高二英语Book6Module1Grammar过去分词讲解

1、高二英语Book 6 Module1 Grammar过去分词讲解 Step1 自主学习过去分词两个显著的特点即:从时间上讲，表示动作已经完成；从语态上讲，表示被动的概念，但是如果是不及物动词用作过去分词形式，则只表示动作的完成，而没有被动意义。如 fallen leaves 落叶 retired workers 退休工人 。过去分词主要起形容词或副词的作用,表示"被动、完成”的意义,在句中作状语、定语、补足语、表语等。选择分词时,关键看分词与其逻辑主语的关系,若是其逻辑主语主动发出的动作,选用现在分词;若是被动动作,则选用过去分词。 过去分词用法总结如下:一、  表语: 1

2、The cup is broken. 2The door remains locked.3She looked disappointed. 二、  定语:要求学生必须掌握过去分词做定语的位置 ，告诉他们单个过去分词及由过去分词构成的复合形容词作定语时，通常置于被修饰词之前，但修饰代词时，需置于被修饰词之后，而过去分词短语作定语也要后置，即要放在被修饰词之后。1. We needed much more qualified workers. ( 单个过去分词作定语)2. The girl dressed in white is my daughter. ( 过去分词短语作定语)3. I

3、s there anything unsolved? There is nothing changed here since I left this town.(如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no+thing/body/one 所构成的复合代词或指示代词those等时，尽管是单个的过去分词作定语，也要放在被修饰词的后面)4. This is a state-owned factory. This is a newly built building. Advertising is a highly developed industry. (单个过去分词与名词或副词构成复合形容词

4、时，放在其修饰的名词前作前置定语)三、  宾语补足语:能够带过去分词作宾语补足语的动词有:1） see, hear, find ,feel, think等表示感觉和心理状态的动词He found his hometown greatly changed when he came back from abroad.He once heard the song sung in German.Every thought the match lost. 2) make, get, have, keep 等表示“致使”意义的动词: Hes going to have his hair cut.

5、 She had her foot injured in the fall. When you talk, you have to at least make yourself understood. Please keep us informed of the latest developments. ( 请让我们了解最新的发展情况。)四、  状语:The trainer appeared, followed by six little dogs.Once seen, it can never be forgotten. =Once it is seen,Seen from the

6、 hill, the park looks very beautiful = When it is seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful.Given more time, we could do it much better. = If we were given more time, we could do it much better.语法演练一、 考查过去分词作状语 过去分词作状语可表示原因、时间、条件、伴随等。有时过去分词前也可加上连词when, while, if, unless, though等。过去分词作状语,其逻辑主

7、语是句子中的主语,表示被动或完成意义。例如: 1. _ in 1636,Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States. A. Being founded B. It was founded C. Founded D. Founding 2. _ time, he'll make a first-class tennis player. A. Having given B. To give C. Giving D. Given Unless _ to speak, you should remain

8、 silent at the conference. A. invited B. inviting C. being invited D. having invited Generally speaking, _ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect.A when taking B when taken C when to take D when to be taken二、 考查过去分词作定语 过去分词作定语,其逻辑主语是所修饰的名词或代词,表示一个被动或完成的动作,相当于一个被动的定语从句。3. Prices of

9、daily goods _ through a computer can be lower than store prices. A. are bought B. bought C. been bought D. buying 4. The Olympic Games, _ in 776 B.C., did not include women players until 1912. A. first playing B. to be first played C. first played D. to be first playing 三、 考查过去分词作补足语 过去分词作宾语补足语时,逻辑主

10、语是其前面的宾语,表示一个被动或完成的动作。例如: 5. The murderer was brought in, with his hands _ behind his back. A. being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied 四、 考查过去分词作表语 过去分词作表语,其主语通常是人,表示主语所处的状态或表示主语对某事的感觉,意思是"(某人).的"而现在分词作表语时,其主语通常是物,表示主语的特征,意思是“令人.的”。常用作表语的过去分词有: interested, moved, discouraged, amuse

11、d, astonished, surprised, frightened, excited, moved, inspired, tired, worried, hurt, crowded, gone, broken, dressed, wounded, pleased,等等。例如: 6. As we joined the big crowd, I got _ from my friends. A. separated B. spared C. lost D. missed 另外,有些以过去分词形式出现的词,其词性和意思都已发生了变化,须引起同学们的注意。例如: 7. _ the general

12、 state of his health, it may take him a while to recover from the operation. A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given “Given”在此处是介词,意思是“在.的情况下;考虑到”。 答案:1-5 CDBCD 6-7 AA 你对第1面的过去分词高考考点透析一文理解得如何?为了使你加深印象,检测一下你的复习效果,请做下面选自高考试题的单项填空练习。为了Step2 巩固训练 你开动脑筋,不盲目猜题,本练习题中也包括其它非谓语动词形式的习题。 1. Because of my

13、poor English I'm afraid I can't make myself_. A. understand B. to understand C. understanding D. understood 2. The workers want us_ together with them. A. work B. working C. to work D. worked 3. What's the language_in Germany? A. speaking B. spoken C. be spoken D. to speak 4. _some offic

14、ials, Napoleon inspected his army. A. Followed B. Followed by C. Being followed D. Having been followed by 5. Most of the people_ to the party were famous scientists. A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. inviting 6. He was disappointed to find his suggestions_. A. been turned down B. turned d

15、own C. to be turned down D. to turn down 7. Do you know the boy_ under the big tree? A. lay B. lain C. laying D. lying 8. -Good morning. Can I help you? -I'd like to have this package_, madam. A. be weighed B. to be weighed C. to weigh D. weighed 9. There was a terrible noise_ the sudden burst o

16、f light. A. followed B. following C. to be followed D. being followed 10. _more attention, the trees could have grown better. A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given 11. The secretary worked late into the night, _a long speech for the president. A. to prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. was pr

17、eparing 12. It was so cold that they kept the fire _all night. A. to burn B. burn C. burning D. burned 13. Generally speaking,_ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect. A. when taking B. when taken C. when to take 14. Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage _the girl and took

18、 her away,_ into the woods. A. seizing;disappeared B.seized; disappeared C. seizing; disappearing D.seized; disappearing 15. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains_ whether they will enjoy it. A. to see B. to be seen C. seeing D. seen 16. The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain_ as the plane was making a landing. A. seat B. seating C. se