深圳牛津英语8Achapter4 computer tchnology讲稿

1、Chapter 4  Computer technologywords and expressionsdrive vi.驾车行驶； n. 驱动器  driver n.驾驶者She never learned to drive.  一直没学会开车。  monitor n. （计算机）显示器；显示屏，屏幕； He was watching a game of tennis on a

2、 television monitor. 他在看电视转播的网球赛  speaker n. 扬声器；说话者；演讲者，发言人； He was not a good speaker. keyboard n.键盘； mouse n. 鼠标 ；老鼠； I move the mouse by hand. 我用手移动鼠标。 The mouse nibbled the

3、60;bread. 老鼠啃掉了面包。  flash disk  闪存盘  type vt.& vi.打字；键入 n.类型；What type of person are you?  是什么类型的人？   control vt.控制；管理； Please dont control  me.  hide vt.隐藏；躲避 They h

4、id themselves behind a tree. 他们躲到一棵树后。  tiny  adj.极小的，微小的  The living room is tiny.起居室非常小。  realize vt. 察觉到；认识到；意识到； As soon as we realised something was wrong, we m

5、oved the children away.  我们刚意识到有什么不对劲就把孩子转移了。  rarely adv.很少；不常；罕见地 He rarely gets here print vt.打印； They need to print more invitations. 他们需要印刷更多的请柬。operate  vt.& vi.运转；操作；经营；管理 Many st

6、udents can operate the computer. railway  n.铁路 The railway is not completed yet. 这条铁路尚未完工 。 judge n.法官；审判员；裁判员  vt.& vi.审判，评判；断定 The judge disallowed that evidence. 法官驳回那项证据。Dont

7、60;judge others by appearance.  不要以貌取人 raise vt. 提出；提高 He raised his hand to wave. 他举手挥动起来。 We can raise more questions. 我们可以提出的问题很多。  supply  vt.供给；补充；向提供（物资等） n.供应；提供Trees s

8、upply shade in summer. 夏季树木提供荫凉处  order n.订单；命令；秩序； vt.命令 Please send your order by fax or mail. 请传真或邮寄订单。  company n.公司  reference  n.标识；编号 ；参考书 price n.价格，价钱 Your price 

9、;is too low. 你的价格太低。  medium  adj.中等的，中级的 The man is of medium build. 那个男人是中等身材。quantity n.量，数量；定量 Quality is more important than quantity. 质量比数量更重要。 opinion  n.意见，主张；看法；评价 I quite 

10、;agree to your opinion. 我很赞成你的看法。  disagree vi.不同意；不一致；  I disagree with you. 我不同意你说的。  hot adj. 辣的；热的 I am hot and thirsty! 我又热又渴！ smooth adj.柔和的；柔软的 ；光滑的；流畅的 speed n.速度  He drove 

11、;off at high speed. 他驱车飞驰而去  modern adj.现代的；近代的；  I am doing modern language. 我在学现代语言。 distance n.距离，路程； The distance wouldn't be a problem. 距离不成问题。hardly ever几乎不be unaware of 不知道，未察觉dependent on

12、依赖于for the time being 暂时in ones opinion 按某人的意见；据某人看来reading1、You never seem to be short of money,lo.Why?One of my cousins is an ATM machine.be short of 缺少one of+可数名词复数2、Not so many years ago, you hardly ever saw computers. 不几年前，你几乎没见过计算机。always-often-hardly ever/seldom-never(频率副词)hardly ever = seldo

13、m; almost never/not often/rarely 几乎不hardly 意思是“几乎不；几乎没有”， 是个否定意义的副词。 e.g. It was so dark that I could hardly see. 天那么黑， 我简直看不见了。辨析：hard 可作形容词， 意思是“坚硬的；困难的；艰苦的”；也可作副词， “努力地；辛苦地”。 e.g. This ground is too hard to dig. 这块地硬得挖不动。 Is science harder than English? 自然科学比英语难学吗? I have been working hard all mo

14、rning. 我辛辛苦苦地干了一上午活。3、Now they seem to be everywhere. 现在它们似乎是无处不在。seem to be/do = It seems that+从句you seem to be the best player.It seems that you are the best player.You seem to play football well.It seems that you plays 4、There are also many tiny, hidden computers in your home,but you might be una

15、ware of them. tiny = very smallbe unware of=not realize/know about/know 反义：be aware of = realize / knowbe unaware of 意思是“没意识到；不知道”。be aware of 意思是“意识到；明白”。 e.g. be unaware of the danger 没有觉察到危险 Everybody is aware of the importance of English. 每个人都意识到了英语的重要性。5、You are more dependent on computers than

16、 you realize. 你比你意识到的更加依赖计算机。be dependent on = depend on 依靠；依赖 拓展：depend v. 依靠；依赖 dependent adj. 依靠的；依赖的 depend on 依靠；依赖 You are dependent on your parents now.6、Computers are probably the best calculators in the world at the moment.at the moment = at present = for the time being = nowadays/now7、They

17、 are faster at calculating than people,and they rarely give wrong answers. rarely = seldom / almost never / not often8、They can also type, print and draw. They can teach you many things and also play games with you.9、More importantly, they can operate railways (like the underground) and fly planes a

18、nd spaceships. For these reasons, we sometimes call them “electronic brains”.10、The answer to this question is, for the time being, No. the answer to . 意思是“的答案”。注意介词用to。for the time being 意思是“暂时；眼下；目前”。=at present/now/at this time e.g. Im afraid I cant help for the time being. 我恐怕暂时帮不上忙。11、You have

19、greater understanding of the meaning of things than computers and can also create new idea of your own. have great understanding of . 对有很深的了解。 e.g. To be a good teacher, you should have great understanding of your students. 要做个好老师， 你得非常了解学生。 of ones own （属于）某人自己的12、However, one day computers may be

20、able to do more things than a human brain. In the future, they may even be better at doing their jobs than doctors, judges and teachers. in the future（在）将来be good at doing sth/sth= do well in doing sth.13、This raises interesting questions. How will computers changes our lives? Will we have nothing t

21、o do? Will computers make our lives better or worse in the future? have nothing to do没有什么可做；无所事事 make our lives better and /or worse 使我们的生活更好或更糟重点短语1. hidden helpers 隐藏的助手 tiny, hidden computers微型的、隐藏的计算机2. hardly ever 几乎不 3. seem to be/do 似乎4. be unaware of 没有意识到 be aware of 意识到5. be dependent on 依

22、赖于 6.in the world 世界上6. at the moment 此时，目前 7. be faster at doing 做某事更快 8. more importantly 更重要的是 9. operate railways 操控铁路 10. for these reasons 由于这些原因 11. electronic brains 电12. the answer to the question 这道题的答案 13. for the time being 暂时14. greater understanding 更好地理解 15. of ones own（属于）某人自己的 16. b

23、e able to do sth. 能够做某事 17. in the future（在）将来18. be better at doing. 更擅长于做某事 19. raise questions 提问 20. have nothing to do 无所事事21. in ones opinion 按照某人的意见22. use sth. for doing/ use sth. to do 用做某事23. be short of 缺少24. collect some information 25 for example26.be good at doing sth/sth= do well in d

24、oing sth.词汇拓展1. 区别易混词：hardly 和 hardhard： adj. 难的, 坚硬的, 艰苦的 adv. 努力地; 坚硬地; 辛苦地hardly: adv. 刚刚 He had hardly arrived when it began to snow. 他一到,天就下起雪来了。 几乎不 My legs were so weak that I could hardly stand. 我的腿虚弱得简直无法站立。 同样易混的词还有： late 和 latelylate adj. 迟的, 晚的& adv. 晚, 迟 lately adv. 最近, 近来2. seem v.

25、 像是, 似乎 seem + adj. seem 是系动词，后接形容词: He seems happy. 常用短语seem to do：He seems to know everything. 他似乎什么都懂。 He doesn't seem to like the idea. 他似乎不太赞成这个想法。 seem like sth: The minutes seemed like hours. It seemed like a good idea at that time. 常用句型 It seems that : It seems that he is very gifted 看起来

26、他很有天赋。It seems to me that it will rain tonight. 我看今晚要下雨。3. hide (hide-hid-hidden) v. 藏, 隐瞒, 遮掩掉 Lies can not hide facts. 谎言掩盖不了事实。hidden adj. 隐藏的, 秘密的 His words had a hidden meaning. 他话中有话。4. aware adj. 知道的, 意识到的; be aware of 意识到 = realize / knowunaware adj. 不知道的, 没觉察到的 be unaware of 不知道，= not reali

27、ze / not know5. depend v. 相信; 依靠, 依赖; 信赖; 依.而定 常用短语 depend on/upon：It depends on the weather. 这取决于天气。The country depends heavily on its tourist trade. 这个国家的经济在很大程度上依靠其旅游业。dependent adj. 依赖的 反义词：independent adj. 独立自主的; 不受约束的 常用短语 be dependent on/ upon 依赖于常用短语 be independent of （注意介词搭配不同） 不依赖；不受约束 All

28、 is dependent on your decision. 一切看你的决心而定。 You should learn to be independent of your parents. 你应该学习不要依赖父母。6. calculate v. 计算; 预测; calculation n. 计算; 预测 calculator n. 计算者; 计算器7. rarely adv. (否定词) 很少 常见否定词：never 从不； hardly adv. 几乎不； seldom adv. 很少, 不常; few n. 很少数; 几乎没有 & adj. 很少的 （修饰可数名词） little

29、n. 少许 & adj. 很少的 & adv. 很少; 完全不; （修饰不可数名词）8. create v. 创造; 设计 creation n. 创造; 创立; 创作 creator n. 创造者, 创作者 同义词： make; invent v. 发明, 虚构, 创作 inventor n. 发明家9 . 区别易混词：raise 和 riseraise (raise-raised-raised) v. 举起, 提高；提出 raise + sth 可接宾语 raise questions 提问He raised his glass and said: "Your h

30、ealth, Carl." 他举起了杯子说道:"祝你健康,卡尔。"rise (rise-rose-risen）v. 上升; 升起 不能接宾语或不能直接接宾语，要有介词才能接宾语。 The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 太阳从东方升起，在西方落下。She rose above her difficulties. 她战胜了重重困难。10. information n. U 不可数名词； 不能用many, an, a few, few 等修饰但可用much/little/a little/ some/any/ a

31、 lot of/ lots of/enough/ no 来修饰。language形容词比较级和最高级 绝大多数形容词有三种形式：原级、比较级和最高级 形容词的比较级和最高级: 形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在形容词的原级形式的基础上变化的，分为规则变化和不规则变化。 形容词的比较级和最高级的规则变化如下: 1) 通常在单音节词尾加 -er 和 -est：great-greater-greatest high-higher-highest tall-taller-tallest poor-poorer-poorest2) 以 -e 结尾的单音节词在词尾加 -r 和 -st: large- larg

32、er-largest wide-wider-widest3) 以 辅音字母 + y 结尾的形容词,把 y 改i再加 -er 和-est: happy-happier-happiest easy-easier-easiest early-earlier-earliest dirty-dirtier-dirtiest4) 以一个元音字母 + 一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，双写该辅音字母后再加-er和-est big-bigger-biggest sad-sadder-saddest thin-thinner-thinnest5) 以后缀 -ful、 -less、 -ing、 -ed、 -ly等结

33、尾的双音节词，在其前加more 和 mosthelpful-more helpful-most helpful helpless-more helpless-most helpless boring-more boring-most boring worried-more worried-most worried tired-more tired -most tired friendly-more friendly-most friendly6) 在多数双音节词和多音节词前加 more 和most: beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful difficu

34、lt-more difficult-most difficult important-more important-most important7) 少数以-er,-w,-ble结尾的双音节词，在其词后加 -er 和-estclever- cleverer- cleverest low - lower -lowest able- abler-ablestnew-newer-newest few-fewer-ewest 形容词前如加 less 和 least 则表示"更不"和"最不" important 重要 less important 更不重要 lea

35、st important 最不重要 不规则变化的形容词的比较级和最高级须特殊牢记: 原级比较级最高级good/ wellbetterbest bad/ ill/ badlyworseworstfarfartherfurtherfarthest（多指距离、路程）furthest（多指时间）many/ muchmoremostlittlelessleastoldolderelderoldestelder1、形容词原级用法：1）too/ very/ quite/ so/ rather + 原级2）原级 + enough 足够.3）as + 原级 + as 与.一样.4）A not as/ so +

36、原级 + as B A 不如/不及 B. Tom is not as tall as Jim. Tom不如Jim高.（Tom比Jim矮/ jim比Tom高） = Tom is shorter than Jim. = Jim is taller than Tom. Mary is not so beautiful as Jane. Mary不如Jane漂亮。（Jane比Mary漂亮） = Mary is less beautiful than Jane. = Jane is more beautiful than Mary.2、形容词比较级的用法: 形容词的比较级用于两个人或事物的比较,其结构形式如下: 1）比较级 + than Kate is taller than Jenny. This picture is more beautiful than that one.这张照片比那张照片漂亮. This meeting is less important than t