M3U1 Grammar名词性从句ppt课件

1、M3U1 Grammar and usageppt课件.2He is a football player.What he does is to play footballThis is his job.This is what he does everyday.something thatppt课件.3Related conceptionRelated conception1. 1. 名词名词: : 表示表示 人人 或或 事物事物 的名称的词叫名词。的名称的词叫名词。2. 2. 名词在句子当中一般可以作什么成分名词在句子当中一般可以作什么成分? ?名词在句中一般充当名词在句中一般充当主语主语,

2、 ,宾语宾语, ,表语表语和和同位语同位语。a. The boy is Li Ming.a. The boy is Li Ming.主语主语表语表语 b. M b. Ms. Zhous. Zhou , a m , a middle-aged ladiddle-aged lady, teachesy, teaches us English . us English .主语主语同位语同位语宾语宾语( (相关概念相关概念) )ppt课件.4 在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词充当的主语、在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词充当的主语、宾语、表语和同位语，由一个句子来充当宾语、表语和同位语，由一个句子来充当

3、, ,这个句子这个句子就叫名词性从句。就叫名词性从句。 名词性从句名词性从句名词性从句名词性从句主语从句主语从句 ( The Subject Clause)( The Subject Clause)宾语从句宾语从句 ( The Object Clause)( The Object Clause) 表语从句表语从句 ( The Predicative Clause)( The Predicative Clause)同位语从句同位语从句 ( The Appositive Clause)( The Appositive Clause)ppt课件.5surprised all the students

4、. a. The news 主主 语语 主语从句主语从句_(露西昨天所做的露西昨天所做的) surprised all the students.What Lucy did yesterday ppt课件.6All of life is an act of letting go, but what hurts the most is not taking a moment to say goodby人生也许就是不断地放下，然而令人痛心的是，我都没能好好地与他们道别。人生也许就是不断地放下，然而令人痛心的是，我都没能好好地与他们道别。ppt课件.7is a pity.That you misse

5、d the chance Exercises： 1) That we shall be late is certain. 2) That the earth is round is known to all. Its known to all that the earth is round. Its certain that we shall be late.改为改为it作形式主语作形式主语: _主语从句主语从句 It is a pity that you missed the chance.(it 作形式主语作形式主语)ppt课件.8用用 it 作形式主语作形式主语,常见句型常见句型:1)

6、It is +名词名词+从句从句e.g It is a fact that 事实是事实是 It is no wonder that 难怪难怪 It is common knowledge that 是常识是常识2) It is +形容词形容词+从句从句e.g. It is necessary that 有必要有必要 It is clear that 很清楚很清楚 It is (un)likely that 很（不）可能很（不）可能3) It is +过去分词过去分词+从句从句 e.g. It is said that 据说据说 It is reported that 据报道据报道 It has

7、 been proved that 已证明已证明 It must be pointed out that 必须指出必须指出4) It +不及物动词不及物动词+从句从句 e.g. It seems/appears that 好象是好象是 It happened to me that 碰巧碰巧 It has turned out that 结果是结果是Challenge yourself Challenge yourself to make up some to make up some sentences.sentences.ppt课件.9主语从句主语从句 1. That I can pay b

8、ack the help people give me makes me happy. 2. Whether hell be able to come is not yet known. 3. Why they have not left yet is not clear so far. 4. It was good news that everyone got back safely. 归纳归纳主语从句在复合句中作主语从句在复合句中作_语语, 一般放于一般放于_(主主句谓语动词之前句谓语动词之前), 但当用但当用it作形式主语作形式主语, 主语从句则放主语从句则放于于_。主主句首句首主句之后

9、主句之后ppt课件.10a. I dont know the boy.宾语宾语b. I dont know _. ( (他已经完成了工作他已经完成了工作) )that he has finished his workc. I dont know _. ( (他他是否是否已完成了工作已完成了工作) )whether he has finished his work宾语从句宾语从句ppt课件.11If every unfolding we experience takes us further along in life, then, we are truly experiencing what

10、life is offering.如果我们在人生中体验的每一次转变都让我们在生活中走得更远，如果我们在人生中体验的每一次转变都让我们在生活中走得更远，那么，我们就真正的体验到了生活想让我们体验的东西。那么，我们就真正的体验到了生活想让我们体验的东西。ppt课件.12He thinks necessary. that we should be given more time to practise oral English it that we should be given more time to practise oral English. 当宾语从句后面有当宾语从句后面有补语补语的时候的

11、时候, ,我们也需要用我们也需要用形式宾语形式宾语it, it, 而将宾语从句放在补语之后。而将宾语从句放在补语之后。常见接宾补的动词常见接宾补的动词： find/ find/ feel/think/consider/make/believe +it+feel/think/consider/make/believe +it+补足语补足语+ +宾从宾从宾补宾补宾语宾语宾语从句宾语从句(it 作形式宾语作形式宾语)The conductor has made that no buses will be running clear. （改为（改为it作形式宾语）作形式宾语）_The conducto

12、r has made it clear that no buses will be running.ppt课件.131. She believed that he had not told her the truth.1. She believed that he had not told her the truth.2. I wonder if/whether that2. I wonder if/whether thats a good idea.s a good idea.3. Polly didn3. Polly didnt know which way she should go.t

13、 know which way she should go.4. I4. Im interested in who that tall man is.m interested in who that tall man is.5. There was a discussion about whether Polly had 5. There was a discussion about whether Polly had found the blind man.found the blind man.6. I6. Im happy that you are here.m happy that y

14、ou are here.7. I7. Im sure that you will succeed.m sure that you will succeed.8. We all thought it good news that the fog had 8. We all thought it good news that the fog had finally gone.finally gone.宾语从句宾语从句ppt课件.14归纳归纳a.a.宾语从句宾语从句在复合句中作在复合句中作_语语, 一般放在一般放在_词词, , _ _词或词或_词后。词后。b. 表心理活动的形容词后可接表心理活动的形

15、容词后可接thatthat引导的宾语从句。引导的宾语从句。 常见的形容词有常见的形容词有:_ _等。等。c. 当宾语从句后面有补语的时候当宾语从句后面有补语的时候, 用形式宾语用形式宾语it, 而将而将 宾语从句放在补语宾语从句放在补语之后之后。 常见接宾补的动词：常见接宾补的动词：_ _ + it + 宾补宾补+ 宾语从句宾语从句宾语从句宾语从句宾宾动动介介形容形容glad, happy, afraid, certain,glad, happy, afraid, certain,sure, satisfied, pleasedsure, satisfied, pleasedfind / fe

16、el /think /consider find / feel /think /consider /make /believe /make /believe ppt课件.15a. That is the fact.表语表语 表语从句表语从句That is _.(他所给我的他所给我的) what he gave meppt课件.161.The truth is that the fog is too thick for the bus to run that far.2.My question is whether Polly can find her way home.3. The probl

17、em is how Polly is going to find us in the crowd. 归纳归纳: 表语从句在复合句中作表语从句在复合句中作_语，位于语，位于主句的主句的_动词之后。动词之后。 表语从句表语从句表表连系连系ppt课件.17surprised all the students. The news thatthat he failed in the examhe failed in the exam同位语从句同位语从句the newsthe news= He failed in the examHe failed in the examppt课件.18同位语从句同位语从

18、句 She had a feeling that she was being watched. The news that he couldnt come made us upset. Whatever gave you the idea that I can sing? 归纳归纳：同位语从句同位语从句即即 一个句子作同位语一个句子作同位语, 位于位于_之后，之后，补充说明补充说明前面前面_名词的内容。名词的内容。( (常见的抽象名常见的抽象名词词: :news, promise, idea, suggestion, fact, problem, news, promise, idea, su

19、ggestion, fact, problem, advice, thought, truth, belief, message, hope, orderadvice, thought, truth, belief, message, hope, order抽象名词抽象名词抽象抽象ppt课件.19 一般位于句首一般位于句首, ,但当用但当用it it作形式主语作形式主语, ,主语从句则放于主句之后主语从句则放于主句之后. .1. 1.主语从句主语从句2. 2. 宾语从句宾语从句 位于位于动词动词, , 介词或形容词之后介词或形容词之后3.3.表语从句表语从句位于主句位于主句系动词系动词之后之后

20、 位于抽象名词之后位于抽象名词之后, ,补充说明补充说明 前面抽象名词前面抽象名词( (如如: :news, promise, idea, news, promise, idea, suggestion, fact, problem, advice, thought, suggestion, fact, problem, advice, thought, truth, belief, message, hope, order truth, belief, message, hope, order) )的内容的内容. . 4.4.同位语从句同位语从句表表心理活动的形容词心理活动的形容词有有: :

21、 glad, happy, afraid, glad, happy, afraid, certain, sure, satisfied, pleasedcertain, sure, satisfied, pleased等等. .小结小结名词性从句的功能和位置名词性从句的功能和位置ppt课件.201. That he was absent from class again puzzled his 1. That he was absent from class again puzzled his teacher. teacher. 2. It matters little whether he

22、agrees on our plan or not.2. It matters little whether he agrees on our plan or not.3. We consider it necessary that he should improve his3. We consider it necessary that he should improve his handwriting. handwriting. 4. I take pride in what I have achieved in my life.4. I take pride in what I have

23、 achieved in my life.5. The problem is that they cant get here early enough. 5. The problem is that they cant get here early enough. 6. There is a suggestion that his father should be taken to6. There is a suggestion that his father should be taken to the best hospital for treatment. the best hospit

24、al for treatment.7. She will give whoever needs help a warm support. 7. She will give whoever needs help a warm support. 8. Whatever he says wont change our mind.8. Whatever he says wont change our mind.9. There can be no doubt that she is fit for the job.9. There can be no doubt that she is fit for

25、 the job.10. I suppose tomorrow is when it would be most 10. I suppose tomorrow is when it would be most convenient for us to go fishing. convenient for us to go fishing.主语从句主语从句 _ 宾语从句宾语从句 _表语从句表语从句 _ 同位语从句同位语从句 _1,2,81,2,83,4,7,103,4,7,105,105,106,96,9ppt课件.21Practice : Page 9 Read the scientific

26、article “Pleasant smells reduce pain?”. Underline(在下划线) all the noun clauses you can find. ppt课件.221.(Para1.(Para. .1) The possibility 1) The possibility thatthat pleasant smells might pleasant smells might reduce painreduce pain has rencently been suggested. has rencently been suggested.2.(Para2.(P

27、ara. .2) Since2) Since it it is believed is believed thatthat strong smells can affect strong smells can affect the sensesthe senses,.,.3.(Para3.(Para. .3 3) ) Scientists are interested in Scientists are interested in whetherwhether the sense the sense of of smell is related to pain.smell is related

28、 to pain.4. 4. They are also curious about They are also curious about whetherwhether it is the same for it is the same for both sexes.both sexes.5. 5. the study has proved the study has proved thatthat for women, pleasant smells for women, pleasant smells reduce pain. reduce pain.6. 6. (Para4.)He s

29、ays (Para4.)He says thatthat scientists have already collected scientists have already collected data from 40 volunteers. data from 40 volunteers.主语从句主语从句 宾语从句宾语从句同位语从句同位语从句 宾语从句宾语从句宾语从句宾语从句宾语从句宾语从句ppt课件.237. (Para.4) 7. (Para.4) He adds He adds thatthat this year, scientists will test this year, sc

30、ientists will test another 60 volunteers and will be in a better position another 60 volunteers and will be in a better position toto analyse the results. analyse the results.8 8.(Para.(Para. .5)One explanation is 5)One explanation is thatthat womenwomen s sense s sense of smellof smell is better is

31、 better developed than developed than 9. 9. Scientists used to believeScientists used to believe that that mothers recognize mothers recognize theirtheir children by sight only. children by sight only.10. 10. Now, they have become convinced Now, they have become convinced thatthat the sense ofthe se

32、nse of smell also help smell also helps s. .1111. . However, However, whywhy pleasant smells do not reduce pain in pleasant smells do not reduce pain in men men remains a puzzle for scientists.remains a puzzle for scientists.表语从句表语从句 宾语从句宾语从句宾语从句宾语从句主语从句主语从句 宾语从句宾语从句ppt课件.24Useful words and expressi

33、onsreduce v.减少减少 n. reduction volunteer n.志愿者志愿者 v.自愿做自愿做be required (not) to do sth. 被要求被要求(不不) 做某事做某事sniff v.嗅，闻嗅，闻pleasant adj.令人愉快的令人愉快的 opp. unpleasantbe related to sth. 与某事有关与某事有关be curious about 对对感到好奇感到好奇be in a (better) position to do sth. 有做有做的的(更好更好)条件条件analyse =analyze vt.分析分析 n. analysi

34、s recognize vt. 认出认出,承认承认 n. recognition become convinced that +从句从句 坚信坚信puzzle n.谜谜vt.迷惑迷惑 adj. puzzled / puzzling ppt课件.25名词性从句的引导词名词性从句的引导词从属连词从属连词 连接代词连接代词连接副词连接副词 what, which, who, whose, whateverwhen, where, why, how语序：语序：引导词引导词 + 陈述句的语序陈述句的语序that, if , whether 在从句中不做成分在从句中不做成分在从句中做主语在从句中做主语,

35、,宾语宾语, ,表语或定语表语或定语在从句中做状语在从句中做状语另外：另外：as if , as though, because ppt课件.26ppt课件.27thatthat引导的名词性从句引导的名词性从句1. The radio announced something.2. The mist would become a thick fog. The radio announced that the mist would become a thick fog.（ ）ppt课件.28 The weather will not clear up until next week.2. It i

36、s bad news for us. That the weather will not clear up until next week is bad news for us. It is bad news for us that the weather will not clear up until next week.ppt课件.29 1. Were invited to the concert tonight is good news for us.2. Hes a good student except he is sometimes careless.3. I felt an ho

37、nor that I was given the chance to go abroad. 4. The reason why he gave up the plan was because he lacked money.5. Theres a feeling in me which well never know what a UFO is .6. He said (that) he liked rain and that he wouldnt use an umbrella when it was raining.7. The truth is (that) the buses will

38、 not be running .Correct the mistakes.Thatthatit thatthatppt课件.30小结小结: : thatthat引导名词性从句时引导名词性从句时不作成分不作成分, , 没有含义没有含义, ,仅仅 起连接作用起连接作用. .2. 2. 省略情况：省略情况： A. A.动词之后的宾语从句和表语从句中动词之后的宾语从句和表语从句中that that 可可 以省略以省略, , 但在但在介词介词后的后的宾宾语从句中语从句中不不省略省略 B.B. 主语从句主语从句和和同位语从句中同位语从句中thatthat不不省略省略 C. and/butC. and/b

39、ut连接两个或两个以上由连接两个或两个以上由thatthat引导的引导的 宾语从句时宾语从句时, ,只能省略第一个只能省略第一个thatthat. .3.3.在在 The reason why.is_ The reason why.is_ 的句中的句中只用只用 that.that.4. doubt4. doubt后的从句后的从句, ,否定和疑问句否定和疑问句用用thatthat引导。引导。 I I dondont doubt t doubt that that he run fast, but I he run fast, but I doubt doubt whether / if whet

40、her / if he will win the game.he will win the game.ppt课件.31ppt课件.32whether/if( (是否是否) ) 引导的名词性从句引导的名词性从句1. She wondered.2. Would the buses still be running? She wondered whether/if the buses still be running.ppt课件.33 2. It keeps me wondering. Whether it is going to clear up keeps me wondering. 1. Is

41、 it going to clear up? It keeps me wondering whether it is going to clear up.ppt课件.341. -I think its going to be a big problem. -Yes, it could be. -I wonder _ we can do anything about it.2.She is not certain about _ she has done anything wrong. 3. What the doctors really doubt is _ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.4._ the international medical conference will be held in Beijing is still a question. if/whetherwhetherWhetherif if 或或whetherwhether引导的从句引导的从