九年级英语中考总复习之语法篇：（六）动词与其时态人教四年制版知识精讲

1、用心 爱心 专心九年级英语九年级英语中考总复习之语法篇：（六）动词与其时态中考总复习之语法篇：（六）动词与其时态人教四年制人教四年制版版【本讲教育信息本讲教育信息】一. 教学内容：中考英语总复习之语法篇：（六）动词与其时态 二. 重难点讲解：（一）几类常考的动词1. 使役动词和感官动词类。这类动词接不带 to 的不定式作宾补，表动作已完成或其全过程；接-ing 分词作宾补，表动作正在进行。在主动结构中宾补不带 to，但在被动接构中需加上 to。它们是：see，look at，watch，notice，observe，hear，feel，listen to，make 等。例如：I saw the

2、 men playing football.He often heard this song sung by the famous actress.He often made his sister cry, but this time he was made to cry by his sister.2. 后接不定式类。这类动词常接不定式作宾语。它们是：afford，agree，ask，choose，decide，determine，expect，hope，learn，manage，offer，pretend，promise，refuse，want，wish 等。例如：He cant affo

3、rd to buy such an expensive car.Tom managed to cut down dozens of trees.3. 后接动名词类。此类动词后接动名词作宾语。它们是：cant help，enjoy，finish，give up，imagine，keep，mind，miss，practice，put off，suggest，be good at doing，thank you for doing sth，give up doing， be busy doing，feel like doing，be afraid of doing sth，be interested

4、 in doing 等。例如：We couldnt help laughing when we heard the story.He is always practicing playing the piano after school.4. 系动词类。动词作系动词用时，后面常接形容词或名词，此时动词没有进行时和被动语态。它们是：appear，become，feel，look，sound，seem，taste，prove，remain，smell，grow，turn，go，come，run，fall，make，continue，stand，lie，sit，exist 等，例如：The dish

5、 looks good and smells good.Cotton feels soft.He looks sad at the mews and looked at me sadly.5. 瞬间非延续类。瞬间动词（又叫终止性动词、界限性动词或非延续性动词）表不能延续的动作，在肯定句中不与表达一段时间的状语连用。它们是：go，come，leave，start，return， begin，arrive，stop，finish，borrow，lend，open，close，die，become，break，join，kill， marry，graduate 等。例如：They have been

6、 friends since they met in Shanghai.用心 爱心 专心My grandfather has been dead for ten years.（二）动词的时态英语时态用共有十六种时态，其中常考的有 8 种，它们是：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、现在完成时、过去进行时、过去完成时和过去将来时。1.一般现在时的基本用法a. 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。时间状语： every， sometimes，at，on Sunday，always，often，usually 等。I leave home for school at 7 e

7、very morning.b. 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。The earth moves around the sun.Shanghai lies in the east of China.c. 表示格言或警句中。Pride goes before a fall.注意：注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。例：Columbus proved that the earth is round.d. 在时间状语从句或条件状语从句中，一般现在时代替一般将来时。 Ill help you as soon as you have problem. Tell Xi

8、ao Li about it if you meet him. 2. 一般过去时的用法： 表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内所发生的动作或情况，通常一般过去式带有表示动作时间状语的词，词组或从句，如 yesterday，the day before yesterday，last week，two days ago， just now，a moment ago，in 1990，this morning 等。 I worked in that factory last year. 此外， “used to”也可用于表示过去曾经存在过的状态。例如：This river used to be clean.

9、3. 一般将来时的用法a. 表示将来的动作或状态。例如： I shall attend the meeting tomorrow. b. 表示将来的意愿，决心，许诺， 命令等时常用 will，征求对方意见，主语是第一人称时，常用 shall。I will do my best to catch up with them. Shall I open the door?c. be + going + 动词不定式。也是一种将来时句型，表示打算，计划，最近或将来要作的某事。 I am going to Beijing next week. d. be + 动词不定式。表示有职责，义务，可能，约定，意图

10、等。 There is to be a meeting this afternoon. We are to meet the guests at the station. e. be about + 动词不定式，表示马上，很快作某事。 They are about to leave. 4. 现在进行时的用法 a. 现在进行时的用法表示说话者说话时正在发生或者进行的动作。 用心 爱心 专心What are you doing now? I am looking for my key. b. 现在进行时表示目前一段时间内正在进行的动作（但说话时这个动作不一定在进行）。 The students a

11、re preparing for the examination. c. 某些动词的现在进行时可以表示即将发生的动作，这些动词有 arrive，come，leave， start 等。 They are going to Hong Kong tomorrow. 注意：注意：有些动词一般不可以用于进行时态 表示状态的动词，尤其是静态动词，如：be，have 表示认识、知觉和情感的动词，如：know，think，hear，find，see，like，want，wish，prefer 5. 现在完成时的用法 a. 现在完成时表示在说话之前已经完成或刚完成的动作。 I have bought a te

12、n-speed bicycle. They have cleaned the classroom. b. 现在完成时表示动作从过去开始持续到现在，或者还有可能持续下去的动作或状态。 现在完成时常与 for 和 since 引导的短语或从句连用。 We have lived here since 1976. They have waited for more than two hours. 注意：注意：一般过去时与现在完成时的区别过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调某一动作在过去发生；现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响；一般过去时常与具体的时间状语

13、连用。试比较：I saw this film yesterday.（强调看的动作发生过了，不涉及现在）I have seen this film. （强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。 ）6. 过去进行时的用法 表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。例如：I was watching TV when she came to see me. 注意：注意：过去进行时和一般过去时都是过去发生的事情，但过去进行时侧重表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作或所处的状态，强调动作的连续进行，而一般过去时则表示单纯的过去事实，例如：They were building a house last month. （上

14、个月正在建造，建造好与否不知）They built a new house last month. （上个月建造好了，动作已经完成）7. 过去完成时的用法 过去完成时表示过去某一时刻或某一动作之前完成的动作或所处的状态，过去完成时常和 by 2000，before，by the end of last year，by the time 等词组成的短语和从句连用。 We had already learned two thousand words by the end of last year. When we arrived at the station, they had waited fo

15、r more than twenty minutes. 8. 过去将来时的用法过去将来时表示从过去某个时间看将要发生的动作或存在地状态，过去将来时较多地被运用在宾语从句中。例如：They were going to have a meeting.I told him that I would see him off at the station.用心 爱心 专心【典型例题典型例题】1. Im interested in animals, so I _ every Saturday working in an animal hospital.A. pay B. get C. take D. sp

16、end答案：答案：D。该题考查的是 pay, get, take spend 这四个动词的用法区别。在这四个动词中，只有 spend 常用于 “spendding sth.”的句型里，所以选 D。2. Listen Helen is singing in the next room.It _ be Helen. She has gone to Beijing.A. cant B. mustnt C. may D. should答案：答案：A。该题考查的是情态动词的用法。表示否定地推测通常用 cant。3. I called you yesterday evening, but there wa

17、s no answer.Oh, I am sorry I _ dinner at my friends house.A. have B. had C. was having D. have had答案：答案：C。该题考查的是动词的时态。他们谈论的是昨天晚上某一时刻发生的事情，所以用过去进行时。4. How long have you _ the motorbike?For about two weeks.A. bought B. had C. borrowed D. lent答案：答案：B。该题考查的是延续性动词和非延续性动词的用法区别。这四个动词中只有had 是延续性动词，它的现在完成时可以

18、同表示一段时间的时间状语连用。5. Do you know if _back next week? If he _back, please let me know. A. he comes; will come B. will he come; comesC. he will come; comes D. will he come; will come答案：答案：C。if 既可引导宾语从句，也可引导状语从句。充当宾语从句的连接词时，相当于 whether，词义是“是否” 。充当状语从句的连接词时，词义是“如果” 。从时态看，if引导宾语从句时谓语动词的时态应根据主句的时态作相应的变化；引导表示

19、将来动作或状态的条件句时，若主句用一般将来时，则从句通常用一般现在时表示将来。6. When _this kind of computer _ ?Last year. A. did; use B. was; used C. is; used D. are; used答案：答案：B。此例由下句的时间状语推断出一般过去时态，并且要考虑到被动语态。7. The teacher told us yesterday that December 25_Christmas Day. A. is B. was C. has been D. will be答案：答案：A。有些动词其动词的时态是“违背常理”的。如

20、宾语从句表示的是一个客观事实或客观真理时，其时态不受主句限制而用一般现在时表示。8. He studied hard and _ pass the examination . A . could able to B . could C . was able to D . ought答案：答案：C。be able to 含有“经过努力而完成某一动作”的意思，相当于 manage to do 或 succeed in doing，而 can 只“单纯地表示能力或可能” 。【模拟试题模拟试题】单选1. My father went to shanghai yesterday. he _ back i

21、n two weeks.A. comes B . has come C. will come D. came用心 爱心 专心2. Its spring now. the students _ trees these weeks.A. plant B. are planting C. will plant D. planted 3. _ you _ your book to the library?yes. I returned it yesterday.A. Did, return B. Have, returned C. Will, return D. Do, return4. Must I

22、 finish it now? No, you _.A. mustnt B. neednt C. cant D. shouldnt5. Though its cloudy now, it _ get sunny later.A. can B. may C. must D. need6. I called you last night but no one answered the phone.I _ dinner with my friends in the restaurant.A. have B. had C. was having D. have had7. If you have lo

23、st a library book, you have to _ it.A find out B. look after C. pay for D. take care8. He will call me as soon as he _ the city.A. reaches B. reached C. will reach D. is reaching 9. The cup _off the table and broke.A. was felt B. fell C. was fallen D. dropped10. Dont worry. Ive already_ the doctor.A

24、. waited for B. sent for C. passed on D. asked for11. My parents have lived here _. A. since 1952 B. for many years ago C. many yeas ago D. since 1952 ago 12. So far, she _ her holiday very much. A. hasnt enjoyed B. didnt enjoy C. doesnt enjoy D. was not enjoy 13. “Your arm is bleeding ！” “Yes, I _

25、it with a knife.” A. hurt B. was hurting C. have just hurt D. had hurt 14. I will come when I _ free. A. will be B. shall be C. was D. am 15. When I arrived in Birmingham the sun _. A. has been shining B. shone C. has shone D. was shining 16. By the end of last term, We _ 2, 500 words. A. had learne

26、d B. has learned C. has been learned D. learned 17. When we got to the airport, we found that the plane _. A. had already taken off B. already took off C. was already taken off D. was already taking off 18. It was December 20. In five days it would be Christmas Day. The Lord Mayor , together with ov

27、erseas students, _ to celebrate it . A. was going B. will go 用心 爱心 专心C. is going D. went 19. While I _ my breakfast the morning post came. A. had had B. had been having C. was having D. have had 20. Twelve inches _ one foot. A. make B. makes C. is making D. will make 词的适当形式填空。1. What does he want _ （be） ? A nurse. 2. Hey ,Tom .Its time _（take）walks .3. Is it easy _（keep）a balance of yin and yang ?4. Where do you plan _（spend）your vacation ?5. Youre often late for school .Can you try _（