高中英语必修五知识点外研版

1、必修五Module 11. confuseconfuse(vt.)(confuse with/and.)把和混淆 ,L；confusing (adj.)confusion(n.) 联想：(in confusion )困惑地；混乱地,disappoint, embarrass, move, frighten, amaze, interest, surprise, tire, terrify, excite, satisfy,confused (adjL2. compare (v.)-comparison(n.)把 A 和 B 比较 compare A with B把A比作/比喻为B compar

2、eA to B比得上 compare with比起 ,与相比（作状语）compared with /to无与伦比 beyond comparison与一比较 in comparison 相比之下 by comparison3. differ (vi) different(adj.) difference (n.)在方面不同 differ in = be different in区分和 Tell the difference betw een and.不同于 differ from = be different from 和某人在方面 differ with sb. on sth.有影响，使不同

3、 make a difference对,有影响 have an effect on=have an influence on =affect =influenceIt makes a big difference to your life whether you take an optimistic attitude or not.你是否采取乐观的态度对你的人生有很大的影响。4. common有很多/有一些/ 几乎没有/ 没有共同点 have much(a lot)/everything/ nothing(little) incommon和一样 in common with5. leadlea

4、d to +doing/n 通往，通向；导致，招致 lead sb to sp. 带领某人到某地lead sb to do sth.使某人做某事，领某人干某事命题方向：1). lead to + doing/ being done2） .leading to作定语或状语。3） . 含介词的短语动词用在定语从句中，考察句中的谓语动词。短语 lead to 中， to 为介词，总结一下 “动词 +介词 to ”的常用短语pay attention to 注意 devote t僦身于stick to 坚持 be used to 习惯于get down tobelong to 属于 object to

5、 反对pay a visit to 参观 ;拜访6. difficultyhave some/much/no difficulty (in) doing There is some/no difficulty (in) doing sth. There is some/no difficulty with sth.have some/much/no difficulty (in) doing There is some/no difficulty (in) doing sth. There is some/no difficulty with sth.7. attemptattempt to

6、do/ attempt at doing.make an/no attempt to doat one s first attempt (to do)8. addadd to 把加到上add up把加起来开始认真做. contribute to 为 .做贡献做某事有一些/ 没有困难（注意：difficulty为不可数名词）做某事有一些/ 没有困难（注意：difficulty为不可数名词）试图做:尝试做（没有）试图/打算做第一次尝试做add to 增加add up to 总计必修五 Module 2表示愿意做，主动给予提出，提供出价 /offern/vcharge （卖方）收费，要价offer/

7、provide /supply提供给某人某物offer sb sth/offer sth to sbprovide sb with sth/ provide sth for sbsupply sb with sth/ supply sth to sb主动提出做某事:offer to do2. apply v apply sth to应用New technology is applied to almost every industrial process. （工业流程 ） apply oneself to 致力于；专心于If only he applied himself to study,

8、he would do better in it. apply for 申请Before applying for the post, you have to fill in the application form.【拓展】 applicant n. 申请人表示“致力于；专心于”的短语：be lost/ buried /involved/ absorbed/ occupiedinconcentrate/ focus/ fix .onbe devoted / addicted/ abandoned to （ 沉迷于 ） 3. demand: n.（非常/很）受欢迎的in （good） dema

9、nd需要,需求（尤指顾客） demand for sth./ sb.对某人做某事的要求demand for sb. to do sth.demand 可加 n. / Pro./ To do / that 从句作宾语。注意：不能说 :demand sb to do sth必修五 Module31. account v./n.on account of 由于 Take into account 烤鱼 On no account 绝不 accounted for 解释bank account 银行账户2. as ifas if 引导的从句作表语。as if = as though 好像，似乎, 主要

10、用于引导状语从句和表语从句。当前面有系动词 look, seem, taste, smell, keep, sound等时，如果表示的可能性较大，与事实较一致时，谓语动词用陈述语气。as if 从句用虚拟语气的情况：从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时。You look as if you did not care. （ 实际上关心）从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用“ had过去分词”He talked about Paris as if he had been there before. （实际上以前没去过）从句表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用"would/could/mi

11、ght +动词原形”。It looks as if it might snow. （实际上不会下雪）3.分词作定语1）通常，现在分词表示主动，过去分词表示被动，例如：He is the man giving you the money. （= who gave you ）He is the man stopped by the car.（ = who was stopped by）2 ）不及物动词的过去分词表示动作已经发生 分词作状语连词+分词（短语 ）有时为使分词短语与主句关系更清楚， 可在分词前加连词。 如： when ， while ， if though ，after, before,

12、 as. 但分词的主语和主句的主语必须为同一个分词作补语通常在感官动词和使役动词和 like, want, wish, order 等表示 “希望 ”“要求 ”等意义的动词之后分词作表语分词作插入语:其结构是固定的，意思上的主语并不是句子的主语。generally speaking一般说来strictly speaking严格的说judging from从判断all things considered从整体来看taking all things into consideration全面看来 分词的时态1）.与主语动词同时（not） doing2）先于主动词（not） having done独立

13、主格结构：在用分词短语作状语时，其逻辑主语一般必须与句子主语一致。如不一致，分词须带上自己的逻辑主语。常表伴随的动作或情必修五 Module 41. Pretendpretend +that 假装 pretend to do sth. 假装要做某事pretend to be doing sth. 假装正在做某事pretend to have done sth. 假装已经做过某事类似用法happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事happen to be doing 碰巧正在做某事appear to be 似乎是consider sth. to be/as 把当作book book 意为预定（

14、票，位子等）order 意为订货，定购常用作及物动词，还可以意为点菜（饭，酒，饮料）既可用作及物动词，也可用作不及物动词。3. dressdress 的用法： dress sb./ oneself=(sb).be dressed indress(oneself) upwear 的用法：强调状态（穿着,穿衣戴帽,戴首饰,带笑容 ）put on 的用法：强调动作 （穿上 ） 反义词 take off必修五 Module 5win等名win vt. &vi. 其宾语不是竞争对手而是war, game, prize, match, battle, competition词。beat 和 def

15、eat 两者的宾语是竞争对手2. advantage have an advantage over sb./sth 比某人有优势take advantage of利用机会等；某人的处境、弱点等 to one ' s advantage =to the advanage of sb.对某人有禾 13. chance(the) chances are (that)./ The chanCels 能a t (It is likely / probable / possible thatThere is no chance that 不可能There is a chance that有可育旨

16、/ofseize /grasp a chance 抓住机会take a chance /take chances冒险，碰运气by chance /by accident 碰巧4. 倍数(1) . 倍数表达法： 倍数 + as as.This room is four times as big as that one.The road is twice as long as that one.(2) . 倍数的其他结构：倍数 + adj./adv. 的比较级 + than.倍数 + the + 名词( size,length, height,width.This room is twice bi

17、gger than mine.这个房间是我房间的 2 倍大。= This room is twice the size of mine.5.状语从句时间状语从句其连词有： when, before, after, as soonhad when, no sooner had这个房间是哪个房间的四倍大。这条路是那条路的 2 倍长。) + of .as, as, while, hardly had when,scarcelythan, till / utnhteil,msoinmce,nt, by the time 等，条件状语从句 引导条件状语从句的连词有： if, unless, (if no

18、t) , on condition that , as long as注意：有时可以把祈使句作为条件从句，祈使句后面要搭配and ，如：Give him an inch and he ll take a mile. (= If you give him an inch, he ll take a mile. )如：但：当表示否定的条件时，可用连词 or 或 otherwiseStart at once, or / otherwise you ' ll miss the train. (= If you don ' t start at once, )让步状语从句引导让步状语从句

19、的连词有： though/although, even if/ even though, no matter who/what/ when / where/ which / how ( whoever, whatever, whenever, wherever, whichever, however) whoever, whatever, whichever还可引导名词从句。 而 no matter who/ what/ which 只能引导让步状语从句? He didn t want to be disturbed, no matter who wanted to see him.= He

20、didn t want to be disturbed, whoever wanted to see him.? I ll give the books to whoever needs themas 引导让步从句。但 as 一般不置于句首，而将从句中的表语或状语置于句首。 ( though 也可以)I Tired as he was, he still went on with his workn Much as he likes the bike, he doesn' t want to buy it出 Try as he might, he didn' t pass th

21、e exam. 原因状语从句引导原因状语从句的连词有because, since, as , now that? because: 语气最强，回答 why 时用 becauseWhy are you late? Because there is a traffic jam.? since:既然.”表对方已知的事实或理由，常放在句首。Since you have got enough money with you now, you can come and buy it next time.? as:由于.”语气较弱，较口语化，表明显的原因或已知的事实，常放在句首。As he had been ready for the worst, he was not disappointed at the result.? for 是一个等立连词，连接的是两个并列的分句，其他三个引导的是状语从句； for 不能放在句首。 It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.比较状语从句比较状语从句主要用在形容词、副词的原级、比较级、最高级的句子中。原级asasnot so / as比较继： 比较级+ than 最高级： 最高级+in / of / among n