考研英语二-基础课PPT课件

1、考研英语二-基础课1. 五大基本句型 主语+谓语 主语+谓语+宾语（主谓宾） 主语+系动词+表语（主系表） 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语 主语+谓语+宾语+宾补基本句型 一 +（主谓）共同特点: 句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。Time flies. 光阴似箭Class begins. 上课了The man doesnt smoke. 这个男人不抽烟Everybody has arrived. 每个人都到了基本句型二（主系表）共同特点：谓语动词是连系动词, 不能表达完整的意思, 必须加上一个表明主语特征、身份、状态的表语。The

2、 dinner smells delicious. 晚饭闻起来很香He feels happy. 他感觉很开心Everything looks different. 一切看上去都不同了He is strong and tall. 他既壮又高基本句型三 + +O （主谓宾）共同特点：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整, 这类动词也叫做及物动词。Who konws the answer? 谁知道答案He understands English. 他懂英语He made cakes. 他做了蛋糕They ate some a

3、pples. 他们吃了一些苹果基本句型四（主谓间宾直宾）共同特点：谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者 (物），另一个是动作的间接承受者（人）。间接宾语 (第二宾语), 去掉之后，对整个句子的影响不大直接宾语 (主要宾语)，表示动作是对谁做的或为谁做的，在句中不可或缺She passed him a new dress. 她递给他一件新连衣裙She cooked Lucy a delicious meal. 她给露西做了一顿美味的饭Lily brought her husband a new watch. 李莉给她的丈夫买了一块新表I told her

4、nothing. 我什么也没告诉她I gave him my pictures. 我给他我的照片Exercises：He gave me a nice bag. 他给了我一个漂亮的包She shows us a nice plane model. 她给我们展示了一个漂亮的飞机模型My mum bought me a pair of new shoes. 我的妈妈给我买了一双新鞋I named my dog “ Tom”. 我给我的狗取名汤姆He thinks it a good idea. 他认为这是个好主意 引导这类双宾语的常见动词有：allow,assign,bring,buy,cause

5、,choose,find,get,give,grant,hand,leave,lend,offer,pass,pay,promise,read,recommend,refuse,sell,send,show,take,teach,touch 间接宾语可改为to引导的短语放在直宾的后面。即：主语+谓语+直宾+to+间宾She passed him a new dress.She cooked her a delicious meal. 间接宾语可改为to引导的短语放在直宾的后面。即：主语+谓语+直宾+to+间宾She passed him a new dress.She passed a new

6、 dress to him.She cooked her a delicious meal.She cooked a delicious meal to her.间接宾语只能改为to引导的动词有：give，show，hand，lend，offer，pass，sell，return，rent，send，teach，tell，pay等 间接宾语可改为for引导的短语放在直宾的后面。即：主语+谓语+直宾+for+间宾。Lily brought her husband a new watch.I gave him my pictures. 间接宾语可改为for引导的短语放在直宾的后面。即：主语+谓语+

7、直宾+for+间宾。Lily brought her husband a new watch.Lily brought a new watch for her husband.I gave him my pictures.I gave my pictures for him.间接宾语只能改为for引导的动词有：keep，draw，buy，find，make，prepare，order，cook，choose，book，designExercise: translation我的妈妈给我买了一本书我不会告诉她们实话我的妈妈给我买了一本书My mum bought me a book .My mum

8、 bought a book for me.我不会告诉她们实话I do not tell them the truth.I do not tell the truth to them.基本句型五 + +O +（主谓宾宾补）“宾语补语”统称为“复合宾语”。宾语补足语的主要作用或者是补充、说明宾语的特点、身份等由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、分词、动词不定式等充当宾补We keep the table clean.(形容词做宾补)我们保持桌子干净I saw a thief stealing money.(现在分词做宾补)我看见一个小偷在偷东西Dont leave me behind.(副词做宾补）

9、不要丢下我不管Exercise: translation他们邀请Jason在会上发言。我发现历史课相当乏味。他们邀请Jason在会上发言。They invited Jason to speak at the meeting.我发现历史课相当乏味。I found the history rather boring.Practice ：You jump; I jump 你跳；我就跳Practice ：You jump; I jump (主谓)Practice ：I love three things.我爱三件事Practice ：I love three things. (主谓宾)Practice

10、 ：The crowd suddenly grew quiet.人群突然变得很安静Practice ：The crowd suddenly grew quiet. (主系表)Practice ：Dreams of finding lost treasure almost came true recently.最近，寻找丢失财宝的梦想几乎成真了Practice ：Dreams of finding lost treasure almost came true recently. (主系表)Practice ：Everybody knows him. 人人都知道他Practice ：Everybo

11、dy knows him. (主谓宾)Practice ：He really makes me crazy.你真的把我弄疯了Practice ：He really makes me crazy.(主谓宾宾补)Practice ：He will cook me a delicious meal after he finishes this task.完成这项任务后，他将为我做一顿美味的饭Practice ：He will cook me a delicious meal after he finishes this task.（主谓间宾直宾）Practice ：Yesterday I had my hair cut.昨天我理发了Practice ：Yesterday I had my hair cut.（ 主谓宾宾补）Practice ：They find it necessary to learn a foreign language.他们发现有必要学习一门外语Practice ：They find it necessary t