高考英语中如何写描述现象类说明文

1、English WritingExposition 说明文之现象描述类说明文之现象描述类 说明文说明文是用简洁的文字介绍事物是用简洁的文字介绍事物的特性、构造、变化或结果的文章。的特性、构造、变化或结果的文章。高考中，说明文常见的话题有：高考中，说明文常见的话题有：产品产品介绍、地点描述、现象描述、方位描介绍、地点描述、现象描述、方位描写、变化分析、购物指南和操作说明写、变化分析、购物指南和操作说明等。等。写作这类文章需注意以下几点：写作这类文章需注意以下几点：1. 首先要读题首先要读题审题，审题，弄清需要说明的内弄清需要说明的内容，把握信息要点，容，把握信息要点，不可遗漏也不能随意不可遗漏也

2、不能随意添加。添加。2. 写作内容要条理清楚，层次分明。说写作内容要条理清楚，层次分明。说明明科技科技方面的内容常用方面的内容常用定义法、比较对比定义法、比较对比法、分类法和因果法等法、分类法和因果法等；说明；说明自然环境自然环境方方面的内容常用面的内容常用时空次序法与分类法时空次序法与分类法等。等。3. 时态常用一般现在时，时态常用一般现在时，当然若是介绍当然若是介绍其历史时，要用一般过去时；语态可其历史时，要用一般过去时；语态可能用到能用到被动语态被动语态；若是介绍地点环境；若是介绍地点环境等，要善于运用等，要善于运用there be结构。结构。 在众多说明文中，在众多说明文中，描述现象、

3、提描述现象、提出解决方法类出解决方法类的说明文是高考作文的说明文是高考作文中最为常见的类型。遇到改题目时，中最为常见的类型。遇到改题目时，需要注意严格按照题目要求，分别需要注意严格按照题目要求，分别对该现象或问题进行对该现象或问题进行描述描述（包括其（包括其危害），接着危害），接着提出解决措施提出解决措施，最后，最后进行进行总结总结。 开头：描述现象开头：描述现象/问题问题 开头即首段作为一篇文章的门面，其开头即首段作为一篇文章的门面，其重要性是显而易见的，需要在表达、重要性是显而易见的，需要在表达、选词、句型、书写各方面花功夫，现选词、句型、书写各方面花功夫，现象描述类文章尤为如此。文章一开

4、始，象描述类文章尤为如此。文章一开始，我们就需要对该现象进行描述，语言我们就需要对该现象进行描述，语言需精炼，浅尝辄止，不能过度发挥。需精炼，浅尝辄止，不能过度发挥。 (1) In recent days/ Recently/Nowadays, we have to face the problem that +现象现象/问题问题，which is becoming more and more serious. First/For one thing, 现象现象 A. Second/For another, 现象现象B. In recent days/ Recently/Nowadays, w

5、e have to face the problem that wasting can be seen anywhere on campus，which is becoming more and more serious. First/For one thing, some students leave lights on in the daytime, water running after washing and remains a lot of food after eating on the table. Second/For another, some even ask their

6、parents for more pocket money.(2) There is no denying/doubt that + 现象现象/问题问题 is becoming more and more serious (+地点地点), for example +具体现象具体现象 There is no denying/ doubt that wasting is becoming more and more serious on campus, for examle- (3) With the development of society, most of us have witnesse

7、d + 现象现象/ 现象现象+ has been brought into focus/ 现象现象+ has aroused great concern, which may have a certain influence on the society.2. 2. 主体：提出自己的观点主体：提出自己的观点 主体部分是文章最重要的一部分，主体部分是文章最重要的一部分，主要是分析该现象，或是对如何解决主要是分析该现象，或是对如何解决该问题进行描述，有时题目已给出，该问题进行描述，有时题目已给出，按要求写完适当拓展即可。如没有，按要求写完适当拓展即可。如没有，则需认真思考，并注意所提出方案的则需认

8、真思考，并注意所提出方案的可行性、逻辑性。可行性、逻辑性。A.A.描述现象产生原因描述现象产生原因 （1）The reason why it develops/ happens/ occurs is that + 原因原因 （2）Many reasons/ factors will contribute to the phenomenon. First/ Firstly-; Second/Secondly,- (3) The reason of the phenomenon lies in several aspects.B.B.描述现象产生影响描述现象产生影响 （1）Lots of harm

9、/ benefit is caused/ will be caused by the phenomenon. （2）Many results can be seen because of/ due to/ owing to the phenomenon. First of all, + 影响影响1；Whats worse/ more,+影响影响2；In addition/ Besides, +影影响响3注意：注意：常用的表示因果关系的短语：常用的表示因果关系的短语：as a result/consequence of + +原因；原因； as a result/ consequence + +

10、结果结果; ;because of/ owing to/ due to/ thanks to+ +名词词组名词词组; ;C.提出解决问题措施提出解决问题措施 (1) But how to solve this problem. In my opinion, first of all +方法方法1. Besides/ In addition, +方法方法2. Last but not least, +方法方法3.（2）We should take a series of effective measures to cope/deal/do with the situation. For one

11、thing/On the one hand, +方法方法1. For another/On the other hand +方法方法2. Finally, +方法方法3.(3) When talking about how to solve this problem, every one has his ideas. As far as I am concerned, we should begin with+方法方法1. Furthermore/ Moreover, +方法方法2；Thirdly,+原因原因3. 表达表达“在我看来在我看来”的短语的短语As far as I am conce

12、rned;In my opinion/ eyes/ view;As for me;Personally speaking;As far as I can see;It seems to me that-常用连接词：常用连接词： (1) First/Firstly/ First of all/ To begin with/The most important one is that- (2) Second/ Secondly- Besides/ In addition/ Furthermore/ Moreover- For one thing-For another- On the one ha

13、nd-One the other hand- (3) Third/ Thirdly/ Finally- Last but not least-3. 3. 结尾：总结全文结尾：总结全文 最后对文章进行总结，如对未来进行最后对文章进行总结，如对未来进行展望应该积极向上。展望应该积极向上。A&B All in all; In a word/ conclusion/ short/ As is said/ stated above，I believe +现象现象 should get improved. All in all; In a word/ conclusion/ short/ As is sa

14、id/ stated above，I believe +现象现象 will get improved/ be solved if we all take action from ourselves.C.C.提出解决问题措施提出解决问题措施 All in all/ In a word/ conclusion/ short/As is said/ stated above，I believe the phenomenon of wasting on campus will get improved/ be solved if we all act from ourselves. With the

15、development of society, most of us have witnessed + 现象现象 which may have a certain influence on the society. 模板示例一模板示例一描述现象，阐述影响并说出自己观点描述现象，阐述影响并说出自己观点 First of all, + 影响影响1；Whats worse/ more,+影响影响2；In addition/ Besides, +影影响响3. All in all; In a word/ conclusion/ short/ As is said/ stated above，I bel

16、ieve +现象现象 should get improved. Recently, we have to face the problem that +现象现象/问题，问题，which is becoming more and more serious. First/For one thing, 现象现象 A. Second/For another, 现象现象B.模板示例二模板示例二详细描述现象，并提出解决措施类详细描述现象，并提出解决措施类 But how to solve this problem. In my opinion, first of all +方法方法1. Besides,

17、+方方法法2. Last but not least, +方法方法3. In a word，I believe +现象现象 will get improved/ be solved if we all act from ourselves. With the development of society, 现象现象+ has been brought into focus, which may have a certain influence on the society.模板示例三模板示例三描述现象及产生原因并说出自己观点描述现象及产生原因并说出自己观点 Many reasons/ fact

18、ors will contribute to the phenomenon. For one thing, +原原因因1. For another , +原因原因2. Finally, +原原因因3. In a word，I believe +现象现象 should get improved. 假如你是假如你是A中学高三的学生李华，你中学高三的学生李华，你在坐公车的时候发现越来越多的年轻人在坐公车的时候发现越来越多的年轻人在面对老年人时，选择视而不见，绝不在面对老年人时，选择视而不见，绝不让座。请你给市长写一封信，向他描述让座。请你给市长写一封信，向他描述这一现象，并尝试分析该现象产生的原这一现象，并尝试分析该现象产生的原因及危害，提出解决措施。因及危害，提出解决措施。内容包括：内容包括： 年轻人不让座现象年轻人不让座现象 该现象产生原因及危害