实验三：生产者与消费者

1、实验三：生产者与消费者实验目的1 .学习和掌握操作系统中进程之间的通信；2 .理解和掌握使用信号量机制来是想进程之间的同步和互斥；3 .学习使用创建文件对象，并利用文件映射对象来实现数据通信。、实验内容? 一个大小为6 的缓冲区，初始为空，每个缓冲区能存放一个长度若为10个字符的字符串。? 2 个生产者- 随机等待一段时间，往缓冲区添加数据，- 若缓冲区已满，等待消费者取走数据后再添加- 重复12次? 3 个消费者- 随机等待一段时间，从缓冲区读取数据- 若缓冲区为空，等待生产者添加数据后再读取- 重复8次说明：? 显示每次添加和读取数据的时间及缓冲区的状态? 生产者和消费者用进程模拟，缓冲区

2、用共享内存来实现3、 实验环境1. Windows下：Windows8 ,Visual studio 20132. Linux下：Linux Ubuntu 4， gcc4、 程序设计与实现1. Windows 下：A主要函数说明：( 1) PROCESS_INFORMATIONStartClone(intnCloneID) 功能：用来创建5个相同的进程，前两个为生产者，后 三两个为消费者，赋予其不同的ID值，返回进程的信 息。(2) CreateSemaphore()；功能：创建3个信号量：full, empty, mutex。来互斥 的访问缓冲区，实现通信。(3) CreateFileMap

3、ping ()功能：在当前运行的进程中创建文件映射对象，来模拟共享缓冲区MapViewOfFile ()功能：在此文件映射上创建视图映射到当前应用程序的地址空间B.程序流程图开始初始化：创建的子进程个数为0nClone=0;实验代码如下：Windows：/实验三.cpp ：定义控制台应用程序的入口点。/#include "stdafx.h"#include <stdio.h>#include <windows.h>#include <time.h>static HANDLE hMutexMapping= INVALID HANDLE VA

4、LUE int num=0;HANDLE lpHandle10;struct buf int num;int read;int write;int buffer5; IBOOL StartClone() int i;BOOL bCreateOK;PROCESS_INFORMATION pi;TCHAR szFilenameMAX_PATH ;GetModuleFileName(NULL ,szFilename,MAX PATH );TCHAR szCmdLineMAX PATH ; for ( i = 0; i < 3; i+) Isprintf(szCmdLine, "&qu

5、ot;%s" consumer %d” ,szFilename,i); STARTUPINFO si;ZeroMemory (reinterpret cas<void *>(&si), sizeof(si); si.cb=sizeof(si);bCreateOK= CreateProcess szFilename, szCmdLine, NULL , NULL , FALSE, CREATE DEFAULT ERROR MODE , NULL , NULL , &si, &pi);if (!bCreateOK) return false;lpHan

6、dlenum=pi.hProcess; num+;for ( i = 0; i < 2; i+)sprintf(szCmdLine, ""%s" productor %d" ,szFilename,i); STARTUPINFO si;ZeroMemory (reinterpret_cas<void *>(&si), sizeof(si); si.cb=sizeof(si);bCreateOK= CreateProcesSszFilename, szCmdLine, NULL , NULL , FALSE, CREATE_DEF

7、AULT_ERROR_MODE , NULL , NULL , &si, &pi); I,if (!bCreateOK)return false;lpHandlenum=pi.hProcess; num+; return true;void Parent()printf( "Creating the child process and waited child process to quit.n'); hMutexMapping= CreateMutex(NULL ,true,"mutex");HANDLE hMapping= Create

8、FileMapping(NULL , NULL , PAGE READWRITE , 0, 一 sizeof(LONG), "map");if (hMapping!= INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE ) c_；,LPVOID pData=MapViewOfFile( hMapping, FILE_MAP_ALL_ACCESS , 0, 0, 0)；if (pData!=NULL ) ZeroMemory (pData,sizeof(LONG);struct buf *pnData=reinterpret cas<struct buf *>(pData)

9、; pnData->read=0;pnData->write=0;pnData->num=0;memset(pnData->buffer,0,sizeof(pnData->buffer); UnmapViewOfFile(pData); ICreateSemaphoreNULL ,3,3,"EMPTY");CreateSemaphoreNULL ,0,3,"FULL");BOOL bCreateOK=StartClone();if (!bCreateOK) Iprintf("Create child process

10、 failed.n");elseprintf("Create child process success.n"); I.ReleaseMutex(hMutexMapping);void Productor(int n) I,int j;printf( "Productor is running.n");hMutexMapping= OpenMutex(MUTEX_ALL ACCESS ,true,"mutex"); HANDLE hMapping= OpenFileMapping(FILE_MAP_ALL_ACCESS ,N

11、ULL , "map");if (hMapping= INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE ) Iprintf( "errorn"); .HANDLE semEmpty =OpenSemaphoreSEMAPHORE ALL ACCESS ,FALSE,"EMPTY");HANDLE semFull =OpenSemaphoreSEMAPHORE_ALL_ACCESS ,FALSE,"FULL");for (int i = 0; i < 6; i+)WaitForSingleObject(semEmpty

12、, INFINITE );SYSTEMTIME st;GetSystemTime(&st);srand(unsigned)time(0);Sleep(rand()/6);WaitForSingleObject(hMutexMapping, INFINITE );LPVOID pFile=MapViewOfFile(hMapping,FILE_MAP_ALL_ACCESS ,0,0, 0);if (pFile!=NULL ) struct buf *pnData=reinterpret_cas<struct buf *>(pFile);pnData->bufferpnD

13、ata->write=1;pnData->write=(pnData->write+1)%3;pnData->num+;printf("%02d:%02d:%02d生产者%d生产成功 缓冲区中剩余个 ”,st.wHour,st.wMinute,st.wSecond,n,pnData->num);for (j = 0; j < 3; j+) printf( "%d " ,pnData->bufferj);printf( "n"); IUnmapViewOfFile(pFile);pFile=NULL ;R

14、eleaseSemaphore(semFull, 1NULL );ReleaseMutex(hMutexMapping);printf("生产者%d生产完毕n",n);厂void ConsumerQnt n) I,int j; Iprintf( "Consumers running.n");hMutexMapping= OpenMutex(MUTEX_ALL_ACCESS ,true,"mutex"); HANDLE hMapping= OpenFileMapping(FILE_MAP_ALL_ACCESS ,NULL , "

15、;map"); if (hMapping= INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE ) printf( "errorn");HANDLE semEmpty =OpenSemaphoreSEMAPHORE_ALL_ACCESS ,FALSE,"EMPTY");HANDLE semFull =OpenSemaphoreSEMAPHORE ALL ACCESS ,FALSE,"FULL");for (int i = 0; i < 4; i+) IWaitForSingleObject(semFull, INFINITE )

16、; SYSTEMTIME st; GetSystemTime(&st); srand(unsigned)time(0); Sleep(rand()/6); WaitForSingleObject(hMutexMapping, INFINITE ); LPVOID pFile=MapViewOfFile(hMapping,FILE MAP ALL ACCESS ,0,0,0); ,if (pFile!=NULL ) struct buf *pnData=reinterpret_cas<struct buf *>(pFile);pnData->bufferpnData-&

17、gt;read=0;pnData->read=(pnData->read+1)%3;pnData->num-;printf("%02d:%02d:%02d消费者%d消费成功 缓冲区中剩余个 ”,st.wHour,st.wMinute,st.wSecond,n,pnData->num);for (j = 0; j < 3; j+) printf( "%d " ,pnData->bufferj); ,printf( "n"); ,UnmapViewOfFile(pFile);pFile=NULL ;Release

18、Semaphore(semEmpty,1NULL );ReleaseMutex(hMutexMapping);printf("消费者%d消费完毕n",n);口 .int main(int argc,char * argv) Iif (argc>1&&strcmp( argv1, "productor" )=0)Productor(atoi(argv2); Ielseif (argc>1&&strcmp( argv1,"consumer")=0) ' 一.、一 ，£Consu

19、mer(atoi(argv2);elseParent();WaitForMultipleObjects(num,lpHandle, true,INFINITE );return 0;Linux下代码：/主进程#include <unistd.h>#include <stdlib.h>#include "head.h"int main()(int id = semget(SEM_ALL_KEY, 3, IPC_CREAT|0660);/ 创建信号量集合/初始化信号量集合semctl(id, SEM_EMPTY, SETVAL, 3);semctl(id

20、, SEM_FULL, SETVAL, 0);semctl(id, SEM_MUTEX, SETVAL, 1);int shmid = createQueue(); / 创建共享主存if(shmid<0)perror("create shm error.");exit(1);/生成生产者进程if(fork()=0)execl("producer", "produced", 0);if(fork()=0)execl("producer", "producer2”, 0);/生成消费者进程if(fork

21、()=0)execl("consumer", "consumed", 0);if(fork()=0)execl("consumer", "consumer2”, 0);if(fork()=0)execl("consumer", "consumer3”, 0);/等待子进程int stat,i;for(i=0;i<5;i+)wait(&stat);removeQueue(shmid);释放共享主存return 0;/*生产者*/#include "head.h"m

22、ain(int argc,char * argv口)struct queue *buf,*out;int sem_id = semget(SEM_ALL_KEY,3, IPC_CREAT|0660);int i,j；buf = getQueue(); 打开共享主存out = buf;for(i=0;i<6;i+)p(sem_id, SEM_EMPTY); /P(EMPTY) , EMPTY开始值为3,表明有三个空余，申请一个 之后，有两个空余，当为零时，不再往里面写数据p(sem_id, SEM_MUTEX); /P(MUTEX) , MUTEX开始彳直为1 ,表明一次只能运行一个进程b

23、uf->buf+;/ 产品数 +1(buf + buf->buf) ->buf = 1;/放入产品后缓冲区置1/获取当前时间struct timeval curtime;gettimeofday(&curtime,NULL);/输出信息printf("No.%s put product %ld:%ld ",argv0,curtime.tv_sec,curtime.tv_usec);printf("Now the buffer is ");for(j=1;j<=3;j+)printf("%4d",(out

24、+j)->buf);printf("n");v(sem_id, SEM_MUTEX);V(MUTEX)v(sem_id, SEM_FULL); /V(FULL),释放一个 FULL,即往里面写了一个数据/随机sleep 一会int ran=random()%5;sleep(ran);/*消费者*/#include "head.h"main(int argc,char * argv口)struct queue *buf,*out;int sem_id = semget(SEM_ALL_KEY, 3, IPC_CREAT|0660);int i,j;b

25、uf = getQueue(); 打开共享主存out = buf;for(i=0;i<4;i+)p(sem_id, SEM_FULL); /P(FULL) FULL 开始值为0,表明开始的时候没有数据，无法取得, 当producer释放一个数据时，这里开始有数据p(sem_id, SEM_MUTEX); /P(MUTEX)(buf + buf->buf) ->buf = 0;取出产品后缓冲区置0buf->buf-; / 产品数-1/获取当前时间struct timeval curtime;gettimeofday(&curtime,NULL);/输出信息prin

26、tf("No.%s get product %ld:%ld ",argv0,curtime.tv_sec,curtime.tv_usec);printf("Now the buffer is ");for(j=1;j<=3;j+)printf("%4d",(out+j)->buf);printf("n");v(sem_id, SEM_MUTEX);/V(MUTEX)v(sem_id, SEM_EMPTY);/V(EMPTY)/随机等待一段时间int ran=random()%5;sleep(ran);W

27、indows运行截图:reading onsumet'the cluld process and waited child process to . is running.nsumek" zls runninsr -_onsumer poduetop poductop_2=47:36 _2：47:362:47:41 =47:41_2=47:41 2:47:46 2：47：4& 2=47=46_2=47=52 B=47=58 2：4?：S2"2=47:5?2；47557 2:48:03"2:48:03 _2：48:03s'i.Z_J_JT-T

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29、)查看(V)搜索(S)终端E帮助似)cq(?loc al host 下教$ ./main Uo .producerl Vo .producer2 slo .consumerl 4o.consumer2 Jo .producerl ducer2 lo .consumerl 4。.consumers ducerl lo .producer2 slo .consume r2 lo .ducerl lo .producer2 4o ,producer2 Uo .consumers lo. consumer! slo .consumer2 Qo .producerl Vo.consumer3 Jo .p roducer2 4o.consumer2 Uo .producer1put product1461724380:23222Now th© bufferisput product1461724380:23349Now the butteri