状语从句用法总结计划完整.doc

1、状语从句用法总结计划完整 止, 所在句子的主句 用完成 )Mozartstartedwriting musicwhen hewasfouryearsold.He visited alotof places whilehe wastraveling.He left the classroom afterhe had finishedhishomeworkthe otherday.when, while 和 as 的区 when 引 的从句的 可以是延 性的 ，又可以是瞬 。并且when有 表示 “就在那 ”, when andthen; at thatmoment 。When she came

2、in, I sped eating.WhenI livedinthe countryside,I usedtocarrysome water forhim.We were about to leave when he came in.While引 的从句的 必 是延 性的，并 主句和从句的 作同 生（或者相 ）。并且while 有 可以表示 比。Whilemy wifewas readingthenewspaper,I was watchingTV.I likeplayingfootball whileyoulikeplaying basketball.As 表示 “一 一 ”， as 引 的

3、 作是延 性的 作，一般用于主句和从句 作同 生；as 也可以 “一先一后。Wealwayssingas we walk.Aswewas goingout,itbegan tosnow.before 和 after 引 的 状 从句before 的本意 “在 之前 ”，根据具体 境 可理解 着 没 就 ，不知不 就 ， 才 ”等。After表示主句 作 生在从句 作之后。“ 没来得及/ 没有 就 ，趁Itwillbe fourdays before they come back.Einsteinalmostknockedme down before he saw me.Myfatherhadl

4、eft forCanadajust before the letter arrived.Theyhadnotbeen married fourmonths before they were divorced.Afteryouthink it over, pleaselet me know what youdecide.Afterwehadfinishedthe work,we went home.till或 until 引导的时间状语从句till和 until 一般情况下两者可以互换，但是在强调句型中多用until 。如果主句中的谓语动词是瞬时动词时，必须用否定形式；如果主句中的谓语动词是延续

5、性动词时，用肯定或否定形式都可以，但表达的意思不同。Ididn#;tgotobed until （ till ） my fathercame back.Itwas notuntil the meeting was over thathe began to teach me English.Iworkeduntilhecame back.我工作到他回来为止。Ididn#;tworkuntilhe came back.他回来我这才开始工作。由 since 引导的时间状语从句。since 引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词，又可以是瞬时动词。一般情况下，从句谓语动词用一般过去时，而主句的谓语动词

6、用现在完成时。但在Itis时间since 从句的句型中，主句多用一般现在时。I havebeeninBeijingsinceyouleft.Wherehaveyoubeen sinceI lastsawyou?Itis fouryears sincemysisterlivedinBeijing.我妹妹不在北京住有四年了。Itis fivemonthssinceourboss was inBeijing. 我们老板离开北京有五个月了。2地点状语从句常用引导词：where特殊引导词：wherever,anywhere,everywhereGenerally,airwillbeheavilypoll

7、utedwherethere arefactories.Whereveryougo,youshouldworkhard.句型 1： Where 地点从句，（there ）主句。Where there is no rain, farmingisdifficultor impossible.They were good persons. Wheretheywent,theretheywere warmly welcomed.You should have put the book where you foundit.Where theCommunistPartyof China goes, the

8、re the people are liberated.句型 2： Anywhere/wherever地点从句，主句。Wherevertheseais, you willfindseamen.3原因状语从句常用引导词：because, since,as, for特殊引 ：seeingthat( 由于， 于), nowthat( 既然 ),in that,consideringthat( 考到 ), giventhat( 考 到 ).Myfriendsdislikeme because I mhandsomeandsuccessful.Nowthateverybodyhas come,let s

9、beginourconference.Consideringthathe is no morethan 12 yearsold,hisheightof1.80m isquiteremarkable.Seeing that you realready at the door, I suppose I must inviteyou inside.Considering hesonly si_teen year old, he is not fitfor the job.Given that she is interested in children, I am sure teaching is t

10、he rightcareer for her.because, since, as, for 辨析1） because最 ，用来 明人所不知的原因，回答why 提出的 。当原因是 而易 的或已 人 所知，就用as 或since 。I didn t go,because Iwas afraid.Since/Asthe weatherisso bad, wehavetodelayourjourney.2）由 because 引 的从句如果放在句末，且前面有逗号， 可以用for 来代替。但如果不是 明直接原因，而是多种情况加以推断，就只能用for 。Heis absenttoday,becaus e

11、 / forhe isill.Hemustbe ill,forhe is absent today.3)as 和for的区 ：通常情况下，as 引 的从句在主句前，for 引 的从句在主句后。Asthe weatheris cold,Istayathome.（同 句）I stayat home,forthe weatheris cold.4目的状语从句常用引 ：so that,inorderthat特殊引 ：lest,incase,forfearthat ， inthehopethat, forthepurposethat,to theendthatThebossaskedthesecreta

12、rytohurryup withtheletterssothathe couldsignthem.Theteacher raisedhisvoiceonpurpose that the studentsinthe backcouldhear more clearly.5结果状语从句常用引 ：so ?that,such ?that,特殊引 ：such that,tothe degreethat,tothe e_tentthat,tosuch a degree that,(such是形容 ，修 名 或名 ，so 是副 ，只能修 形容 或副 。)Hegot upso early that he ca

13、ughtthefirst bus.It suchagood chance that we mustnotmiss it.Tosuchadegree was he e_citedthathecouldn t sleep last night.6条件状语从句常用引 ：if,unless,特殊引 ：as/so longas, onlyif,providing/providedthat,supposingse that,on conditionthatWell startourprojectifthe presidentagrees.Youwillcertainlysucceedso longas y

14、oukeepon trying.Providedthatthereis no opposition,weshallholdthe meetinghere.that,in ca条件状 从句和 状 从句一 ，从句的 不能用一般将来 、 去将来 或将来完成 ，而要用相 的一般 在 、一般 去 和 在完成 来替代。Tell me in case you get into difficulty.Supposing he does not come, shall we go without him?7让步状语从句常用引 ：though,although, even if,eventhough特殊引 ：as

15、(用在 步状 从句中必 要倒装)， while (一般用在句首)， nomatter ? ， inspite ofthefact that, while,whatever, whoever,wherever,whenever,however,whicheverMuchasIrespecthim,Icant agreeto hisproposal.Theold man alwaysenjoys swimmingeventhough the weather is rough.Nomatterhow hardhe tried, she couldnotchange her mind.as, thou

16、gh引 的倒装句as / though 引 的 步从句必 表 或状 提前（形容 、 副 、 分 、 提前） 。Childas/though hewas,he knew whatwasthe right thingto do.= Thoughhe wasasmallchild, he knew what was the right thing todo.注意：句首名 不能 任何冠 。句首是 ，其他助 放在主 后。如果 有 和状 ，随 一起放在主 之前。Try hardashewill, henever seems able to do the work satisfactorily.=Thoug

17、hhetrieshard,he never seems?nomatterwho= whoevernomatterwhen=whenevernomatterwhere=wherevernomatterwhich=whicheverno matterhow= however注意： no matter不能引 主 从句和 从句。（ ） No matter what you say isof no use now.（ ） Whateveryou say is of nouse now.（ ） Prisonershave to eat no matterwhat they regiven,（ ） Pris

18、onershave to eat whateverthey re given.8比较状语从句常用引 ：as(同 比 ),than( 不同程度的比 )特殊引 ：themorethe more ? ; justas ? ， so?; A is to B what /as_ is to Y;nomore than;not A so much as BSheisas bad-tempered as her mother.The more you e_ercise, thehealthier youwillbe.Foodis to men what oilisto machine.nomorethan

19、只不 (嫌少的意思)notmorethan 不如。(前者不如后者 )I havenomore thantwopens.It nosmore thana miletothe shops.Jackis notmorediligentthan John.one of the+名 (复数 ) ?.之一 (用于最高 )HanMeiisone of the beststudents inour school.9方式状语从句常用引 ：as, (ju st)as?so?, as if/though(“正如 ?”， “就像 ”)特殊引 ：the wayWheninRome,do as theRomando.Sh

20、e behavedas ifshe werethe boss.Sometimeswe teach ourchildrenthewayourparentshavetaughtus.as if,as though两者的意 和用法相同，引出的状 从句 多用虚 气，表示与事 相反，有也用 述 气，表示所 情况是事 或 的可能性 大。常作“ 仿佛 似的” ，“ 好像 似的 ” They completely He looks as ifignorethese factsas if(as though)theynevere_isted.(as though)he had been hitbylightin

21、g.状语从句的省略状 从句同 具 下列两个条件:主句和从句的主 一致，或从句主 it；从句主要 是be 的某种形式。从句中的主 和be常可省略。When ( the museum is ) completed,themuseumwillbeopen to the public ne_t year .Hell go to the seaside forhisholidayif(itis)possible.另外，比较状语从句经常省略。I mtallertha nhe (is tall).The higherthetemperature(is),thegreaterthepressure(is).状

22、语从句的“ 省略” 现象常存在于以下五种状语从句中:由if,unless 等引导的条件状语从句;由although,though,evenif/ though 等引导的让步状语从句;由when,while,as, before,after,until/ till等引导的时间状语从句;由as, as if 等引导的方式状语从句;由 as, than 等引导的比较状语从句。下面针对这五种情形作归纳。(1) 当状语从句的主语是it, 且谓语动词是be 时 ,it和 be 要完全简化掉。If (it is)possible,hewill helpyou outofthedifficulty.Youmustattendthemeeting unless(itis)inconvenient toyou(2) 当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致时,从句可以将主语和be 动词简化掉。常用于以下几种情形:a.连词 + 形容词As(he was)young,he learnedhowtorideabike.Whenever(she is)free,sheoftengoesshopping.Work hard when(youare)young,oryou#;llregret.b.连词 + 名词While (hewas) a young boy, hewasalways r