2019-2020年高中英语阅读理解第三部分名人故事(三)练习

1、2019-2020 年高中英语阅读理解第三部分 名人故事(三)练习马克吐温，真名塞姆朗赫恩克列门斯(Samuel Langhorne Clemens ),是美国的幽默大师、小说家、作家，亦是著名演说家。短篇小说百万英磅、竞选州长和长篇哈 克贝里芬历险记、汤姆索亚历险记最为人们所称道。海伦凯勒曾言：“我喜欢马克吐温一一谁会不喜欢他呢？即使是上帝，亦会钟爱他，赋予其智慧，并于其心灵里绘画出一道爱与信仰的彩虹。”威廉福克纳称马克吐温为“第一位真正的美国作家，我们都是继承他而来”。One of the best known America n writers is Samuel Lan ghor ne

2、 Cleme ns, whose penname is Mark Twain. Born in 1855, Twain grew up in the Mississippi River town of Hannibal, Missouri. Asdid many other boys of his day, Twain dreamed of traveling on riverboats and of someday being a riverboatpilot. Twain used his memories of the life of a river town in his two mo

3、st famous books,the Adventures ofHuckleberry Finnandthe Adventures of Tom Sawyer.As a young man Twain held many jobs. He was a printer, a gold miner, and for a time, he was ariverboat pilot. During his pilot days, he adopted the name Mark Twain. This was a term used by theboatme n to mean that the w

4、ater measured two fathoms, or twelve feet, which was deep eno ugh for safepassage.FinallyTwain became a successful writer. He traveled a great deal, writing andspeak ing, and became very popular both in the Un ited States and in Europe.Twains style of writing was simple and direct. Amongthe things h

5、e wrote about were superstitiouspeople and people who were easily fooled. He used his unu sual gift for humor to write about many thingsof importa nee.prehe nsion Questi ons:1. Samuel Lan ghor ne Cleme ns_A. was as famous as Mark Twain.B. is better known tha n Mark Twain.C. grew up in the Mississipp

6、i River town of Hannibal with Mark Twain as his friend.D. was used by Mark Twain as his pen n ame.2.Many boys of that time_ A. wanted io become famous wTiters.+B. wanted to be passengers on the Mississippi.*C. wished tofriends of Mark RvamD.anxious To vork on a riverboat.3.The name Mark Ivvain came

7、into use_*A. when Samuel Langhorne Clemens was a printersB. when lie was Borlaug on a riverboat. *-C. before he became a. gold miner. *D. hen he wai taught what the term meant.4.fathoms, or twelve is_ A. a term to indicate Mark Twain.B. a depth at which boats can safely pass.C. was used by boatme n

8、to measure the depth of water.D. con sidered to be deep eno ugh for pilots to swim across the river.5. Twain s style of writing is_A. humorous B. simple C. directD all of the above.(DDBBD)查尔斯？狄更斯一英国最伟大的作家之一查尔斯狄更斯，是英国文学史上唯一可与莎士比亚媲美的伟大作家。1812 年 2 月 7日生于朴次茅斯市郊，1870 年 6 月 9 日卒于罗切斯特附近的盖茨山庄。一生共创作长篇小 说 13

9、部半，其中多数是近百万言的大部头作品，中篇小说20 余部，短篇小说数百篇，以及大量演说词、书信、散文、杂诗。其中，圣诞颂歌、大卫科波菲尔、双城记最为人们所称道。他多次去欧洲大陆游历、旅居，两次访问美国。When Charles Dicke ns was a small boy, he was sent by his pare nts to work ina boot-black ing factory. His pare nts had other childre n and many debts to pay.Charless father was put into prison for h

10、is debts. The boy tried to raise money eno ugh to get him outbut was un successful. At last, the whole family went to live with Charless father in his room in theMarsalsea prison. This was a mon practice and, while the pris oner could not leave the gro un ds, thefamilies could go in and out freely u

11、n til the gate was locked at ni ght.For the rest of his days, Dicke ns was in terested in pris ons.Whe never he traveledthrough stra nge tow ns and cities, he went to visit them, as other tourists would visit museumsand palaces.Almost every book he wrote has a prison and some prisoners in it.He had

12、been born in 1812 and had stayed busy at one kind of work or another fromthe time he was six years of age. He died of a sudden stroke in 1870. He providedthe world with its clearest picture of the texture of English life during the 1800s, one without which readerswould never know the sounds, smells,

13、 and tastes of those Ion g-ago days.Today Charles EHckens is considered one of the greatest English enters of all time. He is bestremembered fortus CkrisunasDavid Copp&rflM. and. .4 Tal of Cities.Comprehension Quesrionsi+JL Chailes Dickens went to work in a boot-blacking factor because_ 卩A. he w

14、as a small boy. zB, his family was very poor,心U others hadnt paid back the debts.亠D一the work m the f acton-vasnT verv h亡日w*ad2.Charless father was thrown into prason simply because_A. the boy couldnt raise enough money.B. he couldnt return the money he had borrowed from others.C. the boy was unsucce

15、ssful in making enough money in the boot-blacking factory.D. the boy was too small to save him.3. The mon practice of those days was _A. the family should go to live together with the prisoner.B. the family members should remain in prison until the prisoner was set free.C. the family members could s

16、tay with the prisoner and have freedom to leave or enter the prison in thedaytime.D. the family members could go in and out of the prison at any time.4. The difference between Charles Dickens and other tourists lies in that _A. he liked to visit prisons while others didnt.B. he liked to visit palace

17、s while others didnt.C. he was not interested in prisons while others were.D. others showed more interest in prisons than him.5. If you read Charles Dickens s novels, you can _A. see a clearest picture.B. hear the sounds, enjoy the smells and tastes of those long-ago days.C. know very clearly what t

18、he life of the nineteenth century England was like.D. know clearly how he and his family lived in the prison.(BBCAC)13. Goethe, Germany s Greatest Poet歌德德国最伟大的诗人约翰沃尔夫冈歌德(1749 1832),是 18 世纪中叶到 19 世纪初德国和欧洲最重要的作家、诗人。歌德是德国狂飙突进运动的主将，其作品充满了反叛精神，在诗歌、戏剧、散文等方面都有较高的成就。主要作品有剧本葛兹冯伯里欣根、中篇小说少年维特的烦恼、未完成的诗剧普罗米修斯和诗剧

19、浮士德的雏形原浮士德 。此外还写了 许多抒情诗和评论文章。 他对世界文学宝库的巨大贡献， 使他成为世界文化名人， 每年逢他The tomi of Frankfurt will always be connected with the name of Johann XVbl塔ang von Goethe,Germanys greatest literary呂enius. Goethe w as bom here in 1?49 and, although he left the many timesduring tus life, he alva-s bought of Frankfurr as

20、 his home.The house “her亡Goee lived in is op?口to the public and contains many reminders of the great manNext door is the Goethe Museum, with its collection of paintings and documents about his liff and vork.In 172: Goethe went as a voun Izwver to Wetzlar, where lie fell in love with the fiancee ofhi

21、s close friend Kest ner. Broke nhearted, he returned to Fran kfurt and later discovered that Kestner had killed himself. These events form the basis of his beautiful novelThe Sorrow of Young Werther,the most importa nt literary work of the early Roma ntic period.In 1786 Goethe toured Italy, and this

22、 had a strong in flue neeon his work, allow inghim to join his earlier Roma ntic style with the Classic idea of Greece and Rome.His masterpiece,Faust,published in 1831, was the product of fifty years of work. It is the greatestdramatic poem in the German Ianguage.Goethe died at Weimar in 1832. He le

23、ft behind him a reputationas one of Europesforemost writers and philosophers. Today the reputati on is stron ger tha n ever. prehe nsion Questi ons:1.Whenwe mention the town of Frankfurt we often think of Johann Wolfgang von Goethebecause _A. Germa nys greatest literary man Goethe was born there.B.

24、Goethe left Frankfurt many times.C. Goethe always thought of Fran kfurt as his home.D. Goethe loved Fran kfurt.2.Accord ing to the passage, which of the followi ng stateme nts is true?_A. The door of the house where Goethe once lived is always ope n.B. People all over the world can go and visit the

25、house where Goethe once lived.C. The room in the house where Goethe once lived is the Goethe Museum.D. There are many paintingsand documents about Goethes life and work in the housewhere he once lived3.The third paragraph of the passage tells us_A. that Goethe fell in love with his close friend Kest

26、 ners girlfrie nd.B. Goethes return to Fran kfurt.C. that Goethe was very sad over the death of his close friend Kestner.D. what formed the basis of Goethes beautiful novelThe Sorrow of Young Werther.4. According to the passage, which of the following statements is not true?_A. . The tour of Italy i

27、nfluenced his w ork ven much. *B. Faiist is the greatest dramatic poem m German.*1C. Goethe was once a lawyer.*1D. Goethe spent only a fev years vTitmg his masterpiece5. To day people tEunk highly of Goetiie because_A. he was among the most famous niters m Europe.B. hems one of the Europes mo ft not

28、ab 1 e phi la sopher s.C. lif Tote a lot of bfautiful navels and poems.D一of all mentioned above(ABDDD加14. Winston Churchill, Famous British Statesma n. Orator and Writer温斯顿？丘吉尔一英国著名政治家、演说家和作家温斯顿丘吉尔，英国著名政治家、演说家、作家和记者，1953 年诺贝尔文学奖得主。曾于 1940 1945 年和 1951 - 1955 年期间两度任英国首相，被认为是20 世纪最重要的政治领袖之一，领导英国获得第二次世

29、界大战的胜利。此外，他还是被公认为世界上掌握英语词汇量最多的人(约 5 万多)。Win sto n Churchill (18741965) was born into a famed family. His father was asuccessfulpolitician.In October 1900, Churchill was elected to Parliament for thefirst time. In 1939, Germany attackedPoland, and the followingyear, he became thePrime Mini ster of En

30、 gla nd.France fell. The Germa ns crushed Wester n Europe. Brita in was on the edge of plete defeat.Wasit not possible to ask for peace, and make talks with Hitler? Churchill spoke, “ I have nothing tooffer but blood, tears and sweat.You ask what is ouraim? I can an swer in one word: Victory!”The Ge

31、rma ns bega n gatheri ng their armies on the French coast and prepared toin vade Brita in.The British had not eno ugh rifles to go around. Churchill gave theanswer,“We shall defend our island, whatever cost may be, we shall fight on thebeaches, we shall fight on the land ground, we shall fight in th

32、e fieldsand in thestreets, we shall f ight in the hills, we shall n ever surre nder.”By his courage, hard work and faith, Churchill in spired his people. Victory fin ally came whe n theGerma ns were defeated at the end of World War II.Here is a well-known story told about Churchill.During the Second

33、 World War, Winston Churchill was the British prime minister. One day he had togo to the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) to make an importa nt speech to the n ati on.An hour before the time of his speech, he stopped a taxi in the street and asked the driver to takehim to the BBC, but the taxi

34、 driver, who did not recognize him, said he could not take him any where justthe n, because he wan ted to go back to hisChurchill was so pleased when he heard his answer that he gave the man a pouni which was worthquite a lot in those days.*All right, get in.r?said the driver happily opening the doo

35、r of the taxi. Til take you. and to hell戏ithChurchill and hs speech. Comprehension Questions:L Born in a politicians family. Churchill_ #A. liked his father, aSUE亡鹉fill politician verrmil亡h*弓一頁al&o interested m politics like his father s1U fought bravely m the First World War,+JD attacked German

36、s in lA orld War Two.+J2.“France fell. ” Here the word “fell ” means _A.fell dow n B. gave upC was defeated D. was surro un ded3. Fac ing the Germa ns in vasi on, Churchill decided_A. to defend Britain with blood, tears and sweat.B. to get more rifles to go around.C. to give in.D. to in spire his pe

37、ople.4. The driver refused to take Churchill to the BBC because_A. he hated Churchill.B. he had someth ing importa nt to do.C. he wan ted to go home in the opposite directi on.D. Churchill offered him too little mon ey.5. From the story we could lear n that Churchill was_A. a modest man.B. a great m

38、an.C. a gen erous man.D. fond of liste ning to good words.(BCABA)15. Wilhelm Konrad Ron tge n. Discoverer of X-rays威廉?康拉德？伦琴一 X 射线的发现者X 射线的发现者威廉康拉德伦琴，于1845 年出生在德国尼普镇。发现X 射线的全部功劳都应归于伦琴，他的发现是前所未料的。而且他的发现对贝克雷尔及其他研究人员都 有重要的促进作用。1901 年，伦琴获得诺贝尔物理奖，是获得该项奖的第一人。他于1923年在德国慕尼黑与世长辞。If you break your arm or leg,

39、 you will be probably sent to hospital to have anX-ray photo taken to find out just where the break is and what kind of breakit is.If a child swallows a hard thing, as sometimes happens, the doctor, by the help ofX-rays, will be able to find out just where it has got to in the child s body. Every ho

40、spital has an X-raydepartment. Dentists also take X-ray photos of people s teeth which do not show from the outside.X-rays were first discovered by a Germanscientist, Wilhelm Konrad Rontgen (1845-1923), in 1895,almost by accident.Rontgen and sexual other scientists were experimeitting with passing electric currents through certai口gases in a special glass tube from which the air had h亡m removed. One day. Roni gen noticed that,though the tube was cov