外研版高中英语高一至高三重点短语、词汇

1、高一英语重点短语，词汇quality ( C ) quantity ( C )fun ( U ) funny adjmake + sb/sth + n make him our leader sb/sth + adj make the room clean sb + do sb/sth + done make me understoodagree + to sth on sth with sb with + 从句argue + with sb ( about/ over sth) for/against sth 为/反对.而争辩fill in 填写，添满，消磨时间reason ( C ) 原因

2、，理由for reason   由于的原因the reason for + 短语 的原因the reason why + 句子 的原因the reason why + 句子 + is/was that + 表语从句cause 起因，缘由 + of the cause of the accidentinterest n ( C/U ) Vt take/ feel an interest in sth = be interested inwith interest 怀着极大兴趣地imagine Vt 想象，认为imagine + n + doing sth + sbs doing sth

3、 I cant imagine their stealing. + that + 从句Survive Vt Vi + from He was very lucky to survive the war.Many patients have survived from the disaster.alone adv/adj （客观上）独自地 live alonelonely adj （主观上）孤独的 feel lonelyon a flight 在飞行中on a trip/journey 在旅行中on the go 忙个不停crash V 撞碎，撞坏，坠毁，倒塌，崩溃desert n 沙漠，荒原

4、V 离弃，放弃，遗弃 逃离deserted adj 荒芜的，无人的learn to do sth 学会做 learn doing/n 学做 all alone = all by oneselfall along = always 一直，始终collect 收集 （ 有目的，主观，有选择地搜）gather 把散的东西集中在一起fire n ( U )make fire 生火catch fire 着火put out the fire 灭火( be) on fire 着火/失火set sth on fire 放火烧sthchallenge n (C) 挑战 Vt 向挑战，对质疑accept a ch

5、allenge to do challenge sb to do 向sb挑战做.develop V 发展，研制，开发，培养develop a friendship with sb ( 建立 )develop an interest in sth ( 培养 )realise 认识到，体会，领悟，使成为现实think about = think over 仔细思考think of think back to 回想think nothing of 觉得不怎么样think out 想出think/speak highly/much of 对评价高，赞赏think little of 对评价不高，不赞成

6、treat Vt 对待，治疗，处理，款待treat A as B 把A当作Btreat sb for. 给sb治病treat sb to sth 用款待sbhave sb do sth 让某人做某事have sb doing sth 让某人一直做某事have sth done 使 被做 （ 主观有/无意 ）get sth done 使 被做 （ 主观有意 ）make friends (with sb) 与sb交友make enemies (with sb) 与 sb 树敌care about 在意，在乎care for 喜欢，照顾，关心example n ( C ) take for exam

7、ple 以 为例set an example to sb = set sb an example 为sb树立个榜样joke n ( C ) tell jokes 说笑话play a joke on sb 戏弄sbshare sth with sb 与sb分享/共用sthbe tired of sth/doing 厌烦做 .be tired from sth/doing 因做了 而累at all 真地，竟然，究竟，到底not .at all 根本不，一点也不半情态动词：need / dare need / dare to do sth 用于肯定句，疑问句，否定句need / dare do 用于

8、疑问句，否定句be/feel at home 随便，自由自在make sb at home （使）别客气，别拘束mean to do mean doingin the/ones way 妨碍，挡住的路in a way 从某种意义/程度上说by way of 经由. 取道lose ones way 迷路make ones way 努力向前all the way 一路上on ones way to swhnot a bit 一点也不not a little = very much majority + n 复数，谓语用复数the majority 做主语，谓语单复数均可equal 相等的，同样的，

9、平等的，be equal + with/toon ones own = alone = all by oneself 独自地situation 情况，处境，形势 （指环境/外在）condition 状况，状态（指个体/内在）state 状态，状况（只用单数，与in 连用） in a state of . wide adj /adv widely advhigh adj / adv highly advdeep adj / adv deeply advclose adj / adv closely advlate adj / adv lately adv 最近 = recentlyon/ ove

10、r the radio 通过无线电 on TVon the phone 通过电话knowledge n U to ones knowledge 据 所知a/ the knowledge of . 的知识in the future 在将来 in future 从今以后exchange n / Vt 交换，交流，兑换exchange sth with sbcome about = take place 发生，产生come across （偶然）遇见/发现come along with 随同while 而，却，尽管end up with 以 结束/告终begin/ start with 以 开始ov

11、er + 时间段 （强调动作发生在时间后）during + 时间段 （强调动作发生在时间内）for + 时间段 动作或状态持续的时间consider doing sth 考虑做.consider sb/ sth to do 认为 means n （单/复数）同形，“手段，方法”meaning n C “意思，含义”by means of 通过的方式by this/that means 通过这种/那种方式by no means 决不follow 跟随，理解，沿着走，听从follow ones advice / instructions 听从某人的建议follow the example of 以

12、为榜样as follows 如下 go through = experience get through = finishtry to do sth 尽力地去做 try doing 试着做watch out for = be careful wear 强调状态 put on 强调动作 have on 强调状态（不用进行时）up : 向上/高，向北，进城，进入down : 向下/低，向南，下乡，出去in danger 处于险境 in danger of 有的危险out of danger 脱离险境handle : n 柄，把手 Vt 操作，处理，管理，对待separate: adj单独的，分开的

13、 V 分离，分开，隔离（+from）be off = leave be off to + 目的地 = leave for + 目的地see sb off 送sb see sb out 送sb 出去combine A and B = combine A with Bbe good to sb/sth 对好/有利be bad to sb/sth 对不好/不利learn about 了解的事cause: n 原因 the cause of sth Vt 引起，造成，产生sink sank sunk Vi 下沉，沉没，低下 = go downfor fun = in fun take place =

14、happenfrighten Vt = scare 使害怕，使惊吓frightened = scared 受惊吓的firghtening = scaring 令人害怕的be afraid of 对担心 be afraid to do sth 不敢做a big mass of = masses of = lots of 大批的，大量的advance ：使前进/提出/提高 Vi 高升/涨价 n 前进/进展advanced adj 先进的，高级的 in advance 预先，提前drag：拉/拽/拖（大/重物） pull：拉/拔（用力可大可小）draw：拉住/吸引 drawer：抽屉，支票hold

15、onto 抓住，抓牢，保持，不放弃，不卖掉struggle against/for/withfight over 为而争吵 fight back：还击，忍住finally = at last = in the endflow flowed flowed flowingfly flow flown flying strike：用力打（一次或多次） hit：常用（一次性打中）beat：后大多加人，多次/有节奏地打或跳 defeat：击败day after day：日复一日地（无变化）day by day： 一天天地（有变化）cut down 砍倒，减少，降低，削减destroy：V破坏，消灭 （不

16、可修补）damage：Vt/n 损坏，损失（可修补，补偿）ruin：V/n 破坏，灭亡，夷为平地refer to：意思是指 提及，谈到，查阅fear: n(U) / V 恐惧，害怕for fear of 担心 以防 for fear that + 句子 担心 以防in/with fear 惊恐地 fear for 为而担心look up at 抬头看 look up 抬头/查阅 look up to 尊敬.look down at 低头看 look down upon 瞧不起look down 低头catch sb doing sth 抓住sb正在做grow into = grow up to

17、 be 长成，发展成make a choice 做出选择make no choice but todo sth：除了做而别无选择In the beginning -in the endAt the beginning of - at the end ofMake money, save money , collect moneyat a speed of 以的速度 speed up 加速 slow down 减速at full/top speed全速地work on 从事于，致力于 work at sth/somewhereowe：欠，感激，把归功于owe sb sth欠sb sthowe t

18、o 把归功于owe it to sb that + 从句（it是形式宾语that 从句是真实宾语）I owe it to you that I have made much progress in English.a pair of 一对，一双，一付a couple of 指两个（不一定是一对）above allall along 一直after allall the same 依然，仍然all at once突然cant help doing 情不自禁地做.cant help (to) do不能帮着做cant help but do= cant choose but do= cant but

19、 do = have to dotake ones place = take the place of sb 代替sbtake ones place = be seated就座keep on doing： 坚持做.keep away from：离开，不接近keep back： 阻止，抑制，隐瞒keep out (of) 挡住，不让进来keep up 保持，继续，持续keep up with 不落后于，跟上cause trouble = make trouble： 制造麻烦get into trouble： 遇到麻烦have trouble/difficult (in) doing sth：做有

20、麻烦save/ spare trouble： 避免麻烦put sb to trouble： 给sb添麻烦decide to do = be determined to do sthafford V 负担得起 afford + n afford to do sthcomment n C / U 评论comment Vi + ( on / upon) sth 就提出看法in ones opinion = in ones eyes 以的观点来看have a good/ poor/ high/ low opinion of sbthink well/ ill/ highly/ low opinion

21、of sboff work 在休假 out of work 失业in work 有职业 at work 在工作中cutinto 切成为cut through/ across 穿过，横过 cut away 切下，砍倒cut down 砍倒，削减，减少 cut off 切断，停止供应interrupt = get in a word 插嘴，打断for a moment = for a while 一段时间 for the moment 暂时the moment = as soon as at the moment = nowapologise v. 道歉 apology: n 道歉apologis

22、e for ( doing) sth apologise to sb for ( doing) sthmake / offer an apology ( to sb for sth)accept / refuse an apologyintroduce:Vt介绍，引进，传入，使认识/了解seat：n C 座位，Vt 就座take / have a seat = sit down take ones seat 就座no one 只指人不与of 短语连用，回答who 提问的句子Who is here? No one.none ( 3个以上)指人/事或物。回答how many / much提问 Ho

23、w many people are there? None.neither ( 两者都不) ，后谓语用单数nothing 指物，不与of 短语连用，回答what提问的句子。go over = review ：复习，检查，走过去。宽恕，原谅：excuse(语气较轻) pardon( 赦免 ) forgive 从心里宽恕question：课业上的，需要别人回答的问题用answer回答。problem：客观存在的，社会的棘手的问题，用solve回答。no question / no problem 毫无疑问.不可能的There is no question + that 从句There is no

24、question of / about out of question 毫无疑问 out of the question impossible pay a visit to sb / sth 拜访pay ones respect to 向表示敬意pay back偿还，报复pay off还清manners: (复)礼貌，规矩，风俗，生活方式manner: n 态度，样子，举止，与of 连用impression：n ( C )印象，感觉，印记make / leave a + (adj) impression on sb 给sb留下的印象at the table = near the tableat

25、 table 在吃饭， at desk 在学习sometimes：有时 , sometime： 某时some time：一段时间 , some times：一些次custom：n ( C ) 风俗，习惯，习俗customs：关税the Customs：海关customer：顾客course: n ( C )一道菜，课程，进程，过程，航道in course of 在中in / during the course of 在过程中raise： Vt rise： Viadvice：n ( U ) 建议，意见a piece of advicegive sb some advice on 就某事给sb提建

26、议ask ( sb) for advice on 向sb征求建议take / follow ( ones ) advice 接受建议advise ( doing) sthadvise sb ( not) to do sthadvise + that 从句too much + n ( U ) much too + adj / advbesides：而且，加之whats more.loud：adj / adv 大声的地aloud：adv出声地（silently 安静地）loudly：adv喧闹地，吵闹地，高声地extra：adj 额外的，特别的。adv：特别地，非常地。leak out ：漏掉，删

27、去，忽略Its time for sth Its time to do sthIts time for sb to do sth Its time that sb did sthgive/ send ones best wishes to sb 向sb致意wish to do sth wish sb to do sth wish sb n /adjmake / tell a joke 说笑话have a joke with sb 与sb 说笑话play a joke on sb 戏弄sbin joke = for / in fun 闹着玩地，非当真地base on 把建立在，以为基础be ba

28、sed on 以 为基础represent = stand for 代表under attack 遭受攻击 under repair在维修中under studuy在研究中under construction 在建设中 under control处于控制之下give in屈服，投降，上交turn in = hand in 上交give in to sb 向让步，迁就in pieces：成碎片，破碎，落空break (sth ) to / into pieces fall to pieces ： 摔成碎片tear (sth) into pieces 把 撕成碎片replace = take th

29、e place of 替换，取代change ones mind keep in mind 记住read ones mind看出sb 的心思pull down ：拆掉，摧毁，推翻，使降低下跌notbut不是而是hold ones breath 屏住呼吸lose ones breath喘不过气来out of breath上气不接下气a deep breath深呼吸be worth doing值得做be worthy of being donebe worthy to be doneevery two days 每两天every other days 每隔几天 + do sthwould

30、 rather + not do sth + do A than do B = would do A rather than do BCompete Vi 竞争，比赛compete in + 比赛compete with / against + 人compete for + sth + nallow , permit + sb to do sth + doing sth father：直接义further：引申义make every possible effort to do sthmake the great effort to do sthprepare for sth 为而准备prepa

31、re to do sth 准备做sthprepare sb for sth / to do sth 使准备好做某事have an effect on /upon . 对有影响，对起作用more than 超过，多于，远不止passive adj积极的active adj 主动的，积极的join + 组织，团体join in + 活动take part in + 活动（起到一定作用）It depends.看情况吧。live a happy/ lifesmile a sweet/ bitter smile sing a beautiful/ sweet songlate : adj / adv 晚

32、的地，迟的地latest: adj 最新的，最近的latter : pron / adj后者，与former对应lately: adv 最近add A to B 把加到上add to 增加add up 加起来add up to 总计，和计remind sb of / about sth：提醒sb sth，使sb想起sthremind sb to do sthin case of ：万一.（指坏事）in case：advpron以防万一，in no case ：决不in any case ： 无论如何in that case：如果那样wonder: n ( U ) 奇迹，奇观，(C ) 令人惊奇

33、的事，物 t = want to know ； no wonder ：难怪force sb to do sth = force sb into doing sth 强迫sb 做sthcome up with：赶上，提出，相出succeed in ( doing ) sth the reason for . the cause of die out：灭绝 die for：为而死die of：死于（内因）die from：死于（外因）die off：相继去世by turns = in turn 按次序地，依次地take turns doing sth 轮流做.take measures to do

34、 sth 采取措施去做make to ones measure 按照.的尺寸做adapt to：适应，适合 （to是介词 ）adapt.to Vt 使适合.devote ones life / money / time / oneself to sthin common with ：与有共同之处set free 释放free of charge免费地for free无偿地，免费地free from不受的损害respond = react 反应，respond to 对作出反应amount / deal 后加不可数名词a large amount of + n ( U ) a great dea

35、l of + n ( U )desire:n ( C) / ( U ) 愿望，渴望+(for sth)advice n ( U) , suggestion n ( C ) 经常用做插入词：think / know / believe / supposesure： 表语形容词，大多人作主语certain：定语形容词，大多由sth作主语dance to the music/ song 伴着音乐歌跳舞a world of + n ( C) / ( U ) 无数的，大量的have sth in common with . 与有共同之处spread：传播，传开get round，伸展/延伸/展开/铺开v

36、ariety：多样性，种类，变化a variety of = various different kinds of record : n ( C ) 记录，唱片 Vt 记录下来，记载，录制write a record of. 记录下break a record 打破记录keep the record of 保持的记录be similar to. 与相似be satisfied / content with sb / sth 对.满意be satisfied / content to do sthtotally = completely = thoroughly = whollyexpress：

37、Vt 表达n 快车adj 特快的expression：n（C）表达，表情，表达方式take down = put down = write down ：写下，记下take back 收回take in接受，吸收，理解，欺骗take on 呈现，雇佣，从事take over接管take up 占据，占领，开始做a series of 一系列的，一连串的，in trouble 处于困境中have trouble (in) doing sth做有麻烦get into trouble 陷入困境make trouble 制造麻烦take trouble to do sth费心做save / spare

38、trouble省事，避免麻烦learn from 向.学learn of / about 听说了解learn by heart用心学be afraid to do sth 不敢做be afraid of (doing) sth对做担心power：能力，电力，力量，动力，权力，政权in power：执政take power / come into power 上台，开始执政come across = run across = meet with = happen to meet = run into = meetby chance 偶然遇见grow into 成长为，发展成grow up 长大h

39、abit ：个人习惯customs：群体习惯；国家、民族等风俗have a habit of doing sthform / develop the habit of 养成 的习惯be in the habit of 有的习惯get / fall into the habit of 染上的习惯get sb into the habit of 使sb染上的习惯out of habit 出于习惯compareto 把比作compare with 把和相比compared to / with 与相比（句首，做伴随状语）whisper：Vt 私语，低声说，Vi + to sb，n C 低声so goo

40、d a boy = such a good boyif only 要是就好了only if 只要，只有what if 倘若该怎么办？as if = as though 似乎，好像turn around / round 转回身turn back 折回，返回turn out 结果是，原来是，证明是use up 用完burn up 烧完eat up 吃完end up (with ) 结束/ 以告终make a list of 列出.的清单hurt ：指精神上，肉体上的伤害（强调疼痛，难受）harm：指对人，对事有害。wound：多指外伤injure：指意外事故造成的伤害。a bit = a litt

41、lenot a bit = not at allnot a little = very muchexamine :Vt 仔细检查，测验（多指身体或考试）check: Vt 查验，核对。keep up with：跟上，不落后catch up with：追上，赶上offer：Vt 提供，给予，出的价；n 提供，供给offer to do sth：（主动地）答应做 choose ：选中，选定（强调结果）choose from：从中选择（强调选的过程）select：精挑细选however if + 从句：要是就会更（好/坏）He did it very well, however, if he rea

42、d it like bably : adv 可能性最大possibly: adv 可能性最小likely: adj / adv sb be likely to do sth sb 很可能做a large amount of = a great deal of + (U) 大量的 .brain : ( U) 头脑，智慧head: ( C) 指人的头部mind ; ( U) 主观意志，精神世界，思维，心思，想法celebrate : 庆祝/ 祝贺 （+ 节日，胜利，典礼，仪式）congratulate : + sb ( on sth ) dress：+ sb ：给某人穿衣服put

43、on：+ 衣服（指穿的动作）wear： + 衣服 （指穿的状态）haveon 表示穿的状态 （ 不用进行时）following : prep 以后；adj 接下来的；n 以下choice：n C 选择的人/物；U选择，选定，选择权by choice 自由地make a choice 做出 的选择前有“do”，后无to ；前无“do”，后有toI had no choice but to give up.I can do nothing but give up.give in ：屈服，投降，让步give up： 放弃give off： 散发出，放射出give out： 分发，分配，公布，用尽，筋

44、疲力尽give over：交给，移交give back：返还，恢复not but . 不是. 而是.play a trick on sb = play a joke on sb = play tricks on sbscene：（C）现场，场景（人工布局的），一场，scenery：（U）大多指自然景色missing: adj 不见了（一时找不到，不一定丢了）lost: adj 丢了（找不到了）before 的特殊用法：得. 才 He waited a long time before the train arrived用不了.就 I hadnt waited long before he ca

45、me.没等就 He began to speak before I could sit down.seem ：表示有根据的判断（可能是事实）look： 强调视觉上的印象appear：从外表上推断，似乎，好象（未必是事实）in the past：在过去 （用过去时）in the past years / days （用完成时）在过去的年/天里jowellery：（U）强调概念，珠宝的总称jewel：（C） 宝石，珠宝accept ：接受，答应，相信accept + n accept + sb / sth + as + n / adj = treat . Asaccept + that 从句 承认

46、 .call on sb 拜访sb， 号召call at swh 拜访某地lovely : adj 美丽的，可爱的，令人愉快的lively : adj 活泼的，生动的，真实的look down at sth ： 低头看look about / around： 环顾四周，警戒look into： 调查，注视内部look on ： 旁观look out ： 向外看look over ： 检查，检阅look through：浏览，检查at ( the ) most ： 至多，最多at ( the ) least： 至少，最少have sth to do 动作的的发出者是人have sb doing

47、sth = keep sb doing sth 让一直做have sb do sth = make sb do sthcome up with ：提出，提供put up with ： 忍受by accident = by chance 偶然地by mistake 由于疏忽by good fortune 由于幸运advantage ：C 优势，利益，好处take advantage of = make use of 利用to sbs advantage = to the advantage of sb 对sb 有利discover sb doing sth ：发现sb正在做make a grea

48、t discovery：完成一项重大发现依某人看来：in ones opinion / view = in the opinion of sb浪费： a waste of mean doing sth ： 意味着 mean to do sth = intend to do sth 打算做 It is no use doing sth ：做是没有用的It is no good doing sth：做是没有好处的conduct ：指导，引导，指挥，经营，管理动词不定式做宾语的词：Wish, agree, decide, pretend, ask, tell, promise, plan, expe

49、ct, refuse charge ：n / V 要价，负责，管理in charge ： 掌管，掌管，负责in charge of： 负责 in the charge of + sb：由 负责under the charge of + sb 在 的管理之下take / have charge of + 部门 负责/管理 .free of charge ： 免费地at ones own charge ： 自费sharp：锋利的，尖锐的，灵敏的，苛刻的tear：Vt 撕裂 n C眼泪move sb to tears：感动得某人落泪burst into tears： 突然哭起来be in tears

50、 ： 在哭，流泪doubt + 肯定句 + whether / if + 从句doubt + 疑问句 / 否定句 + that + 从句do with：处置，处理deal with： 处置，处理inspire : Vt 鼓舞，激发，感动inspiring : adj 鼓舞人的，感动人的live on ：（指人） 以 为生feed on ：（指动物）以 为食be about to do sth：不与表示时间的状语连用be to do sth ： 可以与表示时间的状语连用refer to：（to是介词）：参考，涉及，谈到，提及，意指主谓一致：1. 谓语动词就近一致的原则：Or； eitheror；neither nor； not but；not only .but also.；there be 句型2. 谓语动词与前面的主语一致：wi