(译林版)8BUnit6Sunshineforall知识点详解

1、8B Unit6 Sunshine for all 知识点详解【comic strip&welcome to the unit 1. I ' draining to be a volunteer for the Olympic Games.我在训练成为一名奥林匹克运动会的志愿者。train此处用作动词，意为“培训，接受训练”。train for sth.因某事而训练。for后表示目的。她正在为快到的运动会做训练。She is the coming sports meeting.train as sth 作为（职业）接受训练。as后接职业名词。他正在训练成为一名医生。He is

2、training a doctor.We should train students to form good habits.我们应该训练学生养成好的习惯。【拓展】train还可用作可数名词，意为"火车" 。I' go there train.我会坐火车去那儿。（2）training是不可数名词，意为"训练"。 You need training.你需要更多的训I练。go into training 开始训练。2. Will you support me, Eddie?你会支持我吗，艾迪？support此处用作及物动词，意为“支持，支撑，鼓励”

3、。I don， t his opinion.我不支持他的看法。【拓展】support还可用作不可数名词，意为“支持，拥护“ 。He needs our.他需要我们的支持。 supporter可数名词，意为“支持者，拥护者"。He has many.他有很多拥护者。3. It ' meaningful to do something for the Olympics. 为奥运会做事情是很有意义的。meaningful形容词，"有意义的"，其反义词为 meaningless,“无意义的"，在句中可作表语或定语。What he did is 他所做的很

4、有意义。He gave me a look.他意味深长地看了我一眼。mean动词，意味着，意思是 。 meaning可数名词，意思，意义。4. How can I help then?那么我怎么才能帮助（你）？辨析：can 与 be able tocan “能”，会指“有能力做某事”，只有现在时和过去时两种时态。“可能”，可以用来表示请求、允许；be able to能，会指“经过努力而成功地做某事”，可用于各种时态；不能表示可能性的推测5. I need some more food to eat at work.我工作时需要吃更多的食物。some more意为“再来一点，再多一点"

5、，more多与some, many, much, any或数词连用，并位于它们的后面，表示“再，又”。I need tickets.我还需要两张票。Let ' cook your fish .咱们把你的鱼再多烤一会儿。【拓展】“数词+ more +名词"相当于"another +数词+名词”We want to buy ten more apples. = We want to buy another ten apples. 我们想再买 10 个苹果。more and more 越来越，more or less 或多或少， no more = not any mor

6、e 不再, once more z 再一次，6. a blind person 一位盲人blind形容词，失明的，瞎的。 blindness名词，失明。He is blind his left eye. 他左眼失明。7. a deaf people失聪人deaf形容词，聋的，听不见的。deafness名词，失聪。8. disabledadj.形容词1.残废的，有缺陷的，丧失能力的。2.有残疾的，无能力的。【拓展】vt.及物动词 1.使无能力， 使残废9. elderlyelderly是形容词，较老的，上年纪的“。elderly是委婉用语，意为上了年纪的，一般不说old man而用elderly

7、 man代替，the elderly泛指老人。His mother's elder sister is an elderly woman now.【拓展】elder和eldest主要表示的是长幼顺序而非年龄大小。主要用于表示家庭成员之间的长幼关系, 如my elder brother （我的兄长/哥哥），her eldest boy/girl （她的长子/长女）10. They can provide special places for homeless people to stay.他们可以为无家可归的人提供特别的地方居住。homeless形容词，意为“无家可归的”，在句中可作定语

8、或表语，它是由" home +否定后缀less”构成的。 无家可归的人没有自己的地方可住。 people don't have their own places to vide sth. for sb. = provide sb. with sth.意为“为某人提供某物”。They often provide food for hungry children. = They often provide hungry children food.他们经常为饥饿的孩子们提供食物。reading 1. Liu Ming did not know what to ex

9、pect when he volunteered for the Special Olympics World Summer Games in Sh anghai, back in October 2007.当刘明为2007年10月在上海举行的夏季特奥会做志愿者时，他不知道能期待什么。expect及物动词，意为“期待，指望，预料” 。expect sthexpect to do sth I expect my good friend in Paris.我期待在巴黎见到我的好朋友。expecthat 从句 I that he will pass the exam.我期望他能通过考试。volunt

10、eer此处用作不及物动词，意为“志愿做” ，还可以用作可数名词，意为“志愿者”。I want to be a volunteer to help the children in the mountain areas.我想做一名志愿者去帮助山区的孩子。 volunteer for sth没人志愿打扫教室。No one for the classroom.volunteer to do sth 没人志愿打扫教室No one to the classroom.2. the most amazing experience of his life3. It's fantastic to work

11、 as a volunteer.4. The Special Olympics World Summer Games give children and adults with intellectual disabilities a chance to show their skills to the world.特奥会给有智力缺陷的孩子和成人一个向全世界展示能力的机会。句中的 with intellectual disabilities 为后置定语，修饰 children and adults。介词短语作定语一般要后置。The students on duty are cleaning th

12、e classroom.值日生正在打扫教室。chance可数名词，意为“机会”，强调偶然性。You have no chance now.你现在没有机会了。I will give you a chance to volunteer.我会给你一个做志愿者的机会。give sb a chance 被某人一个机会,have a chance to do sth有做某事的机会have no chance to do sth , take a chance 冒险，by chance 意夕卜的， 偶然的 = chance to do sth碰巧，偶然做某事此处chance是动词3. They includ

13、e many events similar to those n the Olympics 它们包括很多与奥运会类似的项目。include 是动词The team includes 7 boys.including 是介词，放在名词的前面I have 5 good friends, including Tom and Jhonincluded是形容词，通常做后置定语，放在名词的后面 I have 5 good friends,Tom and Jhon included.event此处为可数名词，意为“比赛项目；大事” 。How many events are there at your sch

14、ool sports meeting? 你1学校运动会有多少比赛项 目?It 'an in history.那是历史上的一件大事。similar形容词，意为“类似的“，be similar to意为“与,相似“，其中to为介词，其后多接名词或代词。Their life is similar to ours.他们的生活和我们的相似。【拓展】be similar in意为"在”方面相似"。 They are similar in colour .它们在颜色上相似。4. Over 40,000 people gave up their spare time for the

15、 2007 Special Olympics World Games.为了 2007年特奥会4万多人放弃了他们的休息时间。give up意为“放弃”，是动副结构的短语，此处作为动词词组使用，后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语。He gave up the journey.他放弃了这次旅行。Don' give up studying.不要放弃学习。give up sth / give up doing sth.【拓展】give up是动副结构的短语，人称代词要放在动词和副词中间。Don' worry. I will give it up.不要担心，我会放弃它的。5. Then

16、 they provided support for the athletes and helped make the event a great success.然后，他们为运动员提供支持，使本届特奥会取得很大的成功。make the event a great success 是 “make + sb./sth. + 名词” 结构， 其中 the event 是 make 的宾语，a great success为其宾语补足语。Hard life makes the boy a man.艰苦的生活使这个男孩成为一个男子汉。We made Tom our monitor.我们让汤姆做我们的班长

17、。【拓展】make后还可以用形容词、过去分词作宾语补足语。The boy often his mother 这个男孩经常让他妈妈生气。I can ' make myself understood in Chinese.我说汉语，人家听不懂。6. I was the swimming coach我是一个游泳教练。coach此处为可数名词，意为“教练”，其复数形式为“ coaches”。Both of them are coaches.他们俩都是教练。【拓展】coach还可用作及物动词，意为“训练，指导” 。Can you help coach a football team for li

18、ttle kids? 你可以帮助训练一支少年足球队吗？training表示技术的训练（一般意义），coach表示的是级别高的人对级别低的人（技术上面）的训练提高。coach作为名词还有“客车，长途汽车”的意思。A coach got to the station. 一辆客车到达了车站。7. He was born with intellectual disabilities. 他生下来就有智力缺陷。be born with 意为"生来具有，" He was born with a weak body.他生来体弱。8. To Li Hai, the most importan

19、t thing is not to win a gold or a silver , but to take part.对李海来说，最重要的不是赢得金牌或银牌，而是参与。gold 此处为可数名词，意为“金牌” 。 He won many golds. 他赢得了很多金牌。【拓展】gold还可用作不可数名词，意为“黄金，金子” 。How much gold do you have? 你有多少黄金？ gold 还可用作形容词，意为“金黄色的；金质的” 。The girl with a gold watch is Mary. 那个戴金表的女孩是玛丽。gold 强调的是物质,而 golden 强调的是颜

20、色.9. He tried his best and finished fourth.当序数词表示名次时，前面的 the 可以省略。如 Who won the (first) prize ?9. He feels more confident now because of the Special Olympics World Games.由于特奥会，他现在觉得更自信了。confident 形容词，意为“自信的” ，可以作表语或定语。He is a confident person. 他是一个自信的人。【拓展】be confident of sth. 意为“对 , 有信心” ； be confi

21、dent 后面也可以接that 从句。Mary is confident of passing the exam. = Mary is confident that she can pass the exam.玛丽有信心能通过考试。feel more confident = fee more sure10. Athletes and volunteers from different backgrounds feel like part of one big family.来自不同背景的运动员和志愿者就像一个大家庭中的一员。feel like 意为“觉得，感觉像是” ， like 是介词，后跟

22、动词 -ing 形式。I feel like that I am ill. 我觉得我病了。【拓展】 feel like 还可意为“想要，想” 。 Do you feel like a cup of tea? 你想要一杯茶吗？11. It s great for us to work closely with these special athletes.对我们来说，能和这些特殊运动员们近距离共事真的很棒。closely 副词，意为“密切地” 。 The teacher noticed that student closely. 老师密切地关注着那个学生。辨析： closely 和 closec

23、losely 副词 ，密切地 ，表示抽象性的“接近” 。副词 ，接近地，不远 ，表示场所、位置的“接近”close 形容词 邻近的，亲密的 。表示位置、关系的“近”This problem is closely connected with that one. 这个问题与那个问题密切相关。His father lives quite close by. 他父亲和他住的很近。My close friend shouse is close to the school. 我挚友的家紧邻学校。It s dangerous for us to take a look at the tiger in th

24、e zoo. ( close/closely)12. You get to help them achieve their dreams你有机会帮助他们实现梦想,get to do sth. 此处意为“有机会做某事，得到做某事的机会” 。He got to take part in the Olympics. 他得到了参加奥运会的机会。【拓展】 get to sb. 意为“使某人恼怒或生气，影响某人” 。Don t let them get to you. 不要让他们影响你。achieve 及物动词，意为“实现，达到” 。主语多为人，长用来表示“取得成就，达到目的” 。Mary hopes to achieve her dreams. 玛丽希望实现她的梦想。achieve的主语则是人。【拓展】come true意为“实现”，其主语是梦想之类的事物;I think your dream will come true. 我认为你的梦想会实现的。=I think you will achieve your dream. 我认为你会实现你的梦想的。13. I know some people offer to help without getting paid for the event.我知道一些人不要报酬主动为比赛项目提供帮助。offer