主谓一致之意义一致原则

1、主谓一致逻辑意义一致原则一.主谓一致的种类1 语法形式上的一致主语为单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形 式。如：The nu mber of the stude nts prese nt is 200.Jane and Mary look alike.2 意义上一致1） 主语形式虽为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词用复数。如：The crowd were shouti ng.单数形式代表复数内容的词有：people, , cattle等。2） 主语形式为复数，而意义上却是单数，谓语动词用单数。女口： The news was so surpris ing.形复意单的单

2、词有news和一些以ics结尾的学科名称，如physics， politics,econo mics 等。3. 就近原则即谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。如用连词or, either -or,neithernot,ot onlybutalso等连接的并列主语，如果一个是单数，一个是复 数，谓语动词与靠近它的主语一致。如：Either your stude nts or Mr. Wang knows this.二、逻辑意义一致原则逻辑意义一致就是谓语动词的数必须和主语的意义一致(因有时主语形式为单数，但意义为复数；有时形式为复数，但意义为单数)。1. what， who， which

3、， any，more, all等代词可以是单数，也可是复数， 主要靠意思来决定。如：Which (be) your bag? / Which (be) your bags?All (be) going well. / All (be) gone to Beijing.a. I know that allgett ing on well with her.A. were B. are C. is D. wasb. The boy sitti ng by the win dow is the only one of the stude nts whofrom thecoun tryside in

4、our school.A. was B. were C. is D. are2. 表示 时间、重量、长度、价值”等的名词的复数作主语时，谓语动词通常用 单数形式，这是由于作主语的名词在概念上是一个整体，如：Thirty minutes iseno ugh for the worka. Twenty milesa long way to cover.A. seem to be B. is C. are D. wereb. Ten thousa nd dollarsquite a large sum.A.are B. is C. were D. have3. 若英语是书名、片名、格言、剧名、报名、

5、国名等的复数形式，其谓语动词通常用单数形式。如：“The Arabian Nights ” is an interestingSOok*a. The Arabia n Nightswell known to En glish lovers.A. is being B. are C. were D. isb. The Uni ted Natio nsin 1945.A. was found B. was foun ded C. were foun dedD. were foundc. Stories of the Long Marchpopular with the young people n

6、ow.A. is B. was C. are D. were4. 表示数量的one and a half后，名词要用复数形式，但是其短语作主语时，谓语 动词用单数形式，例如： One and a half bananas is left o n the table.a. One and a half appleson the table.A. are left B. is left C. have left D. has left5. 算式中表示数目(字)的主语通常作单数看待，其谓语动词采用单数形式。女口： Twelve plus eight is twenty. / Fifty-six di

7、vided by eight is seven.a. Ni ne plus threetwelve.A. are mak ing B. is mak ingC. make D. makes6. 一些学科名词是以-cs 结尾，女口： mathematics, politics， physics 以及 news，works等，都属于形式上是复数的名词，实际意义为单数名词，它们作主语时， 其谓语动词要用单数形式。如：The paper works was built in 1990.a. Politicsone of the subjects that I study.A. are B. is C.

8、 were D. wasb. Mathematicsthe Ian guage of scie nee.A. are B. are going to beC. isD. is to be7. trousers glasses clothes， shoes 等词作主语时，谓语用复数，但如果这些名词前有a (the) pair of等量词修饰时，谓语动词用单数。如：The pair ofshoes un der the bed is his.a. This pair of trouseistoo long for him.A.is B.be C.are D.wereb. My glasses br

9、okenA.is B. are C. being D. has being8. 定冠词the +形容词或分词”，表示某一类人时，动词用复数。a. The poor in an undeveleped countryA. live B. lived C. lives D. livi ngb. The blind in special schools.A. study B. studies C. study ing D. studied练习：1.1 think physics easy to study.A. is n ' B. aren'tC. was D. had bee n2

10、. The oldwell looked after by the gover nment in Chi na.A. is B. are C. has bee n D. was3. Your trousersdirty you must havewashed.A. is; it B. are; it C. are; them D. is; thems history.4. “ The Kites ” us a story of the kiteA. have toldB. tellsC. were toldD. was told5. Those whoincompositi ons pleas

11、e hand them in this after noon.A. has n't han ded; his B. have n't han ded; theirC.has han ded; their D. have han ded; his6. This pair of shoesmade in Nanjing.A.is B. are C. have bee n D. had bee n7. Eight times eightsixty - four.A.is B.are C.get D.equal8. The United States of Americaone of the most developed countries in theworld.A. is B. are C. was D. were9. His "Selected Poems"first published in 1965.A.were B. was C. has bee n D. are10.