新视野大学英语第三版读写教程第一册第一单元课文单词详解

1、word文件格式精心整理版.Section A Text A Toward a brighter future for all1. Good afternoon! As president of the university, I am proud to welcome you to this university. Your achievement is the triumph of years of hard work, both of your own and of your parents and teachers. Here at the university, we pledge

2、to make your educational experience as rewarding as possible.下午好！作为校长，我非常自豪地欢迎你们来到这所大学。你们所取得的成就是你们自己多年努力的结果，也是你们的父母和老师们多年努力的结果。在这所大学里，我们承诺将使你们学有所成。Words and phrase2. achievement n something very good and difficult that you have succeeded in doing:e.g. An Olympic silver medal is a remarkable achievem

3、ent for one so young.3. triumphn being successful or victorious 成功，胜禾shouts of triumphgreat achievement or success 成功one of the triumphs of modern sciencev. (over sb/sth) be successful or victorious triumph over one's difficulties战胜困难.4. pledge v sth (to sb/sth) (fml ) promise solemnly to give (

4、support,etc); give (one's word, honour, etc) as a pledge 保证给予(支持等) ;以(誓言、 名誉等)作 担保：pledge loyalty to the king 发誓效忠国王 be pledged to keeping a secret 誓守秘密. sb/oneself (to sth/to do sth) promise solemnly that sb/one will do sth or support a cause, etc保证某人自己做某事或支持某事业等The Government has pledged itsel

5、f to send aid to the famine victims. 政府已承诺赈济 饥民.Tn leave (sth) with sb as a pledged当(某物)He's pledged his mother's wedding ring.Tn (fml ) drink to the health of (sb); toast (sb)为(某人)的健康祝酒;向(某人) 祝酒：pledge the bride (新娘)and bridegroom (新郎)5. rewarding adj giving you satisfaction, pleasure, or p

6、rofit 值得的；有意义的；有 回报的Our journey to the orphanage (1®J L 院)was a very rewarding experience.Antonym: unrewardingSynonym: satisfying6. as.as possible as + adj / adv +as ; as + adj + n + as 尽力做某事的意思We have to run as fast as possible.Can you say it as loudly as possible?I hope you ' ll stay as l

7、ong as possible.We need as many apples as possible.You must come back as soon as possible.Word formation note:adj suffix -ing1 . -ing加在某些transitive verb后，构成adj,主要用于表示事物的性质或特征，或 .内容结构完整.学用共享.word文件格式精心整理版.某物或某事给人的感觉、情感、印象等。这类词包括 welcoming, charming, discouraging, disgusting, frightening, alarming, su

8、rprising等。例如：a welcoming smile 热情的微笑a charming house on the outskirts of the town 在城镇交B外的栋漂亮的房子an alarming increase in housing price 房价的惊人增长A surprising number of men stay bache10rs.有相当多的男子仍然是单身。2 .-ing加在intransitive verb之后，构成adj,表示某事或某人仍然处于某种状态。例 如：a recurring problem 反复出现的问题his aging mother他那日渐苍老的

9、母亲He wore his hair in the prevailing fashion.他的头发理的是当时盛行的发型。Paraphrase1 Your achievement is the triumph of years of hard work, both of your own and of your parents and teachers.Meaning: Your entering this university is an important success.This successis due tomany years of your hard work, and many

10、years of your parents' and teachers ' hard work2 Here at the university, we pledge to make your educational experience as rewarding as possible.Meaning: Here at the university, we promise to make your educational experience as worthwhile as possible.3 . In welcoming you to the university, I

11、am reminded of my own high school graduation and the photograph my mom took of my dad and me. "Pose naturally," Mom instructed us. "Wait!" said Dad, "Let's take a picture of me handing him an alarm clock." The clock woke me up every morning in college. It is still o

12、n my office desk.在欢迎你们到来的这一刻，我想起自己高中毕业时的情景，还有妈妈为我和爸爸拍 的合影。妈妈吩咐我们：“姿势自然点。”“等一等，”爸爸说，“把我递给他闹钟的情景拍下来。”在大学期间，那个闹钟每天早晨叫醒我。至今它还放在我办公室的桌子上。Words and phrase1. remind v inform (sb) of a fact or tell (sb) to do sth he may have forgotten 提醒： Do I have to remind you yet again?Remind me to answer that letter. sb

13、 of sb/sth cause sb to remember or be newly aware of sb/sth 使某人回想起或意 识到某人某事物:He reminds me of his brother.This song reminds me of France.reminder n sth. that makes you notice, remember, or think about sth. 起提醒作用 的东西The cold served as a reminder that winter wasn' t quite finished.The waiters were

14、 clearing the tables, which served as a reminder that it was time to leave.2. pose v(a) I, Ipr (for sb) sit or stand in a particular position in order to be painted, drawn or photographed摆好姿势(以便画像或拍照)：He had to pose wearing a laurel wreath.他得摆好戴着月桂花冠的姿势.*(b) Tn put (sb) in a particular position in o

15、rder to paint, draw or photograph him 使(某人）摆好姿势（以便画像或拍照）：The artist posed his model carefully.那位画家仔细摆好模特儿的姿势.I （derog 贬）behave in an unnatural or affected way in order to impress people 装腔 作势：Stop posing and tell us what you really think.别装蒜啦，告诉我们你的真实想法 吧.pose n1 position in which a person poses or

16、is posed （pose 1b）（为画像或拍照而摆的） 姿势， 姿态：She adopted an elegant pose.她摆了一个优美的姿势.2 （derog 贬）unnatural or affected way of behaving, intended to impress people 装腔作 势的举动：His concern for the poor is only a pose.他对穷人的关心只不过是做做样子 罢了.Paraphrase1 In welcoming you to the university, I am reminded of my own high sc

17、hool graduation and the photograph my mom took of my dad and me. （Para. 2）Meaning: When I am welcoming you to this university, something I remember is my own high school graduation and the photo my mom took of my dad and me.3 Let me share with you something that you may not expect. You will miss you

18、r old routines and your parents' reminders to work hard and attain your best. You may have cried tears of joy to be finally finished with high school, and your parents may have cried tears of joy to be finally finished with doing your laundry! But know this: The future is built on a strong found

19、ation of the past.让我来告诉你们一些你们未必预料得到的事情。你们将会怀念以前的生活习惯，怀 念父母曾经提醒你们要刻苦学习、取得佳绩。你们可能因为高中生活终于结束而喜 极而泣，你们的父母也可能因为终于不用再给你们洗衣服而喜极而泣！但是要记住：未来是建立在过去扎实的基础上的。Words and phrase1. routine n C, U fixed and regular way of doing things® 序； 公事； 常规： She found it difficult to establish a new routine after retirement

20、.do sth as a matter of routine 按常规办事attrib作定语routine tasks, chores, duties, etc日常工作、日常事务、 例行职责.C set sequence of movements in a dance or some other performance 舞蹈等表演的 成套动作:go through a dance routine做套舞蹈动作.routine adj usual; habitual; regular 通常的；惯例的；例行的：the routine procedure 例行手续 * routine maintenan

21、ce 定期的保养 * routinely adv.2. attain v Tn succeed in getting （sth）; achieveattain a position of power 获得权位attain one's goal, objective, ambition, etcattain our target of 50000达到我们的50000英镑的目标.attainable adj that can be attainedThese objectives are certainly attainable.attainment n U success in reac

22、hing 达至 U;至 U 达:The attainment of her ambitions was still a dream.她要实现抱负仍是种梦想 .C usu pl thing attained, esp skill or knowledge 成就; 造 t旨：a scholar of the highest attainments 造诣极高的学者.3. finished adj pred (not before noun) no longer doing, dealing with, or using sth.(with sb/sth) (infml 口)I won't b

23、e finished for another hour.我还有一个小时才能完事 .Are you finished with my tools yet?我的工具你用完了吗？She decided she was finished with working for others.她决定不再为别人做事 .4. may have done sth.: used for talking about past possibilitiesShe might have changed her mind and decided not to come.5. foundation nU act of found

24、ing (an institution, organization, etc) 建立，仓立，创办:the foundation of the universityC (a) (organization set up to provide) sums of money for research, charity, etc (为研究、慈善事业等提供的)基金，基金会：You may be able to get support from an arts foundation.C usu pl layer of bricks, concrete, etc forming the solid base

25、of a building underground 地基；房基；基础：lay the foundations of a building 给建筑物奠基C, U principle, idea or fact on which sth is based; basis (作为某事的) 基本原则、思想或事实；基础：lay the foundations of one's career 奠定个人事业的基础 *That rumor has no foundation.那谣言没有事实根据.Grammar一、情态动词用于对现在内容推测的常见句型有：1、Can/may do sth：表示对现在内容的可

26、能性的推测；2、Must do sth：表示对现在内容的肯定性的推测。二、情态动词用于对过去内容推荐的常见句型：1、can/may have done sth：表示对过去内容的可能性；2、must have done sth：表示对过去内容的肯定性的推测。例：It must have rained last night, for the road is wet.He may have got lost.Mr Green must have failed to receive my letter, otherwise he would have replied.I believe he must

27、 have had an accident, otherwise he would have arrived on time.Collocation note:1. do是最常见的表示“做”的动词。e.g. Today I have a lot of work to do.2. do常常和表示锻炼或劳动等方面的名词或动名词连用。e.g. do physical exercise/the dishes/one ' s cookingParaphrase1. You will miss your old routines and your parents' reminders to

28、 work hard and attainyour best. (Para. 3)Meaning: You will miss your usual life patterns and yo ur parents ' reminding words that you should work hard and achieve the best you can.2. You may have cried tears of joy to be finally finished with high school, and your parents may have cried tears of

29、 joy to be finally finished with doing your laundry! (Para.3.Meaning: Perhaps you were so happy that you cried because at last you finished high school, and perhaps your parents were so happy that they cried because eventually they.内容结构完整.学用共享.word文件格式精心整理版.wouldn ' t have to do your laundry any

30、 more!Note: Pay attention to the humor the president creates by contrasting the different responses from children and their parents they all cried, but for different reasons!3.But know this: The future is built on a strong foundation of the past. (Para. 3) Meaning: But you should know that your futu

31、re can only be attained when it is built on a solid past.4 For you, these next four years will be a time unlike any other. Here you are surrounded by great resources: interesting students from all over the country, a learned and caring faculty, a comprehensive library, great sports facilities, and s

32、tudent organizations covering every possible interest from the arts to science, to community service and so on. You will have the freedom to explore and learn about new subjects. You will learn to get by on very little sleep, meet fascinating people, and pursue new passions. I want to encourage you

33、to make the most of this unique experience, and to use your energy and enthusiasm to reap the benefits of this opportunity.对你们而言，接下来的四年将会是无与伦比的一段时光。在这里，你们拥有丰富的资源：有来自全国各地的有趣的学生，有学识渊博又充满爱心的老师，有综合性图 书馆，有完备的运动设施，还有针对不同兴趣的学生社团一一从文科社团到理科社 团、到社区服务等等。你们将自由地探索、学习新科目。你们要学着习惯点灯熬油，学着结交充满魅力的人，学着去追求新的爱好。我想鼓励你们充分利

34、用这一特殊的经历，并用你们的干劲和热情去收获这一机会所带来的丰硕成果。Words and phrase1. unlike adj pred 作表语dissimilar; differentThey are so unlike nobody would believe they were sisters.prep different from (sth); not like 与(某事物)不同；不像.： Her latest novel is quite unlike her earlier work.2. resource nC usu pl supply of raw materials, e

35、tc which bring a country, person, etc wealth 资源: rich in natural, mineral, agricultural, etc resources 自然的、矿产的、农业的 资源丰田(fml ) ingenuity or quick wit; initiative 才智; 机敏；仓造精神： a man of great resource 足智多谋的男子.3. learned: a. (fml.) learned people have a lot of knowledge because they have read and studie

36、d a lot有学问的;博学的My advisor is a very learned person and she could answer any question I asked.4. caring: a. thinking about what other people need or want and trying to help them 关心他人的；乐于助人的The school provides a caring environment for students.学校为学生提供了 充满关怀的 环境。5. faculty C usually plural a natural ab

37、ility to hear, see, think, move, etc: the faculty of sight 视力 the mental faculties 智力C of/for doing sth a special ability to do a particular thing 做某事物的特殊才能： have a great faculty for learning languages 有学习语言的才能 .She has a faculty for inspiring confidence in people.(AmE) all the teachers of a particu

38、lar university or college大学的全体教员.faculty members.内容结构完整.学用共享.word文件格式精心整理版.6. facility nU, sing ability to learn or do things easily 容易学好或做好事物的能力： have (a) great facility for (learning) languages有 (学习) 语言的天才 He plays the piano with surprising facility.他弹奏钢琴神乎其技 .facilities pl circumstances, equipmen

39、t, etc that make it possible, or easier, to do sth;aids能够或易於做某事的环境、 设备等；辅助物：'sports facilities 运动设施facilities for study有助学习的设施 medical facilities7. community n. sing the people living in one place, district or country, considered as a whole社区；团体；集体；社会：work for the good of the community 为集体禾益

40、4;务 community service社会服务工作n. group of people of the same religion, race, occupation, etc, or with shared interests 宗教信仰、种族、职业等方面相同的人构成的集体：the Chinese community in Paris 在巴黎的华侨团体 a community of monks 僧侣团体.8. get by (on sth) manage to live, survive, etc (using the specified resources); manage; cope (

41、靠某物)勉强维生；设法维持；对付：How does she get by on such a small salary?He gets by on very little money.9. on: prep.1) eating or drinking a particular type of food or drink in order to stay alive 靠生存 Using a cave as shelter, the man survived on wild berries and raw fish.这个人以山洞为 住所，靠吃野果和生鱼活了下来。2) using a particu

42、lar type of fuel or electrical power in order to operate 靠运行 Why can' t we make a car that runs on water?我们为什么不能制造出靠水力行驶的 汽王呢？10. fascinating adj extremely interesting:The book offers a fascinating glimpse of the lives of the rich and famous.11. pursue v Tn (fml ) follow (sb/sth), esp in order t

43、o catch or kill; chase pursue a wild animal, a thief(continue to) be occupied or busy with (sth); go on with 进行She decided to pursue her studies after obtaining her first degree.I have decided not to pursue (ie investigate) the matter any further.12. reap v to cut and collect a crop, especially corn

44、, from a fieldSow the wind and, reap the whirlwind (saying )播种的是风，收割的是暴风start sth that seems fairly harmless and have to suffer unforeseen consequences that are serious or disastrous原无大害的事，彳爰果却不堪设想.(fig ) receive (sth) as a result of one's own or others' actions 获得reap the reward of years of

45、 study从多年研究中获得报偿Paraphrase1. For you, these next four years will be a time unlike any other. (Para. 4)Meaning: For you, the next four years in university will be different from any other period of time in your life.2. Here you are surrounded by great resources: interesting students from all over the

46、 country, a learned and caring faculty, a comprehensive library, great sports facilities, and student organizations covering every possible interest from the arts to science, to community service and so on. (Para. 4)Meaning beyond words: Here the president is introducing to students the many resourc

47、es available on campus: interesting schoolmates, knowledgeable and helpful teachers, a big library, great sports equipment, various student organizations, etc. All these will help make students ' campus life colorful and fulfilling.3. You will have the freedom to explore and learn about new subj

48、ects. (Para. 4) Meaning: You will have the freedom to examine and learn about new subjects.4. You will learn to get by on very little sleep, meet fascinating people, and pursue new passions. (Para. 4)Meaning: You will learn to manage with very little sleep, meet very interesting people, and find new

49、 interests.5. I want to encourage you to make the most of this unique experience, and to use your energy and enthusiasm to reap the benefits of this opportunity. (Para. 4) Meaning: I want to encourage you to do all you can to take advantage of this special experience, and to use your energy and pass

50、ion to benefit from this chance.5 You may feel overwhelmed by the wealth of courses available to you. You will not be able to experience them all, but sample them widely! College offers many things to do and to learn, and each of them offers a different way to see the world. If I could give you only

51、 one piece of advice about selecting courses, it would be this: Challenge yourself! Don't assume that you know in advance what fields will interest you the most. Take some courses in fields you've never tried before. You will not only emerge as a more broadly educated person, but you will al

52、so stand a better chance of discovering an unsuspected passion that will help to shape your future. A wonderful example of this is the fashion designer, Vera Wang, who originally studied art history. Over time, Wang paired her studies in art history with her love of fashion and turned it into a pass

53、ion for design, which made her a famous designer around the world.有这么多课程可供选择，你可能会不知所措。你不可能选修所有的课程，但是要尽可能体验更多的课程！大学里有很多事情可做可学，每件事情都会为你提供不同视角来审视世界。如果我只能给你们一条选课建议的话，那就是：挑战自己！ 不要认为你早就了解自己对什么样的领域最感兴趣。选择一些你从未接触过的领域的课程。这样，你不仅会变得更加博学，而且更有可能发现一个你未曾想到的、能成就 你未来的爱好。一个绝佳的例子就是时装设计师王薇薇，她最初学的是艺术史。随着时间的推移，王薇薇把艺术史研究和

54、对时装的热爱结合起来，并将其转化为对设 计的热情，从而使她成为全球闻名的设计师。overwhelm v Tn usu passive cover (sth/sb) completely by flowing over or pouring down on it/him (以浇或灌的方式)淹没A great mass of water overwhelmed the village.大水淹没了村庄.(fig ) be overwhelmed with grief, sorrow, despair, etc 陷入悲哀、 悲痛、 绝望等之中 (fig ) Overwhelmed with grati

55、tude感激万分(b) overpower (sb/sth), esp by force of numbers; defeat 压倒，制® (以数量胜)；击败： be overwhelmed by the enemyoverwhelming adj attrib too great to resist or overcome; very great 压倒切的无法 抗拒的；巨大的：an overwhelming urge to smoke 不可遏止的吸烟冲动an overwhelming victory 极大的胜禾.内容结构完整.学用共享.word文件格式精心整理版.the overw

56、helming majority of people 压倒性多数.wealth n U (possession of a) large amount of money, property, etc; riches 贝才富 Wealth had not brought them happiness.singof sth large amount or number of sth; abundance of sth 大量, 众多, a book with a wealth of illustrations 有大量插图的书a wealth of opportunitywealthy adj (-ie

57、r, -iest) richwealthily adv.available adj not usually before noun (of things) that can be used or obtained You will be informed when the book becomes available.这本书有货时就通知你 .There is no money available for this project.(of people) free to be seen, talked to, etcI'm available in the afternoon. 我下午有

58、空. availability n U.sample n 货样；样品；标本a blood sample 血样The survey covers a representative sample of the population 这项调查涉及到社会各阶层的人士 .small amount of a product given away free 免费分发的/、量试样 ；赠样： hand out free samples of the perfume 送出香水的赠样a sample pack, sachet, etc馈赠的小包、 小袋等样品.v try out or examine (sth) by taking a sample or by experiencing it 抽样检查 sample the delights of Chinese food 品尝中国美食ass