仁爱英语九年级上册语言知识点2

1、一、重点词汇（一） 词形转换unit 1 the changing worldtopic 1 china has developed rapidly in recent years.1. training 动词 train “训练”2. whole 同音词 hole3. tidy 近义词 clean4. develop 名词 development（形容词） developed“发达的” ; developing“进展中的”5. rapid 副词 rapidly6. old 比较级 older; elder7. recent 副词 recently8. narrow 反义词 wide9. ti

2、tle 近义词 subject 二重点短语1. have a good summer holiday过一个开心的暑假2. come back from从回来3. work for为工作4. feel sorry for对深表怜悯5. a disabled childrens home一家残疾儿童哺育院6. the whole holiday整个假期7. tell stories to kids给小孩讲故事8. learnfrom从当中学习9. feed a child喂小孩10. do farm work干农活11. go to summer classes上暑期班12. write an a

3、rticle about写一篇有关的文章13. have a hard/ happy life过着艰苦的 / 幸福的生活14. in the past/ future在过去 / 在将来15. in detail具体地16. at sunrise在日出时17. have no chance to do sth.没有机会做某事18. afford to do sth担负得起 做某事19. give support to sb.给某人帮忙 /支持20. get a good education获得良好的训练21. searchfor为了搜寻22. have little food to eat吃不饱

4、23. dress warmly穿得暖24. with the development of随着的进展25. have a balanced diet饮食均衡26. play musical instruments演奏乐器27. sleep in the open air在户外睡觉28. study/ go abroad在国外学习 / 出国29. enter/ win/ lose a competition参与 / 赢得 / 输掉竞赛30. enjoy beijing opera观赏京剧31. used to do sth.过去常做某事32. at sunrise在日出时33. go hung

5、ry变饿了34. fall ill得病 / 患病35. divideinto把分成36. feel satisfied with对感到满意37. see. oneself亲眼观察38. make progress取得进步39. thanks to多亏 ; 幸亏；由于40. stand for代表41. with the help of在的帮忙下42. draw up an outline拟定提纲三、重点句型1. you have just comeback from your hometown.你刚刚从你的家乡返回；2. there goes the bell.= the bell is ri

6、nging.铃响了；3. have you spent the whole holiday working here. 你整个暑期都在那里工作吗？4. is that so. 真是那样吗？5. can you describe it in detail. 你能具体地说说吗？6. our job was to grow cotton.（ 作表语） 我的工作是种植棉花；7. i had to divide my money into two parts. 我不得不把钱 分成两份 ；8. he has seenthe changes in beijing himself. 他 亲眼目睹 了北京的变化

7、；9. i think it is important toremember the past, live in the present and dream about the future.我认为 记住过去、立足现在、展望将来特别重要；10 thanks to / because ofthe governments efforts.由于 政府的努力；四、重点学问点1. though i had no time to travel, i still felt very happy this holiday.尽管我没时间去旅行，但这个假期我仍旧感到很开心； though 从属连词，用来引导让步状

8、语从句，表“虽然；尽管”，不能与 but 连用； 如： though he is poor, he is happy. = he is poor, but he is happy.尽管他很贫困，但是他很欢乐；2. could you please tell me something about chinese teenagers. 请告知我一些有关中国青少年的一些事情好吗 ？could /would you please not do sth？ 请（不）做某事好吗？如： could you please turn down your radio.请把收音机声音调低好吗？ would you p

9、lease not play football here.请不要在这儿踢球好吗？3. parents couldnt afford education for their children.父母供不起孩子上学；afford常与 can, could 或 be able to 连用，特别用于否定句或疑问句，表“负担得起（做）某事；抽得出（时间） ”“cant/ couldnt afford to do sth. ” 如：we cant afford to buy this house because we dont have enough money.我们买不这房了，由于我们没有足够的钱；he

10、felt he couldn t afford any time to play football.他觉得自己没有时间踢球了；4. our government gives support to poor families.我们的政府能为贫困家庭供应帮忙；give support to sb.= give sb. support 为某人供应帮忙/ 支持support 作动词时表“供养；支持；支撑”， 如：she had to support her family at the age of ten.她十岁时就得养家； his parents supported him in his decis

11、ion. 他的父母支持他的打算；the two sticks support the tree. 两根木棍支撑着这棵树；5. why not go and searchthe internet for some information.为什么不上网查找相关信息呢？ search sp. for sth.搜查某地查找某物 search sb. for sth.搜身查找某物search for sth./ sb.= look for sth./ sb.搜寻某物 / 某人 ； 如：the villagers searched the woods for the lost children. 村民们在

12、树林里查找失踪的孩子们；the police searched the man for the stolen money. 警察搜那个男人的身，查找被偷的钱； he is searching/ looking for his missing keys.他在查找他丢的钥匙；6. i used to be a chilld laborer.我以前是 一个童工；used to be/ do过去曾是 /常做be used to do sth. = be used for doing sth.被用来做某事be/ get used to doing sth. 习惯于（做）某事；如： i used to b

13、e a chinese teacher. 我过去曾是一名语文老师；i used to swim in this river.我过去常在这条河中游泳；knives are used to cut things.= knives are used for cutting things.刀子被用砍东西；we are used to getting up earlier now. 现在我们习惯于早起；7. we often went hungry because the boss didnt give us enough food to eat.我们常常受饿，由于老板不给我们足够的食物；在这里是系动词

14、，表“变得” ,后跟形容词 ,构成系表结构 . 如: the food on the table went bad. 桌面上的食物 变坏了 .8. one part was used to help support my family,to help send my elder brother to school. 一部分钱用来供养全家人 ,另一部分用来供哥哥上学.a) one partthe other part一部分另一部分b) elder brother哥哥elder作形容词时 , 是 old 的比较级 , 一般表示家庭成员诞生的次序,在句中只能作定语,可与 than连用 ; 而 old

15、er 表年龄的比较 ,可与 than 连用 . 如 :his elder sister is two older than he. 他的姐姐比他大两岁.作名词时 , 表 “长者 ; 前辈 ; 祖先 ”, 如: their customs were handed down by the elders.他们的风俗习惯是由他们的祖先传下来的.9. but china has developedrapidly in recent years. 但是 近年来 ,中国进展快速 .in recent years 表 “近年来 ”,常与完成时连用 . 如:she has learnt a lot of kno

16、wledge in recent years.近年来 ,她学到了很多学问.10. china has made such rapid progress. 中国已经取得如此快速的进步；progress 为不行数名词make progress 取得进步make some/ much/ great progress 取得一些 / 很多 / 庞大的进步11. what has happened to beijing s roads now. 现在北京的大路 发生 了什么变化？sth. happen to sb. 某人发生了某事，如：if anything happens to him, let me

17、know.万一他有什么不测，就请通知我；a little accident happened to her yesterday. 昨天她发生了点小意外；12. they express the rich culture of china as well. 他们 也表达了丰富的中国文化；as well, too, also 均表“也；又” ；as well 多用于口语，只用于句末，不用逗号隔开；too 多用于口语，用于句末，要用逗号隔开；also 较正式，不用于句末；either 用于否定句，表“也不” ，与 too 对应；如：he likes sports as well. = he like

18、s sports, too. = he also likes sports.他也喜爱运动；he didn t come, either. 他也没来；五、重点语法（一）现在完成时：表示过去已经发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果；即“过去的动作+ 现在的结果” ， 强调结果； 如：i have bought a new bike. = i bought a new bike, and i have a new bike now.我已经买了一辆新的自行车；（强调我现在有了一辆新车；）构成形式：助动词 have / has + 动词的过去分词1确定句：i have seenthe film

19、.我已经看过这部电影；否定句：i havent seenthe film.我没看过这部电影；一般疑问句：have you seenthe film.你看过这部电影了吗？回答：yes, i have. 是的，我看过了；no, i havent. 不，我没看过；特别疑问句：what have you done.你已经做了什么？2确定句：he has finishedthe task.他已经完成了任务；否定句：he hasnt finished the task. 他仍没有完成任务；一般疑问句：has he finished the task.他已经完成任务了吗？回答：yes, he has. 是的

20、，他完成了；no, he hasnt.不，他没有完成；特别疑问句：what has he finished.他完成了什么？（二） have/ has been to与 have/ has gone tohave/ has been to + 某地，到过某地，说话时人已经回来了；have /has gone to + 某地，说明去了某地，说话时人仍没回来；如：i have been to beijing twice.他去过北京两次；- where is jim.吉姆在哪儿？- he has gone tothe library.他去图书馆了；topic 2 what has happened t

21、o the population.一、重点词汇（一）词形转换1. possible 反义词 impossible2. rise 过去分词 rose3. conclude 名词 conclusion4. medicine 形容词 medical5. difficult 名词 difficulty6. less 反义词 more7. excellent 近义词 great/ good8. different 名词 difference9. come 过去式 came 过去分词 come10. see 过去式 saw 过去分词 seen11. peace形容词 peaceful（二）重点短语1. g

22、et lost走丢；迷路2. hate to go shopping厌恶去购物3. hear from sb.=receive/ get a letter from sb.收到某人的来信4. be abroad在国外5. at least至少6. take place = happen发生7. chinas one-child policy中国的独生子女政策8. be strict with sb.对某人要求严格9. the population of china中国的人口10. live longer活得更长11. medical care医疗保健12. control the popula

23、tion掌握人口13. be known / famous as以而闻名14. work well in doing sth.在做某事方面很有功效15. have a long way to go有很长的路要走16. be short of缺乏17. one of the greatest problems最大的问题之一18. be in trouble陷入麻烦中 / 在困境中19. prefer boys to girls重男轻女20. offer sb. a good education供应某人良好的训练21. a couple of一些 ;几个22. even though = even

24、 if即使23. have a lot of pressure有很多压力24. the differences between a and ba 与 b 之间的区分二、重点句型1. we got lostand couldnt find each other. 我们 走丢 了， 相互 找不到对方；2. it seems that their living conditions were not very good.好像 他们的生活条件不是很好；3. it is possible that kangkangs father was the only child in his family.康康的

25、父亲有可能是他家中的独生子 ；4. one answer is known as the one-child policy.其中一项 众所周知的 措施是独生子女政策.5. and even though we have made a lot of progress, we have big pollution problems in the city.虽然我们已经取得了很大的进步，但是仍存在严峻的城市污染问题；三、重点语言点1 - i really hate to go shopping.我真厌恶去购物；- so do i .我也是；so do i .为倒装句， 表示前面提到的确定情形也同样适

26、合另外一个主体，表“某某也一样” ，结构为“ so+ be /情态动词 / 助动词+ 主语”； 如：jim is a student, so is tom. 吉姆是一名同学，汤姆也是；jim can swim, so can tom.吉姆会游泳，汤姆也会；jim likes sports, so does tom. 吉姆喜爱运动，汤姆也喜爱；如表前面不怎样，后面“也不”怎样时，其结构为“neither/ nor + be /情态动词 / 助动词+主语”；如：jim wasnt chinese, neither/ nor were they.吉姆不中国人，他们也不是； jim cant spea

27、k japanese, neither can i .吉姆不会说日语，我也不会； jim didn t go there, neither did i .吉姆没去那儿，我也没去；如前后两句表达的是同一个主体，就不能倒装，表“的确如此”；如：jim is a good student. so he is. 吉姆是一名好同学，的确如此；jim swims well. so he does. 吉姆游泳很好，的确如此；2at that time, china was the country with the largest population in the world.那时，中国是世界上人口最多的国

28、家；population 为不行数名词，表示人口的多少只能用“large”或 “small”修饰，提问人口用“what ”, 如：the population of shanghai is larger than that of beijing.上海的人口比北京多；what s the population of china.= how many people are there in china.中国的人口有多少？3. great changes havetaken place in china.中国 发生了 庞大变化；take place 指必定性的“发生”或有方案、支配之内的“举办”；如

29、：the meeting will take place next friday.会议将在下周五举办；happen 指偶然的、没有预料的“发生“，其结果往往给人带来不幸或麻烦；如：the accident happened yesterday. 事故发生在昨天；两者都不用于被动语态；4. the population has increaseda lot. 人口增长发很多；increase 可作及物动词也可作不及物动词；其含义是“增长，增加，加强”等；increase by指“增加了”;increase to指 “增加到”5. , and about one fifth of the peop

30、le in the world live in china.而且世界上大约五分之一的人口生活在中国；one fifth是分数表达法；英文分数表达法：分子为基数词，分母为序数词，先读分子后读分母；当分子大于 1 时，分母的序数词就变为复数，直接在词尾加“s”；如：one fourth四分之一；three fourths四分之三；one second二分之一；two thirds三分之二6it has worked well in controlling chinas population.它在掌握人口数量方面取得了显著的功效；work well in doing sth.表“在方面很有功效 ”,

31、 如: doing eye exercises works well in protecting our eyesight.做眼保健操在爱护视力方面很有功效；7. because of our large population, we are short of energy and water.be short of表 “ 缺乏”, 如:she is always short of money at the end of every month.每个月底她总是缺钱；be short for表“是的缩写” , 如:tv is short for television.tv 是 televisio

32、n 的缩写形式 .8. can all chinese families offer their children a good education.全部的中国家庭都能给他们的的孩子供应良好的训练吗？offer表“（主动）赐予，供应”offer sb. sth.“供应某人某物”如：i offered him a glass of wine.我敬了他一杯酒；offer to do sth.“（主动）提出做某事”如：she offered to cook for her mother.她提出帮她妈妈煮饭；9. i cant go shopping in big stores unlessi tra

33、vel for a couple of hours.我得花几个小时，才能到大的商场购物；a) unless = if not表“除非; 假如不”，引导条件状语从句；如：i won t go unless i hear from you. = i won t go if i don t hearfrom you.假如你不通知我，我就不去；unless bill studies hard, he ll fail in the exam.假如比尔不努力, 他不会通过考试的.b) a couple of表 “几个人或几件事 ”, 如:a couple of years ago几年前 ;a couple

34、 of students几个同学couple指任何两件同类的东西; 如:a couple of watches 两只手表；five couples of cats五对猫pair指两件不行分开使用的东西,它们可指两件互不相连的东西鞋子、袜子等 ，也可指两部分构成的一件东西（裤子、剪刀等）；如：a pair of shoes一双鞋子a pair of pants一条裤子四、重点语法现在完成常常与以下表不明确的状语连用：1already 和 yetalready“已经”（多用于确定陈述句） ， 如：he has already gone home. 他已经回家了；yet “已经 ; 仍”（用于否定句

35、或疑问句） ，如：have you found him yet.你已经找到他了吗？i havent finished my homework yet.我仍没完成作业； already 也可用于疑问句，表“出乎意料或诧异”have you finished your homework already.莫非你已经完成作业了？2ever 和 neverever “曾经”（多用于疑问句，问初次经受）， 如：i have ever been abroad.我曾出过国；nevernever“从未；从来不” （多用于否定陈述句） ，常回答ever 的句型； 如：i have never seen him b

36、efore.-has he ever been abroad.他曾出过国吗？-no, never.不，从来不；3justjust “刚刚”（多用于确定句，位于谓语动词之前），如： i have just tried to call you.我刚刚打电话给你； 4beforebefore“之前”（一般位于句末；常与never 呼应）， 如：he says he has never seen such beautiful scenery before.他说他以前从来没看过这么美的风景；topic 3 the world has changed for the better.一、重点词汇（一）词形转

37、换1. homeless名词 homelessness2 fair 反义词 unfair2. excited 动词 excite3. disobey 反义词 obey4. succeed 名词 success 形容词 successful5. french 国家 france 公民 frenchman（二）重点短语1. help homeless people帮忙无家可归的人2. in need需要（食物和钱）3. decide on doing sth.打算（做）某事4. provide sb. with sth.给某人供应某物5. come for a visit来参观；来看一看6. be

38、 successful in doing sth.胜利地做了某事7. get/find jobs获得 / 找到工作8. feel good about oneself自我感觉良好9. take drugs吸毒10. give sb. a good chance to do sth.给某人做某事的一次好机会11. end the war终止战争12. live a happy life过着幸福的生活13. smile on ones face脸上露出笑容14. project hopes期望工程15. at home and abroad在国内外16. in poor areas在贫困地区17.

39、 receive a good education受到良好的训练二、重点句型1. it trains them so that they can find jobs again.培训他们 以便 他们能再次找到工作；2. i think it is important for these people to feel goodabout themselves.我认为对于这些人来说自我感觉良好 是很重要的；3. , you will get used to it.你会习惯它的；4. you must come for a visit. 你肯定 来参观一下 ；5. then you can seen

40、ew york for yourself. 然后你可以 自己看一看 纽约；6. if anyone t akes drugs or disobey the other rules, he cant stay in the program.假如有人 吸毒 或者违反其它规定，他就不行以呆在培训中心；7. the money is used for children s education in poor area.这些资金 被用来 资助贫困地区儿童接受训练的；8. with the money , it has built thousands of schools and libraries an

41、d trained 2300 teachers.利用这些钱 ，期望工程建立了数以千计的学校和图书馆并且培育了2300 名老师；三、重点语言点1. well, once they find people in need, they decide on suitable ways to help them.他们一旦发觉有人需要帮忙，就选定适当的方式来帮忙他们；a) once 是从属连词，表“一旦就”,它的从句为现在时态 包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时 ，主句就为一般将来时；或者主从句均为过去的某种时态；如：once you become interested in playing comp

42、uter games, youll have trouble giving them up.一旦你迷上了电脑嬉戏，你就很难舍弃它；once he arrives here, he will know the whole thing.一旦他到这儿，他就会知道整件事的；she told him once she arrived, she would call him.她告知他一旦她到了，她会打电话给他；b) decide on doing sth. 打算（做）某事，相当于decide to do sth.如：they decided on spending the holiday in haina

43、n.他们打算在海南度假；= they decided to spend the holiday in hainan.2. the government provides homeless people with nice homes.政府向无家可归的人们供应舒服的住处；provide sb. with sth. = provide sth. for sb. 供应应某人某物the school provided the students with food.这所学校为同学们供应食物；= the school provided food for the students.3. i think it

44、 s a wonderful place to live in.我认为那是一个居住的好地方；to live in 是动词不定式，用来修饰前面的名词place. 在不定式中，如动词为不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后必需跟上相应的介词；如：there is nothing to worry about .没有什么可担忧的事；i need a pen to write with . 我需要一只笔写字；4. it is famous because it has been so successful in helping homeless people re

45、turn to normal lives.它很出名是由于它已经胜利地帮忙无家可归的人重新过上正常的生活；be successful in doing sth.胜利地做成某事，相当于succeed in doing sth. 如：he was successful in passing the exam. 他胜利地通过了考试；they were successful in climbing mount huang.他们胜利地登上了黄山；5in the past sixteen years, project hope has raised about 3 billion yuan.在近十六年来，期

46、望工程已筹集了大约30 亿元；in the past + 如干时间，表“近如干时间来”，用于现在完成时；如：they have learnt about 500 english words in the past two months.近两个月来，他们已经学习了大约500 个英语单词；you have grown up a lot in the past three years. 近三年来，你们长大了很多；四、重点语法（一）直接引语和间接引语在引用别人原话时，被引用的部分称为直接引语；如： “what are you reading,jane.”maria asked.当用自己的话转述别人的话

47、时，被转述部分称为间接引语 ；如：maria asked jane what she was reading.直接引语和间接引语可相互转换，但要留意以下几个变化：1 直接引语变为间接引语时，引导词要依据句子类型的不同有所变化；1）假如直接引语是陈述句，变成间接引语时，引导词用that 或省略； 如：she said, “ imvery glad to have such a chance.” she said that she was very glad to have such a chance. 2）假如是一般疑问句时，就用whether 或 if ；如： maria asked jane

48、,“can they get good food and medicine.” maria asked janewhether/ if they could get good food and medicine. 3）假如是特别疑问句时，就用相应的疑问词what, where, which, how 等； 如： maria asked jane,“what are you reading.” maria asked janewhat she was reading.4）假如是祈使句时，就多用动词ask, tell, order 引导的不定式结构；如：mother said to me, “tr

49、y again.” mother asked me to try again.“dont be afraid”, tom said to dick. tom told dick not to be afraid.2 语序的变化：如是从句，一律为陈述语序；3 时态的变化；1）主句为现在或将来时态时，间接引语的时态不变；如：he says, “ imtired. ” he says he is tired.he will say, “the boy was lazy.” he will say the boy was lazy.2）主句为过去时态时，间接引语就一般都有改成相应的过去时态，但表示自然

50、科学和真理之类的仍以现在时显现； 如：he said, “ imsorry.” he said he was sorry.the teacher told us, “the earth moves around the sun”. the teacher told us the earth moves around the sun.4 人称的变化； 如：the teacher said,“john, you must bring your book to the class.” the teacher told john that he must bring his book to the c

51、lass.5 时间状语的变化；如： now then;todaythat day;tonight that night; this morning that morning;ago before;yesterday the day before; last night the night before;the day before yesterday two days before; tomorrow the next day;next weekthe next week.6 地点状语的变化；如： herethere7 指示代词的变化；如： this that;these those8 动词的

52、变化； 如： come go; bring take（二）构词法1. 合成词：由两个或者更多独立的单词组合成一个单词；如：motherland, basketball, filmmaker, birthday; hometown, greenhouse, etc.2. 派生词：一词通过加前缀或后缀构成一个新词；如：1）常见的前缀：dis-; un-; im-表示“不”， 如：dislike （不喜爱）disappear（消逝）disagree （不同意） disobey（不遵守） unhappy（不欢乐）unfair （不公正）unlike （不像）unfriendly （不友好） impol

53、ite（不礼貌）impossible（不行能）re-表示“重复”， 如：retell（复述）review（复习）rewrite （重写）return（重返）super- 表示“超”， 如：supermarket（超市）superman（超人）superstar（超级明星）mis- 表示“错误”， 如：mistake（错误）misunderstand（误会）2) 常见的后缀：名词后缀： -er, -or; -ness; -tion; - ment如：worker （工人）player（选手）teacher（老师）driver （司机） visitor（参观者）inventor （创造者）tran

54、slator （翻译者）question（问题）invention（创造）education （训练）organization （组织） movement（运动）agreement（同意）development（进展）形容词后缀： -ful;-ous;-less- able;-y如：useful （有用的）careful（仔细的）helpful（有帮忙的）successful（胜利的） dangerous（危急的）famous （闻名的）delicious（可口的）serious（庄重的） homeless （无家可归的）careless（马虎的）useless（无用的）changeable （易变的）countable（可数的）cloudy（多云的）windy（有风的）sleepy（困倦的）rainy（下雨的）一、重点词汇（一）词形变换unit 2saving the earthtopic 1i can t stand the environment here.1. produce名词 producer2. breathe 名词 breath3. manage 同义词 try4. soil 近义词 earth5. waste 反义词