2019年高三二轮复习--七选五的解题技巧+虚拟语气的复习

1、2019年高三二轮复习-七选五的解题技巧+虚拟语气的复习一.课程介绍知识点1 .归纳讲解七选五的解题技巧2 .重点语法：虚拟语气的复习教学重点1 .掌握并运用好七选五的解题技巧2 .准确辨析及正确使用虚拟语气教学难点七选五的解题策略二.要点回顾I.用情态动词填空1 .-Can' t you stay a little longer?It ' s getting late. I really go now, My daughter is homelane.2 . I have worried before I came to the new school, for my clas

2、smates here are very friendly to me.3 .Sorry, Mum! I failed the job interview again. Oh, it's too bad. You have made full preparations.4 . You feel all the training a waste of time, but I ' m a hundred percent sure later you' ll begrateful you did it .5 .You be careful with the camera. I

3、t costs!【答案】1.must【解析】根据句意“我必须走了，我女儿独自在家”【答案】2.needn't【解析】根据句意“在来这所新学校之前我本不必担心，因为我的同学对我都非常友好”【答案】3.should【解析】考查should have done的用法“本应该做某事”根据句意“你本应该做出充分准备”【答案】4.may【解析】根据句意，“你可能感觉这些训练是浪费时间，但是我百分百确信，以后你会感激 你所做的”【答案】5. must【解析】你必须小心对待这个相机。它很值钱啊。II.完形填空I've been married for seven years to an ext

4、raordinary woman , actress Catherine Zeta-Jones.We have two children , a daughter,4, and a son,7.My life is _1_around my family's schedule.Our daughter just _2_kindergarten and our son began the second_3_ last week.They are at a precious age, and I don't want to miss a minute of it._4_all pa

5、rents , I labor to keep them on schedule, and try to teach them 5 to think positively and to work through daily life.I also try hard to be sure they have 6 .I read with my kids every night.That has become a _7_ for me.We've moved to the island of Bermuda , where I spent a lot of time as a(n) _8_

6、 (my mother is in Bermuda and still has a large family there) . I 9 my schedule to my wife's , since she is in the prime(全盛期 )of her_10_ .The school year tells us when we are going to travel.The kids know what Mommy does for a living, _11 they have never seen Daddy's movies (they're tooy

7、oung), so Mommy makes_12_ and Daddy makes pancakes! I don't really _13_ , but I am the take-out and home-delivery expert.I enjoy it.It's all given me great _14 .Don't get me wrong.I still go to work , but now only on projects I really care about.I have a new movie _15_ called King of Cal

8、ifornia .We _16_ it in only 31 days , not like some of the 90- day shooting schedules of the 17.There is so much to learn in_18_r_a family.Basically , you want to try to leave this earth having given more to it than having taken_19_.That makes you a good citizen of the planet.If I can_20_ this on fr

9、om generation to generation , that's as close to immortality(永久)as I can hopeto get.1.A.fixedB. centeredC.goneD. spread2.A.startedB. offeredC.suppliedD. gave3.A.classB. schoolC.gradeD. term4.A.LikeB.AsC.ForD. With5.A.whenB. whatC.whereD. how6. A.horrorB. funC. gameD. honor7. A.successB. failureC

10、. favoritep D. struggle8. A.kidB. adultC. merchantD. waiter9. A.adoptB. arouseC. ariseD. adjust10. A.businessB. careerC. crisisD. affair11. A.howeverB. soC. butD. and12. A.moviesB. pancakesC. foodD. dish13. A.workB. careC. waitD. cook14. A.troubleB. satisfactionC. painD. terror15. A.coming outB. com

11、ing upC. coming across D. coming over16. A.watchedB. sawC. filmedD. observed17. A.formerB. latterC. nextD. past18. A.bringingB. raisingC. takingD. leaving19. A.awayB. upC. offD. on20. A.leaveB. giveC. passD. hand答案：1-5. BACAD 6-10. BCADB 11-15.CADBA16-20. CDBAC三.知识精要（一）七选五的解题思路知识清单1 .通读整篇文章，把握整段语脉，理

12、出文章的中心在做七选五文章时， 首先要通读整篇文章，大致弄清文章结构，理出文章中心。语篇通常由段落构成，所以分析篇章结构包括两个层次：一是分析段落之间的层次；二是分析每个段落内部的层次。选项与前后句之间的逻辑关系，是确定答案的主要依据。注意文章的首段和末段，译为英文写作常见方法为“开门见山式”和“结尾总结式”。首段对于快速掌握文章主题具有重要意义。如果它是文章的主题句，就可以使读者迅速明确文章情节将如何展开，并对文章的写作主题有个整体的了解。如果首段没有主题句，则需要继续寻找。 这时可以考虑文章的写作方式是否为“结尾总结式”，如果两者均可排除，则需在文章中其他段落寻找主题句，但要注意首段和末段

13、的提示作用。2 .辨别语境线索边读边做题，重点阅读各个问题附近的句子，圈定线索词，然后从选项中寻找相关的特征词，以确定答案。做题时可以采用带入排除法。如果一题做不出或拿不准，可先放过，继续往下读，先做容易的、能做出的题，直到读完整篇文章。至此，文章的要点和主旨、各个段落之间的逻辑关系应基本清楚了。再将剩余选项放入空白处，看看是否与上下文构成语义及逻辑上的直接关系，是否符合该处语境，能否承接前后的写作线索。3 .确定答案，入文复查在完成选项定位后，应通读全文，检查文章内容是否完整，语义是否连贯、合理，各段落内容是否紧扣主题，语篇结构是否连贯、具有一致性、合乎逻辑，写作思路是否清晰明了，格式以及用

14、语是否得当，从而判断选择的答案是否正确。同时，我们还应注意对相近选项的对比分析。个别干扰项由于与某个正确选项的内容相近而具有很强的干扰性，这时就需要我们认真分析、仔细甄别，从而得出正确选项。4 .语法虚拟语气虚拟语气是通过特殊的谓语动词形式来表达的愿望、假设、怀疑、猜测或建议等语气，它不表不客观存在。一、虚拟语气在单句中的用法常用来表示祝愿、采用固定的倒装句式。例如：Long live the People s Republic of China!中华人民共和国万岁！be happy!广快乐！May you have a good time!祝你T 玩得愉快！succeed!J 成功！make

15、 progress!进步！二、虚拟语气在复合句中的用法：1 .在非真实性条件句与主句中的用法1）表示与现在事实相反条件从句主句一过去时（be多用于were）would/should/could/might +动词原形例如：If I were you,I should accept the invitation.如果我是你，我会接受邀请的。If I had time,I would go there.如果我有空，我就去那儿。2）与过去事实相反条件从句主句过去完成时would/should/could/might + have done例如：If you had come earlier,you

16、could n' t/wouldn ' t have missed the bus.如果你早点来，你就不会错过那辆公共汽车了。If he had seen you yesterday,he would have returned your book.如果他昨天见到了你，他就会还你的书的。3）与将来事实可能相反条件从句主句一过去时（be多用were）should do,were to dowould/should/could/might +动词原形例如：If it should rain/were to rain/rained tomorrow,the sports meet w

17、ould beput off.万一明天下雨，运动会就推迟。（事实上明天下雨的可能性不大。）If you dropped/should drop/were to drop the glass,it would break.万一杯子掉下来会打碎的。4） if的省略如果条件句中有 were,had,should等助动词，可将if省略，而把 were,had或should 置于句首，来表达以if引导的条件句的相同意思。例如：Should it rain/were it to rain tomorrow,the sports meet would be put off.Had he seen you y

18、esterday,he would have returned your book.5）条件句或主句的省略当有上下文或上下句中的语言环境暗示的时候，表示虚拟语气的从句或主句往往可以省 略，以避免重复。例如：Why didn' t you attend the party yesterday?I would/should have,but I was too busy then.I was surprised that you didn' t like this job.You could have doneftbetter了 if youhad liked it.)6)混合时间

19、条件句与主句条件句与主句的动作发生的时间有先后之差，应按各自动作时间搭配好相应的结构形 式。例如：If the teacher hadn ' t been ill yesterday,who could give us a lecture now?/If you had reviewed the lesson,you would answer the question now.7)含蓄条件句与主句即用 without( = but for),or(else)代替 if 从句。例如： Without/But for his help,we wouldn ' t have made

20、 such great pro gresshis help,we wouldn t have made such great progress.< there hadn 1 been 1f we hadn't got2 .在as if/as though引导的状语从句中用法:在as if/as though引导的状语从句中，谓语动词多用倒退一个时间段的方式来表达虚拟语气。例如:The man speaks as if he were a foreigner./The speaker told us a lot about that country as though he had

21、 been there many times./They talked as if they had been good friends for years.注：as if/as though从句中不一定都要用虚拟语气。如果情况真实性、可能性很大，就 要用正常时态来描绘。例如：It looks as if it is going to rain.天看起来象要下雨。（下雨的可能 性很大。）3 .在宾语从句、表语从句、主语从句中的用法：1、在wish后的宾语从句中的用法：A.与过去事实相反的愿望：宾从谓语为"haddone”形式。仞0口：I wish I had passedyester

22、day s exam.要是我昨天的考试及格了该多好。B.与现在事实相反的愿望：宾从谓语为“di邮式。仞如：He wishes he was as clever asyou./I wish I had a large room to live in.C.表示将来愿望： 宾从谓语用 "would/could do形式。例如：How I wish I would go abroad next year!2)在 suggest,propose,demand,request,require,order,insist 等动词后的宾语从句中，谓语为“(should) do形式。例如：I sugge

23、st/propose/demand/request/require/order/ insist that he(should) be sent to the nearest hospital as soon as possible.3)在“It is (about/high) time+ that从句”结构中，that从句的谓语用一般过去 时或"should do形式。仞如：It is high time he started /should started.他该开始了。4)在表语从句、 同位语从句中的用法：在 suggestion,proposal,request,requirem

24、ent, advice等名词后的表语从句、同位语从句中，谓语用“(should) do形式例如：My suggestion is that we (should) send a few comrades to help the other groups./He gave an order that the work be done at once.四.要点讲练【要点1】七选五：【例题1】(2016全国卷I)Secret codes (密码)keep messages private. Banks, companies, and government agencies use secret co

25、des in doing business, especially when information is sent by computer.People have used secret codes for thousands of years. 36 Code breaking never lags (落后) far behind code making. The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.There are three main types of cryptography.

26、37 For example, the first letters of "My elephant eats too many eels" spell out the hidden message "Meet me."38 You might represent each letter with a number, for example. Let's number the letters of the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26. If we substitute a number for each let

27、ter, the message "Meet me" would read "13 5 5 20 13 5."A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences. To read the message of a real code, you must have a code book. 39 For example, "bridge" might stand for "meet" and "out" might stand f

28、or "me." The message "Bridge out" would actually mean "Meet me." _40_However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long. So codes must be changed frequently.A. It is very hard to break a code without the code book.B. In any language, some letters are used more

29、 than others.C. Only people who know the keyword can read the message.D. As long as there have been codes, have tried to break them.E. You can hide a message by having the first letter of each word spell it out.F. With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words.G. Anoth

30、er way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet. 答案与解析：36【答案】D【解析】根据后面的句子" Code breaking never lags （落后）far behind code making."其中 关键词"break”与选项中D的"break”吻合，且句意可以衔接。37【答案】E【解析】根据后面的句子“ For example, the first letters of "My elephant ea

31、ts too many eels" spell out the hidden message "Meet me."”举例中所说的是"字母”，并出现关键词"letter” 和"spell out”所以可以确定选E。38【答案】G【解析】上一段说了一种密码方式，所以该段就是说“另一种”尤其句意符合后面。39【答案】F【解析】根据前面的关键词“a code book”可知，后面在讲与之有关的内容，故选F". Witha code book,。“40【答案】A【解析】该段一直在讲跟密码书有关的事情，尤其后句转折也说密码书，所以该空选

32、Ao“没有密码书很难破译密码”【例题2】（2016全国卷II）A garden that ' s just right for youHave you ever visited a garden that seemed just right for you, where the atmosphere of the garden appeared to total more than the sum（ 总和）of its parts? 36_. But it doesn ' t happen by accident. It starts with looking inside y

33、ourself and understanding who you are with respect to the natural world and how you approach the gardening process.37Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants, flowers, patterns and masses of color. Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer

34、 fertilizers（月日料）. 38 . However, there are a number of other reasons that might explain whyyou want to garden. One of them comes from our earliest years. Recall回忆）your childhood memoriesOur model of what a garden should be often goes back to childhood. Grandma' s rose gardenand Dad ' s veget

35、able garden might be good or bad, but that' s not what -howimportant.being in those gardens made us feel. If youild 'a powerfol bond with your garden, startby taking some time to recall the gardens of your youth. 40 then go outside and work out aplan to translate your childhood memories into

36、 your grown-up garden. Have fun.A. Know why you gardenB. Find a good place for your own gardenC. It ' s our experience of the garden that mattersD. It ' s delightful to see so many beautiful flowersE. Still others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plantsF. You can produce that kin

37、d of magical quality in your own garden, tooG. For each of those gardens, writer down the strongest memory you have答案与解析：36【答案】F【解析】根据该空后面的句子“But it doesn ' t happen by accident.1是它并不是偶然发生，可知“ it”指的是前面的句子内容，故选 F, “你也可以创造出同样的魔幻般的效果在自 己的花园中”37【答案】A【解析】A选项符合标题句的特点，同时下文有“ there are a number of other

38、 reasons ”所 以该段在讲原因。38【答案】E【解析】该句符合前后的句意逻辑衔接。前面讲了各种原因，“some,others,所以此处又讲了别的原因39【答案】C【解析】与前面的句子衔接。前句" but that ' s not what ' s importan啷不是重要的地方。所以接下来就要说什么才重要。故选 C "It ' s our experience of the garden that matters正是种花园的经历才 重要。要注意本句是强调句，同时 matter的动词词义是“重要，要紧”40【答案】G【解析】 本段的小标题“R

39、ecall（回忆）your childhood memories”,说明该段与记忆有关，同 时后面也有关键词“ memory"，所以选G。【例题3】（2016全国卷III ）Everyone knows that fish is good for health.16 But it seems that many people don' t cook fishat home. Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year, but we eat twice as much fish in

40、restaurants as at home. Buying, storing, and cooking fish isn17 This text ' t difficult.is about how to buy and cook fish in an easy way.18 Fresh fish should smell sweet: you s hould feel that you ' re standing at the ocean ' s edge.Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isn19 W he nre

41、ou. have bought a fish and arrivehome, you ' d better store the fish in the refrigerator if you don' t cook it immediately, but freshshould be stored in your fridge for only a day or two. Frozen fish isn' t as tasty as the fresh orThere are many common methods used to cook fish. 20 First

42、,clean it and season it with your choice of spices（调料）Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot for 8 to 10 minutes if it weighs about one pound.（A larger one willtake more time.）Then,it rea dy to serve.A.Do not buy it.B.The easiest is to steam it.C.This is how you can do it.D.It jus

43、t requires a little knowledge.E.The fish will go bad within hours.F.When buying fish,you should first smell it.G.The fats in fish are though to help prevent heart disease.答案与解析：16【答案】G【解析】与前句并列，在讲鱼的好处。然后才转折。17【答案】D【解析】根据前句"Buying, storing, and cooking fish isn册 dfcul句承接，“只需要一点只是"故选 D 18【答案

44、】F【解析】根据后面的关键词“ smell"，所以选F “当你买的时候，你应该先闻闻它”19【答案】A【解析】与前句顺承，前面说“它不新鲜了”所以接下来就说“别买它”20【答案】B【解析】与前句顺承。“有许多方法来烹制它" cook是关键词。所以下文要说烹制的方法, 故选B, “最容易的方法是蒸”【例题 4】（2015 全国卷 I） Building Trust in a Relationship AgainTrust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences, 36 . That is a risk.

45、 But you can' tbe successful when there ' s a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake.Unfortunately, we' veall been victims of betrayal. Whether we' vebeen suffer from, lied to , misled, or cheated on,

46、 there are different levels of losing trust. Sometimes people simply can ' t trust anymore, 37. It ' s understandable, but if you' re willing to build trust in a relationship again,we have some steps you can take to get you there.38 having confidence in yourself will help you make better

47、 choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being.39 If you ' veoeen betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance. But there ' as difference between being a victim and living with a“ victim mentality ” . At some point in all oflives, we ' ll have our tr

48、ust tested or violated.You didn ' lo se a everything Once trust is lost, what is left? Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life. 40_instead, it ' s a healthy way to work through the experi

49、ence to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.A. Learn to really trust yourself.B. It is putting confidence in someone.C. Stop regarding yourself as the victim.D. Remember that you can expect the best in return.E. They ' ve been too badly hurt and they can' t bear to let it happen a

50、gain.F. This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.G. Seeing the positive side of things doesn t mean you re ignoring what happened.答案与解析36【答案】B【解析】前面解释的是trust,所以横线上表示的应该是对信任的解释，所以选 B.37【答案】E【解析】根据前句Sometimes people simply can ' t trust anymore如他们受到严重的伤害且不 能忍

51、受再次发生。故选 E。38【答案】A【解析】根据后句可知此段主要讲述要学会信任自己。故选 Ao39【答案】C【解析】根据后面可知此段主要讲述不要认为自己是受害者。故选 Co40【答案】G【解析】根据前一句和后一句可知既要看到事情的积极面，也不要忽视所发生的事情。故选Go【例题5】（2015全国卷II）Training for a marathon requires careful preparation and steady, gradual increases in the length of the runs.36 C_, buy the best-fitting, best-built

52、running shoes you can find. No one can say which brand will work best for you or feel best on your feet, so you have to rely on your experience and on the feel of each pair as you shop. When you have found shoes that seem right, walk in them for a few days to double-check the fit.37 E_. As always, y

53、ou should stretch（ 伸 展）at least ten minutes before each run to prevent injuries.During the first week, do not think about distance, but run five minutes longer each day._38 A_, it is wise to take a day off to rest. But during the next week, set a goal of at least a mile and a half per run._39 _D. Af

54、ter two weeks, start timing yourself.40 G_. Depending on the kind of race you plan to enter, you can set up a timetable for the remaining weeks before the race. A. After six daysB. For a good marathon runnerC. Before you begin your trainingD. With each day, increase the distance by a half mileE. If

55、they still feel good, you can begin running in themF. Time spent for preparation raises the quality of trainingG. Now you are ready to figure out a goal of improving distance and time答案与解析36【答案】C【解析】通过后句buy the best-fitting, best-built running shoes you can find 描述的是开始训练前的准备工作，所以此处应选择Co37【答案】E【解析】前一

56、句讲述的对象是鞋shoes,所以这一句提到鞋会用到they,前面在说鞋的适合问题，E答案接着用still说明若是还是感觉很棒，就可以开始穿着鞋跑步啦。38【答案】A【解析】前一句说到了第一周，以及每一天的跑步时间要求，后一句又说到休息一天，所 以本句选择A六天后比较合适。39【答案】D【解析】前一句说道第二周每次跑步的距离问题，所以后一句选择 D答案，时间和距离 都有所相关。40【答案】G【解析】前面内容说到前两周就跑步时间和跑步距离的问题，并且前一句也说到限时问题，基本问题都已经说完，所以此处应该说到进一步提高跑步成绩的句子，所以G合适。【例题6】（2017全国卷I）If anyone ha

57、d told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping.I would have laughed heartily. Campers, in my eyes, were people who enjoyed insect bites, ill-cooked meals, and uncomfortable sleeping bags. They had nothing in common with me. 36.The friends who introduced me to camping

58、thought that it meant to be a pioneer.37We sleep in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom. This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctor' s bill for my son ' s food poisoning.I was, nevertheless, talked into going on another fun-filled holiday in the wilderness. _38 Instead, we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air co