外文翻译--煤炭开采技术

1、外文翻译- 煤炭开采技术英文翻译原文在当今科技经济发展的新形势下煤炭开采技术的研究必须面向国内国外两个市场面向经济建设主战场立足于煤炭开采技术的前沿立足于中国煤炭发展战略所必要的技术储备立足于煤炭工业中长期发展战略所必须的关键技术的攻关立足于煤炭工业工程实际问题的解决重点从事中长期研究开发和技术储备跟踪产业科技前沿开发有自主知识产权的以煤矿开采技术及配套装备为主导的核心技术占领技术制高点1 采煤方法和工艺采煤方法和工艺的进步和完善始终是采矿学科发展的主题采煤工艺的发展将带动煤炭开采各环节的变革现代采煤工艺的发展方向是高产高效高安全性和高可靠性基本途径是使采煤技术与现代高新技术相结合研究开发强力

2、高效安全可靠耐用智能化的采煤设备和生产监控系统改进和完善采煤工艺在发展现代采煤工艺的同时继续发展多层次多样化的采煤工艺建立具有中国特色的采煤工艺理论我国长壁采煤方法已趋成熟放顶煤采煤的应用在不断扩展应用水平和理论研究的深度和广度都在不断提高急倾斜不稳定地质构造复杂等难采煤层采煤方法和工艺的研究有很大空间主要方向是改善作业条件提高单产和机械化水平开发煤矿高效集约化生产技术建设生产高度集中高可靠性的高产高效矿井开采技术以提高工作面单产和生产集中化为核心以提高效率和经济效益为目标研究开发各种条件下的高效能高可靠性的采煤装备和工艺简单高效可靠的生产系统和开采布置生产过程监控与科学管理等相互配套的成套开

3、采技术发展各种矿井煤层条件下的采煤机械化进一步改进工艺和装备提高应用水平和扩大应用范围提高采煤机械化的程度和水平2 开发浅埋深硬顶板硬煤层高产高效现代开采成套技术主要解决以下技术难题硬顶板控制技术研究埋深浅地压小的硬厚顶板控制技术主要通过岩层定向水力压裂倾斜深孔爆破等顶板快速处理技术使直接顶能随采随冒提高顶煤回收率且基本顶能按一定步距垮落既有利于顶煤破碎又保证工作面的安全生产硬厚顶煤控制技术研究开发埋深浅支承压力小条件硬厚顶煤的快速处理技术包括高压注水压裂技术和顶煤深孔预爆破处理技术使顶煤体能随采随冒提高其回收率顶煤冒放性差块度大的综放开采成套设备配套技术研制既有利于顶煤破碎和顶板控制又有利于

4、放顶煤的新型液压支架合理确定后部输送机能力两硬条件下放顶煤开采快速推进技术研究合适的综放开采回采工艺优化工序缩短放煤时间提高工作面的推进度实现高产高效5,55m 宽煤巷锚杆支护技术通过宽煤巷锚杆支护技术的研究开发和应用有利于综采配套设备的大功率和重型化有助于连续采煤机的应用促进工作面的高产高效3 缓倾斜薄煤层长壁开采主要研究开发体积小功率大高可靠性的薄煤层采煤机刨煤机研制适合刨煤机综采的液压支架研究开发薄煤层工作面的总体配套技术和高效开采技术4 缓倾斜厚煤层一次采全厚大采高长壁综采应进一步加强完善支架结构及强度加强支架防倒防滑防止顶梁焊缝开裂和四连杆变形防止严重损坏千斤顶措施等的研究提高支架的

5、可靠性缩小其与中厚煤层采高3m左右高产高效指标的差距5 各种综采高产高效综采设备保障系统要实现高产高效就要提高开机率对支架围岩系统采运设备进行监控今后研究的重点是通过电液控制阀组操纵支架和改善支架围岩系统控制进一步完善液压信息支架位态顶板状态支护质量信息的自动采集系统乳化液泵站及液压系统运行状态的检测诊断采煤机在线与离线相结合的油磨屑监测和温度电信号的监测带式输送机刮板输送机全面状态监控2 深矿井开采技术深矿井开采的关键技术是煤层开采的矿压控制冲击地压防治瓦斯和热害治理及深井通风井巷布置等需要攻关研究的是深井围岩状态和应力场及分布状态的特征深井作业场所工作环境的变化深井巷道特别是软岩巷道快速掘

6、进与支护技术与装备深井冲击地压防治技术与监测监控技术深矿井高产高效开采有关配套技术深矿井开采热害治理技术与装备3 三下采煤技术提高数值模拟计算和相似材料模拟等深入研究开采上覆岩层运动和地表沉陷规律研究满足地表建筑物地下水资源保护需要的合理的开采系统和优化参数发展沉降控制理论和关键技术包括用地表废料向垮落法工作面采空区充填的系统研究与应用各种充填技术和组合充填技术村庄房屋加固改造重建技术适于村庄保护的开采技术研究近水体开采的开采设计工艺参数优化和装备提出煤炭开采与煤矿城市和谐统一的开采沉陷控制开采村庄下压煤土地复垦和矿井水资源化等关键技术4 优化巷道布置减少矸石排放的开采技术改进完善现有采煤方法

7、和开采布置以实现开采效益最大化为目标研究开发煤矿地质条件开采巷道布置及工艺技术评价体系专家系统实现开采方法开采布置与煤层地质条件的最优匹配总结推广神华集团大柳塔矿潞安漳村矿实行全煤巷布置单一煤层开采矸石基本不运出地面生产系统大大简化分别实现无轨胶轮单轨吊辅助运输一条龙从井口直达工作面同时实现了综采与综掘同步发展生产效率大幅提高的经验的同时重点研究高产高效矿井开拓部署与巷道布置系统的优化简化巷道布置优化采区及工作面参数研究单一煤层集中开拓集中准备集中回采的关键技术大幅度降低岩巷掘进率多开煤巷减少出矸率研究矸石在井下直接处理作为充填材料的技术既是减少污染的一项有力措施又简化了生产系统有利于高产高效

8、集中化开采应加紧研究1 进一步完善采场围岩控制理论以科学合理优化高效的岩层控制技术来保证开采活动的安全高效低成本为目标深入总结我国几十年的矿山压力研究成果以理论分析 解析法 现代数学力学统计分析预测数值法和实测法相结合运用先进的计算机技术深入研究各种煤层地质及开采条件如急倾斜大采高大采深采场矿山压力显现规律及围岩破坏与平衡机理不断完善采场围岩控制技术2 研究坚硬顶板与破碎顶板条件下应用高技术低成本岩层控制技术目前由于应用高压注水深孔预裂爆破处理坚硬顶板和应用化学加固技术存在工艺复杂成本高的问题因而需进一步研究开发新技术新工艺新材料来解决这些问题3 放顶煤开采岩层和支架围岩相互作用机理研究放顶煤

9、开采力学模型围岩应力顶煤破碎机理支架顶煤直接顶基本顶相互作用关系运用离散元等方法研究顶煤放落规律提出放煤优化准则和提高顶煤回收率的途径4 支护质量与顶板动态监测技术在总结缓倾斜中厚长壁工作面开展支护质量与顶板动态监测方面应进一步在坚硬顶板破碎顶板急倾斜放顶煤工作面开展支护质量与顶板动态监测同时应不断完善现有的监测技术发展智能化监测系统改进监测仪表使监测仪表向直观轻便小型化方向发展5 冲击地压的预测和防治通过计算机模拟研究冲击性矿压显现发生的机理进一步完善冲击性矿压显现监测系统发展遥控测量和预报技术完善冲击性矿压综合防治措施的优化选择专家系统6 研究开发新型的支护设备研究硬煤层硬顶板放顶煤液压支

10、架完善液压支架性能和快速移架系统开发耐炮崩轻型化单体液压支柱和厚煤层巷道锚索和可伸缩锚杆7 小煤矿技术改造和机械化开采技术实施国家关闭小煤矿淘汰落后生产技术和生产设备提高平均单井规模的技术政策开发小型煤矿机械化半机械化开采技术和装备改进小煤矿的采煤方法和开采工艺提高采煤工作面的单产和工效提高小煤矿的顶底板控制技术水平最大限度地减少顶 底板事故率8 煤炭地下气化技术煤炭地下气化技术是将处于地下的煤炭进行有控制的燃烧通过对煤的热化学作用而产生可燃气体的过程煤炭地下气化技术属于一种特殊的采煤方法它属国际首创 煤炭地下气化技术具有投资少工期短见效快用人少效率高成本低效益好等优点尤其 适合我国煤矿地质条

11、件复杂劣质煤比例高三下压煤严重的具体国情具有广阔的推广应用前景应继续研究完善长通道大断面两阶段和矿井式气化两种典型煤炭地下气化工艺进行较大规模的地下气化试验研究摸索实现两个控制三个稳定的技术途径并实现连续稳定生产探索应用的途径英文翻译译文Nowadays science and technology the new situation of the economic development under coals mining a technical research has to be faced to domestic foreign two markets and faced to wa

12、s constuct by main battlefield have a foothold in the coal mine technical of before follow have a foothold the development is in the Chinese coal strategy necessity of technique storage have a foothold strategic in the longterm development in the coal industry have to of the key offends a pass techn

13、ically have a foothold the industrial engineering is in the coal is actual the problem resolve the point be engaged in in the long-term research develop to store and technique before following the industry science and technology follow develop to have an independent intelligent property right of wit

14、h the coal mine mine the technique and the kitmaterial for predominant core technique capture technique system a little bit high1 adopt the coal method and craftAdopt the coal method and the progress of the craft with perfect is the topic that the always opencast academics developThe development tha

15、t adopts the coal craft will arouse the change that the coal mines each link moderns adopting the development direction of the coal craft is highto produceefficientlyhigh safety with high and dependable the basic path makes to adopt a high new technique of the coal technique and modern to combine to

16、gether studying to destrongdintefficientlysafetycredibilityenduringthe intelligence turn of adopt the coal equipments and production to supervise and control system improve with perfect adopt a coal craftContinue to develop multilayers at the time of developping a modern to adopt the coal craftdiver

17、sification of adopt the coal craft the establishment hasChinese special features to adopt coal craft theoriesThe our country is long the wall adopt the coal method to have already tend mature put a coal to adopt coal of the application Be expanding continuously applying the depth of the level and th

18、eories research with wide degree all Be raising continuously nasty tilt to one side unsteadythe geology structure complications etc is difficult to adopt coal seam to adopt the coal method and the research of the craft contain very big space themain direction improves the homework condition raising

19、a list to produce with mechanization levelDevelop coal mine efficiently intensive turn a production techniquethe construction produce height concentrationhigh credibility of high produce efficiently the mineral well to mine a techniqueProduce by raising the work noodles list and produce concentratio

20、n to change into core with lift high-efficiency with economic performance for target study to develop under various condition of high performancethe high credibility adopt the coal material and craft simpleefficientlydependable production system with mine a decoration produce a distance to supervise

21、 and control to manage etc and science the kit is mutually of the set mine a technique develop under various mineral well coal seam condition of adopt the coal mechanization further improvement craft and material raise applied level and extend an application raise to adopt the degree and the level o

22、f the coal mechanization2 the development"shallow cover up deeply hard crest the plankhard coal seam is high to produce efficiently modern mine a set a technique" mainly solve a following technique hard nut to crackHard crest the plank control technique the research covers up a depthground

23、 to press a small hard and thick crest the plank control technique mainly pressing and tilting to one side deep bore to blow up through the rock strata definite direction water power etc crest the plank dispatch a technique make direct crest can with adopt with emitexaltation crest the coal recovery

24、 rate and the basic crest can press certain step to be apart from to fall since be advantageous to a coal broken up promise the safe production of the work noodles againHard and thick crest the coal control technique the research development covers up a depth and pays to accept a hard and thick cres

25、t of small condition of pressure the dispatch of coal technique includinghigh pressure to note the water pressure technique and crest coal deep bore to prepare to blow up the processing technique make a coal physique with adopt with emit raise its recovery rateCrest the coal emit to put sex badpiece

26、 degree the big release to adopt a set the equipments kit technique develop since be advantageous to a coal broken up with crest plank control and then be advantageous to the new liquid that puts a crest coal to press a support the empress of the reasonable assurance the department transport functio

27、n dintUnder two hard conditions put a coal to mine fast push forward a technique study suitable to release to adopt back to adopt a craft excellent chemical engineering preface shorten to put the coal time exaltation the work noodles of the propulsion degree carry out high produce efficientlyThe 5-5

28、5 m breadth coal lane anchor man pole protects a technique protecting the technical research development and application through the breadth coal lane anchor man pole be advantageous to the adopts the kit equipments of the big power and heavy type turn contributing to continuously an application of

29、adopt the coal machine promote the work noodles of high produce efficiently3 tilt to one side long wall of thin coal seam to mine slowlyMain research developmentThe physical volume is smallpower the thin coal seam ofwith big and high credibility adopt coal machine and plane coal machineThe liquid th

30、at develops to suit to plane the coal machine toadopt presses a supportThe research develops the total kit technique of the thin coal seam work noodles with mine a technique efficiently4 tilt to one side thick coal seam slowly once to adopt whole thick adopt high and long wall to adopt greatlyShould

31、 strengthen the perfect support structure and strength further add a strong support to defend to pourantiskidkeep a beam from sew to open with four connect a pole to transformprevent?from the serious damage jack measure research ofwith etc suggest the credibility of the high support contract the mar

32、gin that it is high with medium thick coal seam adopt a high 3 ms or so to produce efficiently index sign5 various adopt high produce efficiently to adopt equipments guarantee systemWant to carry out to be high to produce efficiently will raise to switch on a rate to the "support- round a rock&

33、quot; systemadopt the luck equipments to carry on supervisionThe point that will study from now on BEManipulate a support and change through the electricity liquid control valve set well"support- round a rock" system control the further perfect liquid presses an informationthe support cres

34、t plank appearancepay to protect the quality information of from move to collect systemThe examination that emulsifies the liquid pump station and liquid to press the system movement appearance examine a patientAdopt the coal machine on-line and off-line monitor ofwith"oil- whet scraps" mo

35、nitor and temperaturethe telecommunication number for combine togetherThe take type transports machine and pare off plank to transport overallappearance of machine supervision2 deep mineral wells mine a techniqueThe key technique that the deep mineral well mine BEThe mineral that the coal seam mine

36、presses a controlpound at ground to press the prevention and curegas and heat to harm to manage and the deep well breezethe well lane decorationetcDemands offending what pass study BEThe deep well rounds the rock appearance with should the dint field and distribute the characteristic of the appearan

37、ceThe variety of homework place work environment in deep wellThe deep well tunnel especially soft rock tunnel digs quickly into with pay to protect the technique and materialImpact ground in deep well presses the prevention and cure technique and monitor to supervise and control a techniqueThe deep

38、mineral well is high to produce to mine a concerning kit technique efficientlyThe deep mineral well mines heat to harm to manage the technique and material3 three times"s adopt a coal techniqueThe exaltation number imitates the calculation and alike material to imitate etc the thorough research

39、 mines to exercise to sink to sink regulation and earths surface up the rock strata studying a full foot earths surfacebuildingthe groundwater resources protection to need of reasonable of mine system with excellent turn parameter develop to sinkto decline the control theories and the key technique

40、include to use the earths surface waste toward to fall the method work noodles to adoptthe system that the empty area fillResearch and apply various to fill technique and combination to fill a technique the village house reinforces the reformation reconstruction technique being suitable for the vill

41、age protection to mine a techniqueStudy the near water body mine of mine a designthe craft parameter is excellent to turn with the material putting forward coal to mine to unify with the coal mine city diapason of mine to sink to sink a control and mine a village to descend to press coalland to repl

42、y key techniques such as and the mineral well water recyclingetc4 excellent turn the tunnel decoration reduce the stone to exhaustof mine a techniqueImprovementperfect and existing adopt the coal method and mine a decoration with the realization mine a performance biggest change into a target resear

43、ch development the coal mine geology condition mine the tunnel decoration and the craft technique evaluation system expert system carrying out to mine methodmine to decoration and the coal seam geology condition of superior matchSummary expansion the absolute being group big LIU3 TA3 GONG3 the Anne

44、Tsun mineral practice the whole coal lane to set out single coal seam to mine the stone basic not deliver a ground of side produce system consumedly simplify respectively carry out to have no a track gumroundsingle track hang an assistance to transport a dragon from the mouth of a well go directly t

45、o the work noodles in the meantime carry out adopt to dig a synchronous development with produce an efficiency significantly raise of empirical of in the meantime point research high produce efficiently the mineral well expand deployment set out system with tunnel of excellent turn simplification tu

46、nnel decoration excellent turn adopt the area and the work noodles parameter study single coal seam gather win expand concentration preparationconcentrate return to the key technique for adopt significant lower the rock lane dig into rate open the coal lane more reduce a rateStudy the stone a direct

47、 processing under the well and Be the technique that the fills material since is reduce polluting emollient measure and then simplify production system be advantageous to high produce to concentrate to turn to mine efficiently should step up a research5 adopt a field to round a rock control techniqu

48、e1 further perfect adopt a field to round rock control theoriesWith science is reasonable and excellent to turn efficiently of the rock strata control technique to promise a safety of mine the activityefficientlylow cost is target thorough summary our country the mineral mountain pressure of several

49、 decades research result with theories analysis solution the method modern mathematics mechanics statistics analysis estimatethe number method with measure a method to combine together the usageforerunners calculator technique actually deep go into study various coal seam geology and mine a conditio

50、n such as nasty tilt to one sideadopt greatly highadopt greatly to adopt a mineral mountain pressure to present regulation and round the rock breakage and equilibrium mechanism deeply continuously perfect adopt a field to round a rock control technique2 study a strong and tough crest plank the lath

51、piece to descend the applied high technique low cost rock strata control technique with the broken up crest Currently because of applied high press to note a waterdeep bore to prepare to blow up to handle a strong and tough crest plank and applied the chemistry reinforce the technique existence craf

52、t complicationscost high problem as a result need the further research development a new techniquenew craftnew material to resolve these problems3 put a coal to mine the rock strata and support-round rock interaction mechanismResearchs putting a coal to mine mechanics model and rounding a rock shoul

53、d the dintcrest mechanism with broken up coalthe support-crest coal-direct crest-basic crest interaction relationMake use of a long-lost dollar the etc method research crest coal to put to fall regulation put forward put coal is excellent to turn standard and exaltation a crest the coal recovery rat

54、e of path4 pay to protect the quality and crest plank dynamic state monitortechniqueIn the aspects of tally up slowly tilt to one side winthickly grow wall work noodles openning the exhibition to protect the quality and crest plank dynamic state monitor should further at strong and tough crest the p

55、lankbroken up crest planknasty tilt to one side and put a coal work noodles to open the exhibition to protect the quality and crest plank dynamic state monitor in the meantime should continuously perfect and existing monitor technique develop intelligence to turn monitor system improvement monitor a

56、ppearance make monitor appearance to keep a vieweasy and convenient and small scaled turn a direction development5 pound at ground the estimate and the prevention and cure for pressPass the mechanism that the calculator emulation research impact mineral presses to present occurrenceFinish to pound a

57、t sex mineral to press to present monitor system well further develop to control from a distance measure and forecast a technique the perfect impact mineral press comprehensive prevention and cure measure of excellent turn choice expert system6 the research develop to pay to protect an equipments ne

58、wlyStudy the hard coal seamhard crest plank puts a coal liquid to press a support the perfect liquid presses the support function with move a system quickly develop to bear cannon to collapsethe light type turn single body fluid to press to pay pillar with the thick coal seam tunnel anchor man and the flex