(完整word版)初中英语非谓语动词讲解(2)

1、1非谓语动词之“动词不定式”详解非谓语动词就是不充当谓语的动词，分两种。一是动词不定式。二是动词 一、动词不定式1) 作主语To lear n En glish well is not easy.或 It is not easy to lear n En glish well.说明动词不定式作主语时，往往用 it 作形式主语，这种句型可归纳为下面的句型：e.g. It is + adj.+动词不定式如果要说明不定式表示的动作执行者，可以用 for+sb.e.g. It is + adj.+ for sb.to do sth.2) 作表语(表语用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的，表语常

2、由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词的-ing 形式、不定式、从句来充当，它常位于系动词(be, become, appear, seem, look,sound, feel, get, smell 等词)之后。)e.g. My wish is to become a teacher.3 )作宾语或者宾语补足语e.g. Most of us like to watch football matches.e.g. He told me to be here on time.4 )作定语： e.g. I have nothing to say about that thing.5 )作状语： e.

3、g. He stopped to have a look.说明动词不定式的否定形式： not + to +动词原形构成e.g. He asked me not to make such a mistake.2、动词不定式与疑问词连用：疑问词 who, what, which 和疑问副词 when, where, how, why 等后面可以按动词不定式，构成动词不定式短语。e.g.He does nknow how to use the machi ne.(2) How to use the mach ine is a questi on.(3) The questi on is whe n

4、to go there.3、省去了 to 的动词不定式1) let, have, make+do2) 感官动词 see, watch, look at, notice, hear, listen to, smell, feel, find +to。注意：在被动语态中则 to 不能省掉。e.g. I saw him dance. =He was see n_to dance.e.g. The boss made them work the whole ni ght.=They were made to_work the whole ni ght.3) would rather， had bett

5、er + do4、动词不定式的特殊句型：1) too to +to do : e.g. He is too excited to speak.2)eno ugh to do : e.g. The child is old eno ugh to go to school.3)Why not +doe.g. Why not take a holiday?4)so as (not) to do: 表示目的e.g. Go in quietly so as not to wakethe baby.5、不定式的难点：1) 用作介词的“ to”：比如说 look forward to ; pay atte

6、nti on to; devote on eself tobe/get used to ,后面都是 +do ing 的!ing 形式。22) Its for sb.和 Its of sb.的区别二、动词 ing 形式：动词 ing 形式分为两种，一是动名词，二是现在分词1 动词的-ing 形式用作动名词：动名词是动词的一种非谓语形式，由动词原形加-ing 构成，它在句中起名词的作用，可以在句子中用作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补语、状语和定语。1 ）动名词作主语：e.g. Walki ng is good exercise.走路是很好的运动2） 动名词作表语e.g. My favorite spor

7、t is swimmi ng.我最喜欢的运动是游泳。3） 动名词作宾语：e.g. Jim dislikes eating chocolate.吉姆不喜欢吃巧克力。e.g. She can t help crying at a sad movie.她看了忧伤的电影禁不住要哭。说明有些动词和动词短语只能接动名词。e.g.admit, fini sh, forgive, give up, mind, practise, be good at, do well in, cant help, keep on, feel like,be used to, look forward to, prefer t

8、o,。6）动名词作定语：动名词可以单独作定语，就像形容词一样。e.g. a smiling face 笑脸 swimming pool 游泳池dining-car 餐车2 动词的-ing 形式用作现在分词：-ing 分词通常用作宾语补足语，表示动作正在发生或者正在进行。这种用法通常用在下列动词中：see, hear, find, smell, watch, find, listen to, look at, notice, observee.g.1） There we found him watching TV.我们发现他在那儿看电视。2） I heard some one knocking

9、at the door. 我听见有人在敲门。3.动词 ing 形式和动名词之间的比较： 下面这些动词，后面接不定式或动名词意思都是一样的：begi n to dobeg in doingcon ti nue to docontinue doingstart to dostart doingF 面这些动词，后面接不定式或动名词意思是不一样的:stop to dostop doingforget to doforget doingremember to doremember doingtry to dotry doinggo on to dogo on doingbe afraid to dobe

10、 afraid doing【专练】1. Do nt forgetthe letter.A. to sendB. sendC. sendingD. being sent2. The chair looks very old, but in fact it is very comfortable toA. sitB. sit onC. be satD. be sat on3. Is_n ecessary to retur n the book tomorrow?A. thisB. thatC. itD. which4. Im afraid they would not allow himhere.

11、A. to smokeB. smok ingC. smokesD. smoke5. Mother told methe water before I drank it.A. boili ngB. boiledC. boilD. to boil36. On my way home, I stopped _ some food.A. buy B. to buy C. buying D. bought7. Li Yang advised me _ too much, otherwise I would have been drunk.A. not to drinkB. to drinkC. not

12、drinkingD. drinking8. He _ two million yuan _ a vase at the auction.A. spent, buyB. cost, buyingC. paid, buyD. spent, buying9. The first thing I want to do is _A. visit to himB. to visit himC. visiting himD. visited him10. John was made _ the car for a week as a punishment.A. to washB. washingC. was

13、hD. to be washing11. _ is one thing, _ is quite another.A. To say, to doB. Say, doC. Said, didD. To say, do12. I ll try _ _ the same mistakes again.A. to not makeB. not makeC. not to makeD. not making13. It s too hard _ it by himself.A. not to doB. to doC. that I doD. doing14. It s time for sports.

14、Let s_ bowling, shall we?A. goB.to goC. goingD. goes15. .MZhr ou, you d better_ too much sugar. You are already overweight,A. not to eatB.to eatC. not eat D. eat1 If you keep _(fight) with him, you may hurt yourself.2 The students are busy _(prepare) for the coming exam.3 His duty is _ (save) the si

15、ck people.4 I have nothing _ (send) you.5 They were made _ (work) ten hours a day.6 No one knows what _ (do) next.【提高题】I.选择题。1. The doctor came_ _ our eyes.A. to examineB. for examiningC. as to examineD.examining2. Our teacher always makes us _ hard.A. to workB. workC. workingD.worked3._ our classro

16、om once a week is necessary.A. CleaningB. CleanCleanedD.To clean4._ is our duty _ good service to customersA. That, to giveB. This, givingC. It, to giveD.It, giving5.It took years_ the highrise.A. for our buildingB. for us in buildingC. to buildD. building6.Their wish is _a house of their own.A. to

17、haveB. for havingC. haveD. of having7. The teacher agreed _ us_ the test papers home.A to let, takeB. to let, to takeC. letting, takeD.let, takesaid the doctor.48. When he saw I was in a hurry, he offered _ me his bicycle.A. lendingB. lentC. to lend9. I dont like_ people _ about their neighbours.A.

18、hear, talkingB. to hear, talkingC. to hear, to talk10. I havent decided _A. to take which trainB. which to take a trainC. which train to takeD. which train taken11. You must remember_ me a phone call as soon as you get there.A. givingB. to give C. gave12. Professor Brown taught his students_ English

19、, and he learnedthem.A. how to speak, speakingB. how to speak, to speakC. how speaking, speakingD. how speak, to speak13. Sorry, I forgot_ you that the party wouldnt be held tonight. Thats all right. Mary has told me about it.A. tellingB. I toldC. told14. I wonder_ him or not.A. if inviteB. whether

20、to inviteC to invite15.I hope_ yourself.A. you to manageB. for you to manageC. you managing D. that you can manage16. Would you like _you the way there? Its kind of you. Thank you.A. me showingB. that I showC. me show17. The old man said that hed prefer_alone in the country rather than live with his

21、 son in the city.21. After she finished the exercises in the textbook, she tried_ more exercises_ .A. to find, to doB. finding, to doC. to find, she didD. finding, done22. The policeman told Smith _ after drinking.A. to not driveB. not drivingC. not driveD. not to drive23. Tom kept quiet about his m

22、istake_ lose his job.A. so not as toB. so as not toC. so as to notD. not so as to24. Pat should love _ little Jim to the theatre this evening.A. to takeB. takingC. that he would take25. We enjoy _very much, because it is good for our health.A. runB. runningC. to runD. in lendingD. hearing, talkedD.

23、give_ Chinese fromD. to tellD. if to inviteD. me to showA. livingB. to liveC. that he livesD. for him to live18. I know Alice very well. I have seen her _ up from childhood.A. grow B. grew C. was growingD. to grow19. Since nobody told her_ , she came to our help.A. what she didB. to do whatC. what t

24、o doD. what she to do20. My aunt showed me _A. how to make a dressB. how a dress be madeC. how making a dressD. how a dress madeD. for him to takeD. ran526. The light in the office is still on. Oh, I forgot _ .A. turn it offB. to turn it offC. that I turned it off27. They were very tired and stopped

25、_ under a big tree.A. restingB. to restC. rest28. Would you mind me the answer to the problem? Not at all.A. that you tell meB. telling C. to tell29. He promised_ a doctor for my son.A. me to getB. that he got me C. me getting30. Father told the boy _the dog a few bones after dinner.A. that he gaveB

26、. to give C. giving31._that money for his education, his parents worked hardeven after their days work.A. For gettingB. GetC. So as to getD. In order to get32. I think you are_ meals yourself.A. enough old to cookB. old enough to cookC. old enough for cookingD. enough old cooking33. The maths proble

27、m is_ difficult_ .A. so, as to work outB. very , to work outC. too, to work outD. quite, worked out34. Last night I was so tired that I fell asleep soon. I didnt hear him in.A. comingB. cameC. to comeD. come35. Have you anything important_ us?A. to tellB. tellingC. told usD. you tell36. Do you know

28、about Captain Ed Mitchell? 202 Yes. He was the sixth man _on the moon.A. walkingB. walkedC. to walkD. of walking37. It is nice_her_so.A. for, to sayB. for, sayingC. of, to sayD. of, said38. Isnt it a nice way_ the hard problem?A. to solveB. in solvingC. solveD. solving39. Youd better_ her about her

29、own health now.A. not to tellB. not tellC. to not tellD. to tell not40. What a coincidence! Dr. Brown happened_ the doctor I was looking for.A. he was B. being C. to be D. to beingII. 填空题。1. Factories do not let out dirty water_ （ 为了不污染河流 ）.2. Her job is _ . （照顾医院里患病的孩子 ）3. In the supermarket the co

30、llege students learned_. （ 如何为顾客服务 ）4. There were so many toys that Judy didnt know_ . （ 挑选哪一个 ）.5. The only trouble is_. （ 如何保护这些电脑 ）6. He will save money _ .（ 为了支付将来的大学费用 ）7. The nurse_ . （ 不允许孩子们玩火柴 ）8. This medicine will_.（ 帮你入睡 ）9. They will be sent_ （ 到非洲当医疗队员 ）.D. that I should turn it offD.

31、that they would restD. if tellingD. me that he gotD. gave.610. The boy asked his teacher_ .（ 让他自己修理冰箱 ）11. The question is_ . （ 是否让孩子们自己解决这个问题 ）.12. This telephone is_. （ 足够小可以放进口袋 ）13. This book will tell you _ . （ 如何使这台电脑储存信息 ）14. I _. （没有回答试卷上的最后一个问题）15. It is not easy _ . （ 一个人戒烟 ）16. You can ta

32、ke a taxi there_ _ . （ 而不是步行去 ）17. The underground train is _ . （ 足够快可在 20 分钟内从我们学校行驶到体育场 ）.18. The lecture hall is _ . （太小容纳不下 500 个学生）19. Julia hurried to school_. （ 没有吃早餐 ）.20. I told the students_. （不要将罐头和饮料瓶扔进河里）21. Thomas _ . （有许多问题要问老师 ）22. Do you know the saying “ _ .” （活到老学到老）23.Jack saw _

33、. （牛跑回来 ）24. Athens ran all the way_ （ 把好消息告诉他的人民 ）.25. He was the first man _ . （ 骑骑自行车做环球旅行 ）26. They enjoy_ . （ 爬山和野营 ）27. As soon as the teacher entered, he asked_（ 我们停止讲话 ）.28._ （ 在一个半小时内做完这份试卷） is almost impossible.29. We were happy_. （ 看到他们回到营地 ）30. Would you mind _. ？ （我在你办公室打电话 ）7答案：I.1. A2. B3. D 4. C5. C6. A7. A8. C9. B10. C11. B12. B 13. D14. B15. D16. D17. B 18. A19. C20. A 21.A 22.D 23.B 24. A 25.B 26.B 27.B 28.B 29.A 30.B31. D32. B33. C34. D 35. A36. C37. C 38. A 39. B 40. CII.1. so as not to pollute the rivers2.to take care of the sick childr