外研版小学英语语法总复习知识点归纳定稿版

1、H-GX8Q8外研版小学英语语法总复习知识点归纳精编IBM system offi外研版小学英语语法总复习知识点归纳一、时态1. 一般现在时(1)表示经常发生的动作或事情，通常用“usually通常，often常常，every每, sometimes 有时，always 总是，”等词。(2)基本结构：主语 I / You / We / They /He / She / It肯定句：主语+动词原形或动词第三人称单数形式否定句：主语+ don' t +动词原形或者doesn' t +动原一般疑问句(Yes/No) DoYes, I do. No, I don， t.Does(动词原

2、形)Yes, he/she does. No, he/she doesn' t.特殊疑问句What do How does she(动词原形)(3)动词第三人称单数形式(同名词单数变成复数方法相同)1 . 一般情况 +s /in ：walk-walks2 .辅音字母+y结尾 去y +ies fly-flies3 . 结尾是 s, x, sh, ch +es watch-watches4 .结尾是 0 +es do-does, go-goes5 .特殊 have-has2. 现在进行时(1)表示正在发生的动作，通常用“now现在，look看，linsen听”.(2)基本形式：be +动词

3、-ingeg: I am (not) doing my homework.You/We/They are (not) reading. He/She/It is (not) eating.What are you doingIs he reading(3)动词的现在分词形式(动词+ing)一般情况 +ing walkwalking结尾是不发音的e -e + ing come一coming重读闭音节 双写最后一个字母+ing swimswimming run-running3. 一般过去时(1)表示过去已经发生的事情,通常用“last上一个，just now刚才，many years ago许多

4、年前，yesterday昨天”等词。(2) be 动词的过去式：am/is一wasare一were(3)过去式基本结构肯定句：主语+动词过去式1 went shopping last night.否定句：主语+ didn, t +动词原形I didn' t go shopping last night.一般疑问句(Yes/No)Did+动词原形Did you go shopping last night特殊疑问句(wh-) What did+动词原形What did you do last night动词过去式的变化:规则动词的变化:(1)一般动词 +ed planted, water

5、ed, climbed(2)以不发音的e结尾+d liked tied(3)辅音字母加 y 结尾 -y+ iedstudy一studied, cry- cried(4)重读闭音节单词，末尾只有一个辅音字双写最后一个字母+edplan - plannedstop - stopped不规则动词的变化：原形过去式原形过去式原形过去式am /iswasareweregowentdodidfindfoundbuyboughteatatefeelfeltdrinkdrankteachtaughttaketookreadreadgivegavehavehadputputsingsangdrivedrovem

6、eetmetcut cutbeginbeganmakemadesee sawrun ranride rodecome camedraw drewsit sattell toldlearn learntget gotcarry carriedstudy studiedlet letring rangwrite wrote4. 一般将来时一般将来时表示将来打算做的事或将要发生的事情。常常与tomorrow, next Sunday等 时间状语连用。结构:be going to +动词原形或will +动词原形例如：I' m going to visit my grandpa next we

7、ek.二、人称代词主格 Iweyou hesheitthey宾格 me usyou himheritthem形容词性物主代词my our your his her its their名词性物主代词mine ours yours his hers its theris（注:介词，动词后面跟宾格。后面没有名词时用名词性物主代词。）三、可数名词的复数形式1 .一般名词：+ s book - books2 .辅音字母加 y 结尾：- y+ iesstorystories3 .以 s, x, sh, ch ,结尾：+ esglassglasses; a watch-watches以。结尾：1）有生命的

8、+espotato-potatoes2）无生命的 +s photo-photoes4 .以 f 或 fe 结尾：- f 或 fe 变为 ves knife - knives; shelf-shelves5 .特殊的名词复数：man-men, woman-women, policeman-polieemen, policewoman-polieewomen, mouse-mice, child-childrenfoot-feet,. tooth-teethfish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese,四、不可数名词（没有复数形式）bread, rice, w

9、ater, juice, milk, tea, coffee五、缩略形式I' m = I amyou re = you areshe' s = she ishe' s = he ishasn' t = he has (got) it' s = it iswho* s =who is can' t=can not isn' t=is not didn' t=did notweren? t=were not wasn' t=was not let' s=let usr 11=1 win六、a. an . the的用法1

10、.单词的第一读音是辅音读音:a book, a peach, a “U”单词的第一个读音是元音读音:an egg, an hour, an "F”2. the要注意的:球类前面不加the, play football乐器前面要加the, play the piano序数词前面要加the, the second七、介词1 表示方位：on, in , in front of, between, next to, near, beside, at, behind., under2 .表示时间：(1)at :几点前面用at如:at six o' clock,没有day的节日前用at如

11、:at Christmas,固定词组 at the weekends , at night(2)on:用于星期，日期，某一天的上午、下午、晚上(指具体的某一天时)on Sunday在星期天on Sunday morning在星期天的上午on March 8在3月8日；带 有Day的节日前用on如：on National Day(3) in：早晨，中午，晚上前用 in： in the morning , in the afternoon , in the evening ,月份前用in，如in December ;季节前用in，如winter;年份前用in,如 in 1999八、基数词变成序数词

12、的方法1.直接在基数词词尾加上th。如：seventh第七，tenth第十，thirteenth第十三，2. 以y结尾的基数词，变y为i,再加上eth。如：twentieth第二十。3 .不规则的。如：first 第一，second 第二，third 第三，fifth 第五，eighth 第 八，ninth 第九，twelfth 第十二。4 .有两个或以上单词组成的基数词只改最后一个单词如twenty-first第二十一。九、 some /any的用法1 .肯定句中用 some： I have some toys in my bedroom.2 .问句和否定句中用 any：Do you hav

13、e any brothers or sistersHe hasn, t got any pencils in his pencil-case.3 .询问想要什么时用 some:Would you like some juiceCan I have some stamps十、there be结构1 .肯定句（有）：There is +单数或不可数名词There are + 复数注:遵循就近原则，看靠there be最近的2 . 一般疑问句（有吗，）：Is there Yes, there is. / No, there isn, t.Are there* Yes, there are. /No,

14、 there aren' t.3 .否定句（没有）：There isn' t .There aren, t.4 . there be句型与have （has）的区别：there be表示在某地有某物（或人）；have （has）表 示某人拥有某物。H*一、祈使句Sit down please.Don* t open the door, please.Let' s go to the park.（注:祈使句中动词用原形）十二、（情态）动词can, may, must, should, will后面直接用动词原形。1. I / He / She / They can sin

15、g.May I come inI must go now.2. You should be quiet in the library. 3. You' 11 be good friends.十四、特殊疑问句1. What什么（问什么事，什么物或什么工作等）What are you doing, I' m reading.What did you do yesterday I played basketball.What are you going to do I' m going to do homework.What is that It' s a book.

16、What does he/she do? She' s a nurse.What time is itIt' s seven.2. What colour 问颜色What colour is your coat It' s red.3. when什么时候When do you get up I get up at six thirty.When is your birthday It' s on the 21st of December.4. Which 哪一个Which is your watch, the yellow one or the white on

17、e?The yellow is mine.5. Who 谁Who is the man with a big nose He' s my uncle.6. Whose 谁的Whose bag is it It' s his bag.7. Where 哪里Where is my penIt' s under the book.8. Why为什么Why do you like summer Because9. How many 多少How many books are there in the school bag?There are four books in the s

18、chool bag.10. How old 几岁How old is the young man He' s nineteen.11. How much 多少钱How much is the toy bear It' s eleven yuan.12. How 怎么样(How long/ big/tall)How do you go to school everyday I go to school by car.How long is the river It' s 10 miles long.十五.已经学过的动词sayhelpknowlostlivereadruntakelistentalkseedrawjumpsin