第一章国际商务导论ppt课件

1、Chapter 1 Globalizing Business第一章 全球化的商务活动;International Business and Global Business2International Business (IB) is defined:1. a business (firm) that engages in international (cross-border) economic activities 2. the action of doing business abroad. ;International Business and Global Business3Globa

2、l Business: Business around the globe.The activities include both:1. international (cross-border) activities covered by traditional International business books and；2. domestic business activities.;International Business and Global Business4Many previously national (domestic) markets are now globali

3、zed.Emerging economies/Emerging markets.;Why Study global business?51. First, because many ambitious students aspire to join the top ranks of large firms, expertise in global business is often a prerequisite.Expatriate manager (expat): A manager who works abroad.International premium: A significant

4、pay raise commanded by expats when working overseas. ;Why Study global business?62. Second, even for graduates at large companies with no aspiration to compete for the top job and for individuals who work at small firms or are self-employed, you may find yourself dealing with foreign-owned suppliers

5、 and buyers, competing with foreign-invested firms in your home market, and perhaps even selling and investing overseas. ;A unified framework 7Fundamental question:What determines the success and failure of firms around the globe?Institution-based view:Formal and informalRules of the gameResource-ba

6、sed view:Firm-specificResources and capabilities;First Core Perspective: An Institution-Based View8An institution-based view suggests that success and failure of firms are enabled and constrained by the different rules of the game. The institution-based view suggests that firms success and failure a

7、round the globe are largely determined by their environments. ;First Core Perspective: An Institution-Based View9Some formal rules of the game would enhance the potential odds for foreign firms success.Other rules of the game, which may discriminate against foreign firms, would undermine the chances

8、 for foreign entrants. In addition to formal rules, informal rules such as cultures, ethics, and norms play an important part in shaping the success and failure of firms around the globe. ;Second Core Perspective:A Resource-Based View10The resource-based view focuses on a firms internal resources an

9、d capabilities. Foreign firms have to overcome a liability of foreignness, which is the inherent disadvantage that foreign firms experience in host countries because of their nonnative status.;What is globalization?11Globalization refers to the shift toward a more integrated and interdependent world

10、 economy. ProductionMarkets;The Globalization of Markets12The globalization of markets refers to the merging of historically distinct and separate national markets into one huge global marketplace. It has been argued for some time that the tastes and preferences of consumers in different nations are

11、 beginning to converge on some global norm.The most global markets currently are not markets for consumer products.;The Globalization of Markets-Starbucks13;The Globalization of Production14The globalization of production refers to the sourcing of goods and services from locations around the globe t

12、o take advantage of national differences in the cost and quality of factors of production ( such as labor, energy, land, and capital). ;The Emergence of Global Institutions15World Trade Organization 世界贸易组织International Monetary Fund 国际货币基金组织World Bank 世界银行United Nations 结合国;WTO16;WTO members17;China

13、 and WTO18;The WTO can19;WBG20;Drivers of Globalization21Declining Trade and Investment BarriersThe Role of Technological Change Microprocessors and telecommunications The Internet and world wide web Transportation technology Implications for the globalization of productionImplications for the Globa

14、lization of Markets;The Changing Demographics of the Global Economy22The Changing World Output and World Trade PicturesThe Changing Foreign Direct Investment PictureThe Changing Nature of The Multinational Enterprise;The Globalization Debate23Anti-globalization PretestsGlobalization, Jobs, and Incom

15、eGlobalization and National SovereigntyGlobalization and the Worlds Poor;Managing in the Global Marketplace24In Sum, managing an international business if different from managing a purely domestic business for at least four reasons:1. countries are different2. the range of problems confronted by a manager in an international business is wider and the problems themselves more complex than those confronted by a manager in domestic