初中英语语法中考复习-主从复合句精讲ppt课件

1、主从复合句Complex Sentences;主从复合句从哪儿来？;I knew the famous actor yesterday.主状定lI knew that the actor appeared on a reality show yesterday. 宾语从句lI knew the actor who was very famous yesterday. 定语从句lI knew the famous actor when I was ten years old.状语从句宾谓;搞定宾语从句;构造： 主句 + 引导词 + 宾语从句宾从跟在动词和介词后面宾语从句考什么？1. 语序 2.

2、引导词 3. 时态什么题型？选择题 & 改写题; I want to know _.A. when we should arrive at the airport B. when should we arrive at the airportC. when the airport we should arrive at D. when the airport should we arrive at宾语从句的语序1. 识别语序;宾语从句的语序宾语从句用陈说句语序衔接词+主语+谓语+其他成分1. His brother asks when will he go to the library

3、 . 2. Can you tell me how can I get to the zoo?His brother asks when he will go to the library .Can you tell me how I can get to the zoo?2. 方法;宾语从句的引导词-We dont know _.-It is said that he was born in Canada.A. what he is B. where he was born C. where he comes from D. if he lives here 1. 识别引导词Are ther

4、e any new markets in Asia? The sales manager wants to know. (合并为一句The sales manager wants to know _ there _ any new markets in Asia. ;宾语从句的引导词由that引导的陈说句2. 方法 三种情况 She doesnt know (that) she is seriously ill. I am sure (that) he will succeed.that只需语法作用，没有真实的意义，可以省略。只需语法作用，没有真实的意义，可以省略。情况一：;宾语从句的引导词由

5、if或whether引导的普通疑问句情况二：I want to know if /whether he lives there. He asked me whether/if I could help him.意为“能否，有确切含义，不能省; I am interested in whether hell go to have a picnic作介词的宾语时，用whether，而不用if.Whether this is true, I am not sure .whether 引导的从句可移到主句之前而if不能。We didnt know whether she had come or not

6、 .后面接or not时，只用whether.He doesnt know whether to go swimming.后接动词不定式时留意;宾语从句的引导词由本来的衔接词引导特殊疑问句情况三：He asked whose handwriting was the best. Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?I dont know why the train is late.;练习1.Do you know _ I could pass the exam?A. that B. whether C. what D. which2. Wed l

7、ike to know_or not. A. whether will the sports meeting come B. if will the sports meeting come C. whether the sports meeting will come D. if the sports meeting will come3. Are there any new markets in Asia? The sales manager wants to know. (合并为一句The sales manager wants to know _ there _ any new mark

8、ets in Asia. BCifare;宾语从句的时态1. 识别 Tim told us that his company _ robots to do some of the work.A. uses B. will use C. will be used D. would use John asked, “Can you look after my pet dog while he was away? (合成宾语从句John asked _ I _ look after his pet dog while he was away.时态;宾语从句的时态2. 方法第一招：从句出招看真理从句为

9、客观真理，用普通如今时Lisa asked whether light _ faster than sound. Scientists have proved that the earth _ around the sun.goesturns;第二招：主句下令定方向主句时态从 句 时 态连 接 前连 接 后普通如今时恣意时态主现从不限 普经过去时主过从过普通如今时普经过去时普经过去时过去完成时普通未来时过去未来时如今进展时过去进展时如今完成时过去完成时;第三招：从句乖乖调时态从句根据本身需求调整确定最终答案The official said they _ a new law to protec

10、t the tourists the next year. A. makes B. would make C. made D. have made John asked, “Can you look after my pet dog while he was away? (合成宾语从句John asked _ I _ look after his pet dog while he was away.ifcould;留意点一：否认转移 I dont think he will come to my party. I think he wont come to my party.条件：谓语动词是t

11、hink,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,expect,fancy,guess等主语是第一人称主句时态为普通如今时从句的否认词转移到主句上来;留意点二：Could/would是委婉语气，而不是过去式所以宾语从句时态根据实践情况确定 Could you tell me which gate we have to go to? Would you like to know when he will come back tomorrow? How can we get to the science museum? Could you tell us? 两句并一句 C

12、ould you tell us how we can get to the science museum?;留意点三：宾语从句的简化 She doesnt know what she should do next. = She doesnt know what to do next.条件：主句的谓语动词是know,remember,forget,learn简化为“疑问词+不定式构造宾从改写为简单句浦东一模The teacher didnt tell us whether we should go on with the discussion or not. (改为简单句 The teache

13、r didnt tell us _ _ go on with the discussion or not.whetherto;总结宾语从句解题三步骤一看语序二看引导词三看时态;宾语从句综合练习1.Tim told us that his company _ robots to do some of the work. A. uses B. will use C. will be used D. would use 2. Jenny told me that she _ an English Speech Contest the next month. A. Takes part in B. i

14、s taking part in C. Took part in D. would take part in 3. We are glad to hear that the Greens _ to a new flat next week. A. moved B. move C. will move D. have moved 4. -What time will Mr. Brown be back to China? -Sorry. I dont know _. A. when did he go abroad B. why he is going abroad C. how soon wi

15、ll he be back D. how long he will stay abroadDDCD;宾语从句综合练习“Who is responsible for the food safety problem? asked the reporter.(改为宾语从句 The reporter asked _ _ responsible for the food safety.“Is it the first boys-only school in the city? asked a parent. (改为宾语从句 A parent asked _ it _ the first boys-onl

16、y school in the city.When can we meet our host families? He didnt tell us. (合并两句为一句 He didnt tell us _ _ meet our host families. Please tell me where we can buy the tickets for the concert this weekend. (改为简单句Please tell me _ _ buy the tickets for the concert this weekend. whowasifwaswhentowhere to;

17、秒杀状语从句;构造： 主句，衔接词+从句 衔接词+从句，主句状语从句考什么？1. 衔接词 2. 时态 什么题型？选择题 & 改写题;八大状语从句时间状语从句地点状语从句缘由状语从句目的状语从句条件状语从句退让状语从句比较状语从句结果状语从句;时间状语从句：衔接词when / while / as当时候It was raining when we arrived.1.While 更强调更强调“在在期间，期间，一段时间一段时间搭配继续形状：搭配继续形状：进展时、延续性动词进展时、延续性动词He fell asleep while he was doing his homework.He l

18、earnt English while he was in America .2.While可以表达一种对比的含义可以表达一种对比的含义We are cleaning the classroom while they are playing football.As包含伴随的意思，可以译为“随着As you get older, three things will happen. The first is your memory goes, and I cant remember the other two;时间状语从句：衔接词before 在之前You need to finish your

19、homework before your teacher arrives here.after 在之后I arrived after he left.主句+过去完成时，before+过去时。;as soon asA： During summer holidays, I often get up as soon as the sun begins to come through my window.B: Isnt that quite early?A: Well, my room faces west.一 就Ill call him as soon as he comes back.他一回来我就

20、给他打。;since自从主句用如今完成时，从句用普经过去时I have never been there again since I graduated from the university.We have made many dumplings since we began to cook. ;Until(till) 直到not until 直到才He didnt leave the office until he finished the work.He didnt go to bed until he finished his homework.;时间状语从句衔接词练习1. Where

21、 was your brother at this time last night?He was writing an _I was watching TV at home. A. as soon as B. after C.until D. whileD2. Will you please give the dictionary to Jane? Sure. Ill give it to her _she arrives here.A.before B.until C. because D. as soon asD3. They didnt go to bed_ the work was f

22、inished.A. when B. while C. until D. afterC;时间状语从句：时态“主将从现常考点：主句未来时、祈使句或谓语动词为情态动词，从句不能用未来时，而要用如今时替代未来时 Aunt Lucy will tell us something about her trip to Australia when she _ back. A. came B. comes C. would come D. will comeBIll tell him the bad news when I see him.I wont leave until Mum comes back.

23、Be careful when you cross the road. 主句为祈使句The traffic must stop when the lights turn red. (主句为情态动词Mother was cooking when I got home yesterday.;时间状语从句综合练习1. John didnt give up looking for a job _ he got an offer from a German company. A. until B. since C. because D. if 2. Peter will cook for his par

24、ents _ the International Day of Families comes. A. unless B. when C. until D. though 3. The students _ the Art Festival when I passed by their school. A. celebrate B. were celebrating C. will celebrate D. have celebrated 4. The Greens _ the welcome party already before Henry came to talk about it. A

25、. has arranged B. would arrange C. were arranging D. had arranged5. All the passengers will be taken directly to the hotel as soon as they _ the plane. A. will get off B. get off C. are getting off D. got offABBDB;条件状语从句：衔接词If假设 If it doesnt rain tomorrow, we will go there by bike.unless除非 You will

26、certainly fail in the coming final exams unless you work much harder.as long as 只需 in case 万一，假使on the condition that 在条件下;练习1.You will surely realize your dream of being a scientist _ you give it up halfway.A. though B. if C. unless D. since2.Jane wont take part in our classs activities voluntarily

27、(自愿地) _ she is asked to.A. If B. unless C. because D. when3.You will achieve nothing _ you work hard in a proper way.A. because B. if C. when D. unlessCBD;条件状语从句：时态“主将从现If Tom _ the game, well give him a surprise. A. win B. wins C. won D. winningB挑战一下！Can you guess if he _to her birthday party this

28、Sunday? I think he will come if he _ free. A. comes, is B. comes, will be C. will come, is D. will come, will be正确答案在这里，他答对了吗？If 在宾语从句中意为“能否 在条件状语中意为“假设 留意区分！;句型转换If you work hard, you will pass the exam.Work hard, _ you will pass the exam.andWork hard, _ you wont pass the exam.or条件状语从句并列句条件状语从句条件状语

29、从句If you work hard, you will pass the exam.You will not pass the exam _ you work hard.unless;结果状语从句：衔接词so + 描画词/副词原级 + that + 句子so that 所以 sothat 如此以致于The book is so difficult that I cant understand it.He ran so quickly that we couldnt catch up with him.such+名词短语+that+句子 She is such a lovely girl th

30、at everyone likes her.It is such a difficult book that I cant understand it.当名词前面有many或much修饰时，用so而不用such。如：We have so much time that we can finish the work very well.;练习结果状语从句连词调查主要在改写句子中出现，调查用sothat将两句并一句！1.This years car exhibition was very special. It attracted many visitors. (合并为一句This years ca

31、r exhibition was _ special _ it attracted many visitors.sothat知识链接：sothat句型可用enough to. 来转化为简单句Lin Dan played badminton very well. He won the Thomas Cup again. (合并为一句)- Lin Dan played badminton so well that he won the Thomas Cup again.Lin Dan played badminton well _ _ win the Thomas Cup again.enough

32、tosothat句型的否认方式可用tooto构造或not enough to来转换, 意为“太而不能He is so young that he cant go to school.=He is too young to go to school.=He is not old enough to go to school;目的状语从句：衔接词so that 以便，为了in order to 为了He must get up early so that he can catch the first bus.He must get up early in order to catch the fi

33、rst bus.从句动词不定式He must get up early so as to catch the first bus.为了;练习1.What would some students like to do after finishing their education? They would like to start to work_ they neednt depend on their parents completely. A.as soon as B.so that C.before DwhileB2.Thomas does exercise every day so th

34、at he can keep fit. (坚持句意不变)Thomas does exercise _ _ every day to keep fit.inorder;缘由状语从句：衔接词由于becauseassince回答why引导的问题强调“既然口语、写作中经常运用Since you cant answer the question, you might as well ask someone else for help.留意英语中由于所以不能同时出现，because和so不能同时出现！;练习1.I hate travelling by air _ you usually have to w

35、ait for hours before the plane takes off.2. A. because B. though C. until D. unless 2. This pet shop is losing its customers _ its staff work slowly and often make mistakes. A. so B. because C. until D. althoughAB3.Bill,_you have finished your homework, lets go to fly kites now. A. though B.after C.

36、before D.sinceD;退让状语从句：衔接词though although虽然，虽然although和though 可以互换，但although 常放在句首。Although it was raining, the plane managed to take off. He wears a T-shirt though it is very cold.Q: although, though可以与but同时出现吗？NO!;退让状语从句：衔接词even if even though 即使Even if you dont like your boss, you should do your

37、work. Even though I might be wrong, I will go my way.;退让状语从句：衔接词however 不论He couldnt get there on time however fast he drove.The boy couldnt make his girlfriend smile however hard he tried.No matter 不论No matter(what, when, where, how) -无论什么，何时，何地，怎样)He wouldnt forgive me no matter how hard I begged

38、him.;练习1._ Mike didnt win the race, he was still wearing a smile on his face.2. A. If B. Since C. Although D. Because 2. _ hiking in the Gobi Desert is not easy, the girl still decides to have a try. A. If B. Although C. When D. AsCB;比较状语从句than The book is more interesting than that one.我书比他多。这本书比那本

39、有趣。I have more books than you (do).Jane比我高多了。Jane is much taller than I/me.比较状语从句普通省略从句的谓语部分。;比较状语从句asasJack is as tall as Tom.杰克和汤姆一样高。as+ adj.原级+ as挑战一下： The volunteer spoke as _ as she could to make the visitors understand her. A. clearly B. more clearly C. most clearly D. the most clearlyA;比较状语从

40、句Not so(as)asThe book is not so interesting as that one.我书没有他多。这本书没有那本有趣。I dont have so many books as you (do).;地点状语从句在地方where wherever上海是一个老外很多的城市。Shanghai is a city where many foreigners live.不论他在哪里，我都要找到他！I will find you wherever you are!地点状语的简化where/ wherever + 不定式我不知道我该去哪里。I dont know where I c

41、an go.I dont know where to go.;击败定语从句;构造： 先行词 + 关系词 + 定语从句定从跟在名词和代词后面定语从句考什么？关系词 什么题型？阅读&写作先行词：定语从句所修饰的名词或代词，被称为先行词。先行词：定语从句所修饰的名词或代词，被称为先行词。 关系词：引导定语从句，并替代先行词，在定语从句中充任某个成分的词。关系词：引导定语从句，并替代先行词，在定语从句中充任某个成分的词。 ;定语从句关系词关系代词 that, which, who, whom, whose,as 关系副词where, when, why ;关系代词作主语作宾语作定语指人who/

42、thatwho/whom/thatwhose指物which/thatwhich/thatwhose1. The girl_ is drawing is Jims sister.2. The boy _we talked about will come.who/that whom/that 3. The dog_wants to eat meat is in my room. 4. The car_ he bought was a second-hand one.which/thatwhich/that5.The house _door is broken is my home.whose;关系

43、代词特殊情况that和which都可以修饰表示物的先行词，有的只能用that，有的只能用which。以下情况只能用that：先行词为不定代词all, few, little, much, everything, nothing, no, some 等,且指物时。如： All (that)you have to do is to practise every day.他要做的就是每天都要练习。There isnt much (that) I can do.我能做的不多。先行词被序数词或描画词的最高级修饰时。如：The first lesson (that) I learned will neve

44、r be forgotten.我将永远不会忘记我上的 第一堂课。This is the best film (that) I have ever seen.这是我看过的最好的一部电影。;关系代词特殊情况以下情况只能用that：先行词被the only, the very, the last, the same 等修饰时。如： The white flower is the only one (that) I really like.这朵白花是我真正喜欢的。This is the very book that) I want to read.这就是我要看的那本书。This is the same

45、 skirt (that) I want to buy.;关系代词特殊情况以下情况只能用that：先行词被the only, the very, the last, the same 等修饰时。如： The white flower is the only one (that) I really like.这朵白花是我真正喜欢的。This is the very book that) I want to read.这就是我要看的那本书。This is the same skirt (that) I want to buy. (同一条裙子)这就是我想买的那条裙子。当主句是以who或 which

46、开头的特殊疑问句时，定语从句用that 引导。如：Who is the man that is standing there?站在那的那个人是谁？Which of us that knows something about physics doesnt know this？在我们懂点物理的人当中有谁不知道这个？;关系代词特殊情况以下情况只能用which：关系代词作介词的宾语时，用“介词which的构造。如：This is the book for_you ask.这是他要的书。引导非限制性定语从句时，只能用which。如： This novel, which I have read three

47、 times, is very touching.这本小说很动人，我曾经读了三遍。which;关系副词when：表示时间：表示时间where：表示地点：表示地点why：表示缘由：表示缘由1.I still remember the day _ I first came to .when2.This is the factory _ I worked two years ago.where3. I know the reason _ he came late. why;定语从句关系词练习1. Sales director is a position _communication ability is just as important as sales skills.A. which B. that C. when D. where2. We live in an age _ more information is available with greater ease th