that provide goods or services to the same set of customers are referred to as suppliers. F 5. The internal environment within which ma

8、nagers work includes corporate（公司旳） culture, sociocultural aspects and customers. T 1、Found between the domains（领域）of law and free choice, ethics（道德规范）is the code of moral principles that governs any individual or group. T 2、Most ethical dilemmas（困境）involve a conflict between the needs of the part a

9、nd the whole. F 3. The four approaches that guide ethical decision making are utilitarian（功力旳）, individualism, moral-rights and objective dualism（双重论）. F 4. Free choice lies between the domains of codified law and ethics. F 5. Most of the laws guiding human resource management are based on the indiv

10、idualism approach. F 6. Culture is the only aspect of an organization that influences ethics. T 7. All stockholders of an organization are its stakeholders, but not all stakeholders are its stockholders. F 1、Of the four management functions, organizing is the most fundamental（主线旳）, as everything pra

11、ctical（实际旳）stems（血统）from careful organization.  T 2. A desired future state that the individual or organization attempts to realize is a goal.  F 3. Plans specify（列举）future ends; goals specify todays means.  F 4. The act of determining the organizations goals and the means for achievi

12、ng them is called goal setting. T 5. Goals and plans are valuable to an organization because they provide legitimacy（合法）, rationale（基本原理）for decisions and an increase in motivation（积极性）and commitment（承诺）.  T 6. An organizations mission describes its reason for existence.  T 7. Mission stat

13、ements often reveal（显示）the companys philosophy as well as purpose.  T 8. Strategic plans and goals are those that focus on where the organization wants to be in the future and pertain（属于）to the organization as a whole.  F 9. Reviewing progress is the most difficult step in an MBO process.

14、 T 10. Long-term planning includes strategic goals for the overall organization. F 1、By far the most difficult decision situation is uncertainty.T 2、A choice made from available alternatives is called a decision。F 3、The classical decision making model assumes that the decision-maker is rational

15、, and makes the optimal decision each time.F 4、Decision-making must not be done amid ever-changing factors, unclear information and conflicting points of view.F 5、According to the Vroom-Jago Model, leaders should be concerned with decision characteristics like a commitment requirement, problem struc

16、ture and subordinate conflict.T 1. Organizational structure refers to the framework in which the organization defines the way tasks are divided, resources are deployed and departments are coordinated.T 2. Authority is the right to use resources, make decisions and issue orders in an organization. F

17、3. Given the challenges to meet customer needs and adapt to the environment, most organizations today discourage managers to delegate authority to the lower levels. T 4. The number of employees reporting to a supervisor is his or her span of management. T 5. An advantage of vertical functional struc

18、ture is its quick response to external changes. T 1、The set of activities that are undertaken to attract, develop and maintain an effective work force is referred to as human resource management. F 2、 An interview is a one-way communication channel that allows the organization to obtain information

19、about the applicant. T 3、HR planning, choosing recruiting sources, and selecting the candidate are the first three steps involved in attracting an effective work force. T 4、The value of an exit interview is to provide an excellent and inexpensive tool for learning about pockets of dissatisfaction wi

20、thin the organization and hence for reducing future turnover. Multiple ChoiceC 1. The figurehead role involves: A. motivating and communicating with staffB. initiating（发起）changeC. handling ceremonial（正式旳）and symbolic activitiesD.developing information sources within the organizationE.staying well in

21、formed about current affairs  B 2. How an organization goes about accomplishing a plan is a key part of the management function of: A. planning B.organizing C. leading D. controlling E. motivating E 3. Which of the following is not a function of management? A.control B. plan C. organize D.Lead

22、E.performanceA 4. A social entity（本质）that is goal directed and deliberately（谨慎地）structured is referred to as: A. an organization B.management C.employees D.students E.tasks  C 5. Which of the following types of skills is the understanding of and proficiency in the performance of specific tasks?

23、 A.human skill B.leadership skill C.technical skill D.conceptual（概念上旳）skill E.social skill E 6. The informational role, according to Mintzberg, is a(n) _ role? A.entrepreneur（公司家） B.leader C.figurehead（有名无实旳领袖） D.celebratory E.monitor E 1. _ forces refer to those aspects of a culture that guide and

24、influence relationships among people. A.Legal B.Economic C.Political D.Psychological E.Social  E 2. Variables（变量）such as interest rates, inflation（通货膨胀）and trade tariffs（关税）are all examples of _ forces. A.technological B.political C.social D.socio-educational E.none of the above  D 3. Stra

25、tegy has traditionally been the sole（唯一旳）responsibility of: A.middle management B.project managers（项目经理）C.company accountants D.top managers  C 4. During the early twentieth century, the prevailing（一般旳）management perspective（观点）, which emphasised rationality（合理性）and a scientific approach, was t

26、he _ perspective. A.scientificB. behavioural C. classical D. quantitative E.Pareto C 5. The three subfields（子域）of the classical perspective include: A. bureaucratic organization, quantitative management, and the human relations movementB. quantitative management, behavioural science,

27、and administrative managementC.administrative management, bureaucratic organization, and scientific managementD.scientific management, quantitative management, and administrative management E.none of the above B 6. Bruce believes his employees are responsible and able to work without intense di

28、rection and supervision（管理）. He is a: A.Theory X manager B. Theory Y managerC.Theory Z manager D. contingency（偶尔性）theory managerE.classical manager B 1. Which of these is a part of an organizations internal environment? A.its customers B.its salespeople C.its wage structureD. its suppliers E. its co

29、mpetitorE 2. The _ environment represents（体现）the outer layer of the environment and affects organizations _. A.task; indirectly B.general; directlyC.internal; directly D. internal; indirectly（间接地） E.general; indirectly  C 3. Which of these is NOT a part of an organizations general environment?

30、A.technological B.economic C. competitorsD.legal-political E.socio-cultural  D 4. An organizations task environment includes all of the following EXCEPT: A.competitors B.customers C. labor marketsD.employers E.suppliers A 5. Which of these are included in an organizations task environment? A.su

31、ppliersB.accounting procedures（手续）C.technology D.government E.demographic（人口记录学旳）characteristics  B 6. Which of the following consists of demographic factors, such as population density? A.technological environment B.sociocultural environmentC.legal-political environment D.internal environmentE

32、.economic environment  B 7. The _ represents people in the environment who can be hired to work for the organization. A. competitors B. labour market C. suppliers D. customers E.government C 8. Which statement （论述）below is correct? A.When environment is dynamic（活跃旳）, uncertainty is low.B.W

33、hen the environment is unstable（动态旳）, uncertainty is low.C.A dynamic environment has more uncertainty than a stable environment.D. The stability（稳定性）of the environment does not determine the structure of the firm. E. None of the above. A 9. Research has found that a(n) _ structure works best when or

34、ganizations experience uncertainty. A.flexible（灵活旳） B. mechanistic（机械旳） C. intuitive（直觉旳）D.inorganic E.rigid （死板旳）C 1、Which of these refers to the code of moral principles and values that govern behavior with respect to what is right and wrong? A.social responsibility B.free domainC.ethics D.codifie

35、d law（编纂法典） E.discretionary（任意旳）responsibility  E 2. Around _ per cent of adults reach the level three stage of moral development. A. 30 B. 40 C. 50 D. 80 E. 20  A 3. Ethics deals with _ values that are a part of corporate culture and shapes decisions concerning social responsibility with

36、respect to the _ environment. A.internal/external B.external/external C.internal/internalD.external/internal E.none of the above  B 4. The assumption（假设）that If its not illegal, it must be ethical, ignores which of the following? A.domain of codified lawB.domain of ethicsC.domain of free choice

37、D.discretionary responsibilityE.domain of symbolism C 5. The golden rule do unto others as they would do unto you is: A.an example of the utilitarian approach to ethical behaviourB.representative of the moral-justice approach to moral decision makingC.an example of the values that guide the ind

38、ividualism approach to ethical behaviourD.an age-old piece of advise not to be taken too seriouslyE.an example of the justice approach to ethical behaviour B 6. Individualism is most closely related to: A.social responsibility B. free choiceC.economic responsibility D. codified law E.togetherne

39、ss  D 7. Sexual harassment（性骚扰）is unethical because it violates（违背）an important part of which approach to ethical behavior? A.the utilitarian approach B. the individualism approach C.the justice approach D. the moral-rights approachE.the defensive（防御旳）approach  D 8. Most of the laws guidin

40、g human resource management are based on the: A. utilitarian approach B. moral-rights approach C. individualism approach D. justice approach E. collectivism（集体主义）approach C 1. A desired future state that an organization attempts to realise（明白）is called a(n): A. plan B. vision statement C.goal B. D.

41、mission statement E. idea  A 2. _ specify future ends and _ specify todays means. A.Goals, plans B. Plans, goals C.Planning, organising D. Ideas, behaviours E. Mission, vision C 3. Which of these is the act of determining the organizations goals and the means for achieving them? A.organising B.

42、brainstorming C.planning D.developing a mission E.a blueprint B 4. The planning process begins with which of these? A.the development of operational（运作旳）goalsB.the development of a mission statementC.communication of goals to the rest of the organizationD. a company-wide meetingE.brainstorming  

43、;D 5. The _ is the basis for the strategic level of goals and plans which in turn（空旳） shapes the _ and _ level. A.goal, mission, tacticalB.operational goal, mission and tactical（方略旳）C.objective, operational, missionD. mission, tactical, operationalE.tactical plan, operational, mission  A 6. _ a

44、re primarily concerned with tactical goals/plans. A.Middle management B.Board of directorsC.Consultants D.Senior managementE.Lower management  D 7. Which of these are primarily responsible for strategic goals/plans? A.middle management B.board of directorsC.consultants（征询者） D.senior managementE

45、.lower management  D 8. A statement that identifies distinguishing characteristics of an organization is known as: A.a goals statement B.a values statementC.an income statement D.a mission statementE.a competitive-edge statement  C 9. The organizations reason for existence is known as: A.t

46、he organizations value B.the organizations visionC.the organizations mission D.the organizations goalE.the organizations service  C 10. We seek to become the major computer maintenance（维修）business in Shanghai is an example of a statement you are most likely to find in the organizations: A.tacti

47、cal goals B.operational goalsC.mission D.tactical plans E.operational plans B 11. Goals that define the outcomes that major divisions（部门）and departments must achieve in order for the organization to reach its overall goals are called: A.strategic goals B. tactical goals C. operational goals D. a mis

48、sion E. a plan A 12. Specific results expected from individuals are called: A.operational goals B.tactical goalsC.strategic goals D.operational plans E.mission statements D 13. _ goals lead to the attainment（成就）of _ goals, which in turn lead to the attainment of _ goals. A.Operational, strategic, ta

49、cticalB.Tactical, operational, strategicC.Strategic, tactical, operationalD.Operational, tactical, strategicE.None of the above  A 14. The first step in the MBO process is: A.setting goals B. developing action plansC.appraising（评价）overall performanceD. reviewing progressE.reliant（依赖）on the obje

50、ctives, which should be laid down（制定）first A 15. The final step in the MBO process is to: A.appraise overall performance B.develop an action planC.review progress D.set goalsE.conduct periodic checkups（周期旳审查）  C 16. Contingency（偶尔性）plans are: A.plans that are developed to achieve a set of goals

51、 that are unlikely to be repeated in the futureB.plans that used to provide guidance for tasks performed repeatedly within the organizationC.plans that define company responses to specific situations, such as emergencies or setbacksD.most important in the organizations E.none of the above A 1.A choi

52、ce made from available alternatives is known as a _. A. decision   B. plan      C. planned goal        D. tactic      E.strategyC 2.The lowest possibility of failure is associated with the c

53、ondition of: A. ambiguity    B. uncertainty    C.certainty     D. Risk E. two of the aboveC 3.The classical model of decision making is based on _ assumptions. A. philosophical      B. 

54、irrational    C. economic    D. uncertainty   E. industrialC 4.Which of these is the first step in the managerial decision making process? A. evaluation and feedback    B. development of alternatives 

55、     C. recognition of decision requirement     D. diagnosis and analysis of causes      E. selection of desired alternativesA 5.Feedback is important because: A. decision making is a continuous process       B .it provides decision-makers with new information      C. it helps determine