2020-2021学年新教材高中英语课时素养评价十五Unit5新人教版必修[含答案]

1、课时素养评价十五 Unit 5 Working the Land Using Language-语用训练1 .单句语法填空1. What some scientists have found is that their long-term use can sometimes harm both the land and people ' s health.2. Pesticides can damage the land by killing not only harmful bacteria and insects, but also helpful ones.3. Organic

2、farming is simply farming withoutusing (use) any chemicals.4. Organic farmers also use many othermethods (method) to produce rich soil.5. The goal of using different organic farming methods is to grow good food while avoiding (avoid) damage to the environment or to people ' s health.6. Some peop

3、le would prefer to stop the use of man-made chemicals in agriculture entirely (entire).7. What keeps them from doing so is the factthat chemical farming serves the highdemand for food around the world.n.完成句子1. Whenthey were first introduced, many farmers welcomed them as a great way to fight crop di

4、sease and increase production.当它们被首次推广时，许多农民欢迎它们，把它们作为抗击作物疾病和增加产量的好方法。2. Very loud noise can make people ill or drive them mad.很大的声音会使人身体不适，或使他们发狂。3. Recently customers have turned to organic food when shopping at the local grocery.最近，顾客在当地杂货店购物时，已经转向购买有机食品。4. For example, many organic farmers use n

5、atural waste from animals as fertiliser.例如，许多有机农民使用来自动物的天然废弃物作为肥料。5. Organic farming is nowhere near able to meet the need.有机农业完全不能满足那样的需求。6. Therefore, there is still a long way to find a suitable solution that puts sufficient food on the dinner table while keeping people and the environment as hea

6、lthy as possible.因此，要找到一个合适的解决方案，在保持人和环境尽可能健康的同时，把足够的食物放在餐桌上，还有很长的路要走。主题阅读I .阅读理解AThe organic foods have gained a lot of popularity as they are being considered as healthier and tastier. A fair number of people advocate a large-scale shift to organic farming from conventional agriculture. But this m

7、ight not seem well-founded.Since the mid-19th century, conventional industrial agriculture has become incredibly efficient on a simple land to food basis. Conventional farming gets more and more crop per square foot of land, which can mean less wilderness needs to be transformed to farmland.To make

8、farming more efficient, conventional agriculture uses a significant amount of synthetic fertiliser（合成月日料）each year, and all that nitrogen（氮）enablesmuch faster plant growth. However, the cost is paid in vast polluted dead zones at the months of many of the world ' s rivers, because much of the ni

9、trogen ends up running off the soil and into the oceans. This also makes conventional farming one of the major threats to the environment.To weaken the environmental impact of agriculture, improve soil quality as well as produce healthier foods, some farmers have turned to organic farming. Environme

10、ntalists have also welcomed organic food as better for the planet than the food produced by agricultural corporations. Organic practicesrefusing artificialfertilizers and chemical pesticidesare considered far more sustainable. Sales oforganic food rose 7. 7% in 2010, up to $26. 7 billionand people a

11、re making thosepurchases for their moral senses as much as their tongues.Yet a new meta-analysis in Nature does the math and comes to a hard conclusion: organic farming produces 25% fewer crops on average than conventional agriculture.In the Nature analysis, scientists performed an analysis of 66 st

12、udies comparingconventional and organic methods across 34 different crop species, from fruits tograins. They found that organic farming delivered a lower output for every crop type, though the difference varied widely. For crops like fruit trees, organic trailed（落后 于 ）conventional agriculture by jus

13、t 5%. Yet for major grain crops and vegetables all of which provide the world s main calories conventional agriculture outperformed organics by more than 25%.What that means is that while organic farming may be more sustainable thanconventional agriculture, there are trade-offs（ 此消彼长 ）with each. So

14、an ideal global agriculture system may borrow the best from both systems rather than upholding merely organic or conventional practices.【文章大意】 有机食品越来越受欢迎 , 人们认为它们更健康、更美味。一个理想的全球农业系统可以从有机农业和传统农业中获得最好的利益, 而不是仅仅支持有机或常规的做法。1. What do we know about conventional farming?A. It produces more crops with fewe

15、r fertilisers.B. It achieves efficiency at a huge cost to the environment.C. If offers a long-term solution to global demand for food.D. It performs far better for each crop type than organic farming.【解析】 选 B。 推理判断题。根据第二段Since the mid-19th century, conventionalindustrial agriculture has becomeincred

16、ibly efficient on a simple land to food basis.和第三段最后一句 This also makes conventional farming one of the major threats to the environment. 可知 , 传统农业以牺牲环境的巨大代价来实现生产效率。2. What does the author most probably agree with?A. Employing organic farming to plant rice.B. Adopting organic practices to grow potato

17、.C. Using conventional methods to plant cabbage.D. Applying conventional farming to grow apple.可知作者最可能同意用传统的方【解析】 选 C。 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后两句 For crops like fruit trees, organic trailed conventional agriculture by just 5%. Yet for major grain crops and vegetables all of which provide the world s main cal

18、ories conventional agriculture outperformed organics by more than 25%.法种植卷心菜。3. Which of the following shows the development of ideas in this passage?CP: Central PointP: PointSp: Sub-point（ 次要点） C: Conclusion【解析】选Ao细节理解题。第一段是文章的中心论点，有机食品越来越受欢迎，因为它们被认为更健康、更美味；文章第23段阐述了对 conventional agriculture的观点，4

19、6段阐述了从 conventional agriculture 向organic farming的转变及新的研究发明，两部分分别阐述了两种农业的利弊；最后一段得出结论，一个理想的全球农业系统可以从两个系统 中获益，而不是仅仅靠支持有机或常规的做法。4. What ' s the author ' s purpose of writing the passage?A. To compare two types of farming.B. To criticize conventional agriculture.C. To discuss the development of f

20、arming.D. To argue for a realistic agriculture system.【解析】选D写作意图题。根据最后一段可知作者写本文的目的是主张建立一个现实的农业体系。What' s the biggest online shopping day inthe world? Not Valentine ' s Day. NotCyber Monday or Black Friday. The winner is China's Singles ' Day, celebrated onNovember 11, or 11. 11.Singl

21、es ' Day began as a day for unmarriedor uncoupled people to celebrate theirlives. Single students, looking for an excuse to buy themselves presents, startedit on November 11, 1993, reported The Guardian. It is symbolized by the four number ones in the date of November 11 and is also called Doubl

22、e Eleven, in reference to the day it was started, said the BBC. It became a major shopping day in 2009. TheCEO of an online shopping site Alibaba tried to increase sales at the e-commerce company. The CEO, Daniel Zhang, launched an annual online sale on that day, said Fortune . When it first began,

23、“Singles ' Day was very much an offline comfort for actual single people, " noted the website Atlas Obscura. A small group of students at Nanjing University are said to have chosen 11.11 as a day that singles could do activities like karaoke together. It quickly became a cultural phenomenon

24、.Last year, Alibaba sold more than $1 billion worth of products in the first three minutes of the sales, reportedBloomberg News Total sales on Singles ' Day soaredto $9 bil lion within 24 hours. That ' s four times bigger than Cyber Monday in the U. S. , which is the Monday after Thanksgivin

25、g and traditionally a big shopping day.By comparison, online sales in the U. S. last year on Black Friday were just $1.5 billion, reportedTechCrunch.Today, Singles ' Day is very successful. Analysts say that this year, sales on China' s Singles ' Day will increase to a new high. In the U

26、. S. , Jennifer Wang, a co-founder of a company targeting Chinese- Americans, said, “We expect to have 3 million people coming to click our site for the Singles ' Day launch. " Someobservers think Singles ' Day could catch on globally.【文章大意】 文章讲述“双11”成为世界销售量最多的购物节的过程和具体情况。5. How did the

27、 author introduce the topic of the passage?A. By describing a holiday.B. By asking a question.C. By making a list.D. By telling a story.【解析】 选Bo 推理判断题。根据开头What' s the biggest online shopping day in theworld? Not Valentine ' s Day. Not Cyber Monday or Black Friday. 可知作者采用了提 问题的方式引出文章的话题。因此选Bo

28、6. What ' s the second paragra ph mainly about?A. How Singles ' Day came into being.B. Why Singles ' Day became popular.C. When Singles ' Day was started.D. Who first celebrated Singles ' Day.【解析】 选A。段落大意题。根据第二段Singles ' Day began as a day for unmarried oruncoupled people to

29、celebrate their lives. Single students, looking for an excuseto buy themselves presents, started it on November 11, 1993 和下文的 It is symbolizedby the four number ones in the date of November 11 and is also called Double Eleven,in reference to the day it was started可知本段介绍的是"双 11”节日的产生,因此答案选Ao7. W

30、hy did China ' s Singles ' Day become a major shopping day?A. Because singles celebrated their happy lives on November 11.B. Because students at Nanjing University took part in activities together.C. Because an annual online sale was started on that day byAlibaba .D. Because single students

31、chose that day to buy themselves gifts.【解析】选a 推理判断题。根据第二段可知在中国“双11”成为购物节是因为当天有网上促销活动。8. Which of the following can best replace the word“soared" in Paragraph 3?A. Increased sharply.B. Decreased quickly.C. Returned gradually.D. Appeared suddenly.【解析】选Ao词义猜测题。画线单词所在句子的意思是“在双 11当天总销售额在24小时 内飙升到90亿

32、美元”，因此soared意思是"飙升，骤然上升"，和"Increased sharply " 同义。n.阅读填句根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Have you ever had a wonderful idea and thought it would make a great invention,but didn ' t know what to do next? 1 They will help you make your dreams come true and become a famo

33、us inventor.The first thing that you should do is do some research on the Internet to see if anyone else has invented it. If not, you should search through the U. S. Patent （专禾 1 ） information to see if a patent was ever created for your type of invention.2 The easiest thing to do is working with an

34、 agency（代理机构 ）that can help youto make your dreams a reality.It can help you present your ideas and get your product to the right companies.One agency that is very reputable （ 声誉好的）is “Lambert in Minnesota ” .3If they think your product is marketable （有销路的）,they will help you to getit to the right c

35、ompany. Call the agency and make an appointment. You will want to bring in a model of your invention and a complete description of your ideas.4Then when you meet with them, you can present it and they will tell you how marketable it is. If they decide to help you, they will work to present it to dif

36、ferent companies and help you to go to the next step. Once your invention has been sold to a large company, get ready to get the benefits of becoming the next great inventor. 5 But the benefits are worth the wait.A. It may take a year or two.B. If not, go to the next step.C. You will find something

37、new on the Internet.D. You will be the next inventor.E. Write down exactly about your invention.F. Here are some steps that you can take.G. They offer free advice for good ideas.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。很多人有好点子，但是不知道如何把好点子变成伟大的发明，文章对此提出了几点建议。1 .【解析】 选F。根据本段第一句可知很多人有很棒的想法，认为自己的想法会成为伟大的发明，但是不知道该如何去做。横线句要把上下文串联起

38、来，F项"Here are somesteps thatyou can take.下面是你可以采取的步骤。”承上启下。2 .【解析】 选Bo本段告诉我们首先要对自己的发明项目进行研究，查看是否已经有人发明出类似的物品。如果没有 ，查一下相关的专利情况。如果没有类似的专利被申请，那么你就可以继续做下一步工作。故 B项“If not, go to the next step."符合上下文语境。3 .【解析】选 G。根据前句 One agency that is very reputable is "Lambert in Minnesota". 可知"

39、;Lambert in Minnesota "是一家声誉非常好的代理机构。本句应该介绍这一机构的良好服务，故G项"They offer free advice for good ideas.他们会为好点子提供免费建议。”与之对应。4 .【解析】选E。根据前句可知你和代理机构联系好了以后，你要带着模型以及对这个好点子的叙述。最好是把你的想法确切地写下来，然后与对方交流。故 E项“Write downexactlyabout your invention. " 与上下文语境一致。5 .【解析】选A。此处表示：如果你的发明被某一公司购买 ，那么你只要等待发明给你带来 的

40、好处即可。虽然等待的时间可能会比较长，但这样的等待是值得的。故 A项“It may takea year or two. “ 符合上下文语境。教师 专用(2020 眉山高二检测)One of the unforgettable cultural events to Chinese people in the year 2016 wasprobably that the "24 Solar Terms " 1. (recognize) as a World IntangibleCultural Heritage (世界非物质文化遗产).The "24 Solar T

41、erms " is also known as the fifth great 2. (invent) of China, coming after paper-making, printing, gunpowder and compass.It shows 3. ancient wisdom of dividing time based on the sun' s position. Among the 24 terms, the “Start of Spring ""Start of Summer ""Start of Autumn ”and “Start of Winter" divide a year into four seasons, each of 4. is divided into six solar terms. In old days, they are important 5.(instruction)for the agricultural