状语从句-------课件电子版本

1、第一页，共102页。定义：定义：在复合句中由从句表示的状语在复合句中由从句表示的状语称作状语从句，它可以用来修称作状语从句，它可以用来修饰饰(xish)谓语（包括非谓语动谓语（包括非谓语动词）、定语或状语，或是整个词）、定语或状语，或是整个句子。句子。 第二页，共102页。准确掌握每一个准确掌握每一个(y (y )连连词的含义是掌握状语从句的关词的含义是掌握状语从句的关键。键。同时同时(tngsh)要注意主从句的时要注意主从句的时态呼应。态呼应。第三页，共102页。状语状语(zhungy)从句一般分为九从句一般分为九大类大类状语从句状语从句(cn j)类别类别: 时间状语从句时间状语从句 地点

2、状语从句地点状语从句 原因状语从句原因状语从句 目的状语从句目的状语从句 结果状语从句结果状语从句 条件状语从句条件状语从句 方式状语从句方式状语从句 比较比较(bjio)(bjio)状语从句状语从句 让步状语从句让步状语从句第四页，共102页。1.时间状语时间状语(zhungy)从句：从句： 引导时间引导时间(shjin)状语从句的连状语从句的连词有：词有：when, while, as, the moment, before, after, till, until, since, as soon as 等。等。请注意请注意(zh y) when, while, as 的的区别区别第五页，共

3、102页。When -当当时候时候, 通常指某通常指某一特定的时间点，主句与从句一特定的时间点，主句与从句(cn j)的动作同时发生。的动作同时发生。When I opened the window, I saw him come up.When I have time , I will go to see you.第六页，共102页。When I came home, I met an old schoolmate of mine. He said he would tell her about it when he saw her.*注意：在时间状语从句中，主注意：在时间状语从句中，主从句

4、都是将来的动作或状态时，从句都是将来的动作或状态时，习惯上主句用将来时，从句用一习惯上主句用将来时，从句用一般般(ybn)现在时。现在时。第七页，共102页。When - 正在正在的时候，突然的时候，突然(trn)。通常主句是进行时或。通常主句是进行时或 be about to 时，在翻译的时候，时，在翻译的时候，when 可以译成没想到或突然可以译成没想到或突然(trn)。I was walking along the street , when I met him.I was about to fall asleep when my sister came in.第八页，共102页。One

5、 evening, little Hans was sitting near the fire when he heard a loud knock at the door.第九页，共102页。When 当从句是进行当从句是进行(jnxng)时，时，主句是一般时，往往表示不满。主句是一般时，往往表示不满。Someone knocked at the door when I was having breakfast.When I was leaving the house, the postman arrived.第十页，共102页。When the children had gone to b

6、ed, she began toprepare her lessons. When=after第十一页，共102页。While -在在期间期间(qjin)，往，往往指一段时间。往指一段时间。While we were in America, we saw him twice.While we were talking, he came in.Strike while the iron is hot. 第十二页，共102页。While -表示表示(biosh)一种不满情一种不满情绪，意思是这边在干某种重要的绪，意思是这边在干某种重要的事，而另一边在享受等。事，而另一边在享受等。We are cl

7、eaning the classroom while they are playing the football.The soldier faces the powder while the beauty powder the face.第十三页，共102页。While I am washing the floor, you can be cleaning the windows. 第十四页，共102页。As - 一边一边(ybin)一边一边(ybin), 随着随着She was doing her homework as she was listening to the music.As s

8、he grew older, she became more beautiful.第十五页，共102页。As - 当当时，指一个动作时，指一个动作(dngzu)紧接着一个动作紧接着一个动作(dngzu)发生，从句通常用进发生，从句通常用进行时。行时。As I was going out, it began to rain.I saw Mary as she was going on the bus.第十六页，共102页。As he was eating his breakfast, he heard someone knock at the door.Someone patted me on

9、the shoulder as I was standing before the shop window.第十七页，共102页。The moment - 一一就就 =as soon as , immediately,-Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her?-Yes, I gave her the moment I saw her.第十八页，共102页。Not until - 直到直到(zhdo)才才He didnt leave the office until he finished the work.=He left th

10、e office when he finished the work.Not until 可以可以(ky)和和 when 互换互换第十九页，共102页。Before - 在在之前之前(zhqin)The passengers should arrive at the airport an hour before the flight departs.Did you work as a stewardess before you come to this company?第二十页，共102页。It was not long before I forgot it all.(It was /will

11、 be before 是常用是常用(chn yn)句型句型)He ran off before I could stop him. 第二十一页，共102页。After - 在在 之后之后(zhhu)The customer left the ticket counter after he had a quarrel with the ticket agent.The plane took off after the air traffic controller gave clearance.第二十二页，共102页。Since -自从自从, 通常主句用通常主句用现在现在(xinzi)完成时完成时

12、I have never been there again since I graduated from the university.The captain has traveled almost everywhere in the world since he became a pilot.第二十三页，共102页。It is just a week since we arrived here. (It is /has been since是常用是常用(chn yn)句型）句型）第二十四页，共102页。As soon as - 一一就就Jack went to school as soon

13、as he got well.Ill ring you up as soon as I get an answer from him. 第二十五页，共102页。No sooner than - 一一就就No sooner had he arrived than he went away again.no sooner than 用于句首用于句首要求要求(yoqi)倒装倒装Hardly whenScarcely when第二十六页，共102页。Once you see him, you will never forget him. Once - 一但一但就就第二十七页，共102页。Every t

14、ime, each time 每次每次whenever 每当每当(mi dn)Each time he came to town, he would visit our school. Whenever we met with difficulties, they came to help us. 第二十八页，共102页。 2.条件条件(tiojin)状语从句状语从句引导状语引导状语(zhungy)从句的连接从句的连接词有词有:If, unless, as long as, in case, provided that, on condition that第二十九页，共102页。If -如果如

15、果(rgu)If you dont hurry up, you will miss the plane.If it snows tomorrow, the flight will be canceled.If you leave at 6 oclock tomorrow morning, youd better get to bed now. 第三十页，共102页。Unless - 如果如果(rgu)不不, 除非除非=if notWe cant get there on time unless we book the earliest flight= We cannot get there o

16、n time if we dont book the earliest flight.第三十一页，共102页。Dont trouble trouble unless trouble troubles you. He will not join us unless he changes his mind.第三十二页，共102页。As long as - 只要只要(zhyo)We will succeed as long as we keep on trying.You cant play games as long as you remember the rules.A man is not o

17、ld as long as he is seeking something.第三十三页，共102页。As (so) far as - 据据所知所知(su zh)As far as I know, he speaks English very well.As/So far as I know, he is an expert on DNA. 第三十四页，共102页。In case - 假使假使(jish), 如果如果The plane cannot take off in case it rains.Send us a message in case you have any difficult

18、y. 第三十五页，共102页。Provided that 如果如果(rgu),有时省略有时省略 thatThe plane will be in good condition provided that it is taken care of carefully.You can become a stewardess provided that you are in good shape and you have got the proper education.第三十六页，共102页。On condition that - 条件条件(tiojin)是是He said that he woul

19、d come to the meeting on condition that no one asked him to speak.The mother promised to the son to buy him a toy airplane on condition that he passes his English test.第三十七页，共102页。注注:主从句的动作发生在将来主从句的动作发生在将来(jingli)时，则主句用将来时，则主句用将来(jingli)时时, 从句用一般现在时。从句用一般现在时。If he arrives tomorrow, I will be waiting

20、 for him at the airport.He said he would not leave unless it was fine next day.第三十八页，共102页。3.地点地点(ddin)状语从句状语从句 地点地点(ddin)状语从句只有两状语从句只有两个连词个连词:Where, wherever第三十九页，共102页。Where - 在在地方地方(dfng)Put the medicine where you can easily get it.Where that high building stands, there used to be some low, deser

21、ted houses.Where there is a will, there is a way.第四十页，共102页。Wherever - 无论无论(wln)哪里哪里He follows her wherever she goes.Wherever you are, I will be right there waiting for you.第四十一页，共102页。4.原因状语原因状语(zhungy)从句从句 because, as, since, now that, 和和considering that, seeing that 这这六个连词都用于表示表示原因六个连词都用于表示表示原因,

22、但在语气但在语气(yq)上一个比一个弱上一个比一个弱.第四十二页，共102页。Because - 因为因为,通常从句通常从句(cn j)放在主句后放在主句后.Mr Smith was very upset because he couldnt find his luggage.He said that he couldnt work because the computer was out of order.第四十三页，共102页。I succeed because I willed it, I never hesitated.I do it because I like it. 第四十四页，

23、共102页。As - 因为因为(yn wi), 通常放在通常放在句首句首As it is quite windy today, he decidesAs he is honest and modest, all his friends like him.第四十五页，共102页。Since -既然既然(jrn) 因语气较弱因语气较弱, 常译为既然常译为既然(jrn)Since everybody has come, we can set off.Since the purser didnt tell us what to do, we can relax.第四十六页，共102页。Now that

24、 - 既然既然(jrn)Now that you are here, you can join us.Now that all airlines offer discount prices, we should do the same.第四十七页，共102页。considering that - 顾及顾及(gj)到到 Considering that they are just beginners, they are doing quite a good job. 第四十八页，共102页。seeing that - 由于由于(yuy) Seeing (that) quite a few peo

25、ple were absent, we decided toput the meeting off. 第四十九页，共102页。5.结果结果(ji gu)状语从句状语从句引导结果状语从句引导结果状语从句(cn j)的连的连词有：词有：that, so that, sothatsuchthat第五十页，共102页。So that - 太太以至于以至于 so 后面应用形容词或副词后面应用形容词或副词, 有时有时(yush)省略省略so只用只用thatBoeing 747 is so large that people like to call it jet bomb.The flight sched

26、uled so early that nobody wanted to look on it.第五十一页，共102页。So that - 因而，以便，为了因而，以便，为了 有时有时(yush)so 可以省去可以省去Can you move your luggage a little bit away so that I can put mine in the overhead bin too.Speak louder please so that the people at the back can hear you.第五十二页，共102页。When you skin your custome

27、rs, you should leave some skin on to grow so that you can skin them again.第五十三页，共102页。Such that -太太以至以至于于 用法与用法与sothat相同相同(xin tn)，但，但such 后面应用名词。后面应用名词。The foreign visitor was such a fast speaker that nobody could understand him.第五十四页，共102页。The Canadian airlines hangar is such a huge building that

28、it can hold two medium-range jets at the same time.第五十五页，共102页。 6.目的目的(md)状语从句状语从句 引导目的状语引导目的状语(zhungy)从句的从句的主要连词有主要连词有:that, so that, in order that, for fear that, lest第五十六页，共102页。Lets take the front seats (so) that we may see more clearly.(So) that - 以便以便, 从句中常常使从句中常常使用一些用一些(yxi)情态动词，如：情态动词，如：can,

29、 could, may, might, should等等 第五十七页，共102页。in order that - 为了为了, 与与so that 相同从句中常常相同从句中常常(chngchng)使用一些情态动词，如：使用一些情态动词，如：can, could, may, might, should等等 School was closed early in order that the children might go home ahead of the storm. 第五十八页，共102页。for fear that - 生怕生怕(shngp); 为了防止为了防止(某事发生某事发生)He t

30、ook the name down for fear that he should forget it. The instructor emphasized on the issue three times for fear that the students did not pay enough attention to the problem.第五十九页，共102页。in case - 万一万一(wny) Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold. You should bring a dictionary in case y

31、ou need it.Please take an umbrella in case it rains.第六十页，共102页。Lest - 以防万一以防万一(y fng wn y)The man decided to tell his boss the fact lest he would be angry with him.The manager of the workshop asked his staff to work overtime lest they wouldnt finish the task on time.第六十一页，共102页。7.比较状语比较状语(zhungy)从句从

32、句 引导引导(yndo)比较状语从句的连词比较状语从句的连词有：有：Asas, not so (as)as, .than, the more the more. 第六十二页，共102页。Asas - 像像一样一样(yyng)If you dont want to miss the flight, you need to be at the airport as early as possible.My grandma told me that her eyesight was as good as 10 years before.Cultivation to the mind is as ne

33、cessary as food for the body.第六十三页，共102页。Not so (as) as - 不像不像The job is not so difficult as I thought it would be.The flight was not so/as harmful as the captain predicted.第六十四页，共102页。than -比比怎么样，用怎么样，用于事物于事物(shw)间的比较，间的比较，more 后面用形容词或副词后面用形容词或副词People believe that being a stewardess is better than

34、 most of the other jobs.I personally think that the American movies are more interesting than Chinese ones第六十五页，共102页。A beautiful form is better than a beautiful face; a beautiful behavior (is) than a beautiful form.第六十六页，共102页。The more, the more - 越越 越越The more he listened to that song, the less he

35、 enjoyed it.The more things a man is ashamed of, the more respectable he is.第六十七页，共102页。8.让步让步(rng b)状语从句状语从句 引导让步状语从句引导让步状语从句(cn j)的连词的连词有：有：Although, though, as, even if, even though, no matter, however, whatever, while, whether第六十八页，共102页。Although, though -虽然虽然 although 和和though 可以可以(ky)互互换，但换，但a

36、lthough 常放在句首。常放在句首。Though可以可以(ky)用于倒装。用于倒装。Although it was raining, the plane managed to take off. Although it was not his fault, he took all the blame.第六十九页，共102页。Though he did his best, he didnt succeed.Child though he was, he did quite well.第七十页，共102页。As - 尽管尽管 as 引导让步状语从引导让步状语从句时，句子句时，句子(j zi)通

37、常倒装。可通常倒装。可与与though 互换。互换。Busy as he is, he never misses a football match.Hard as she works, she makes little progress.第七十一页，共102页。Even if /even though -即使即使(jsh)Even if you dont like your boss, you should do your work.Even if you are not fond of flowers, you shouldnt miss the chrysanthemum exhibiti

38、on.第七十二页，共102页。Even though I might be wrong, I will go my way.Even though his dean didnt mean it, he still felt embarrassed.第七十三页，共102页。However - 不论，不论， however 引引导让步状语导让步状语(zhungy)从句时，从句时，句子通常倒装句子通常倒装He couldnt get there on time however fast he drove.The father couldnt make his daughter smile howev

39、er hard he tried.第七十四页，共102页。N o matter (what, when, where, how) -无论（什么无论（什么(shn me)，何时，何地，怎样）何时，何地，怎样）The old man wouldnt believe anything no matter what you said.Please tell me the result no matter when you get it.第七十五页，共102页。He wouldnt forgive me no matter how hard I begged him.I will find you no

40、 matter where you hide.第七十六页，共102页。Whatever - 不管不管(bgun)Whatever other people may say, she wont change her mind.Whatever you do, it wont affect our plan.第七十七页，共102页。While -尽管尽管(jn gun)While I have sympathy for you, I cant help you.While its none of my business, I will watch you.第七十八页，共102页。Whether -

41、不管不管(bgun)，常，常与与or not 连用连用Whether he is good or not, the company decided to send him abroad.Whether his proposal is practical or not, the department plans to adopt.第七十九页，共102页。9. 方式状语方式状语(zhungy)从句从句 方式状语方式状语(zhungy)从句常由从句常由:as, as if, as though第八十页，共102页。as -与与 一样一样(yyng) Do in Rome as the Romans

42、do. Leave things as they are. 第八十一页，共102页。as if, as though - 仿佛仿佛(fngf), 由由as if或或 as though引引导的从句中可用虚拟语气导的从句中可用虚拟语气 She stood at the door as if (=as though) she were waiting forsomeone. 第八十二页，共102页。1._ you decide to take up, you should try to make it a success.A. If B. Whenever C. Unless D. Whateve

43、r第八十三页，共102页。2.It is foolish to take a taxi you can easilywalk to the station.A. before B. that C. unless D. when第八十四页，共102页。3.Ill accept any job, _ I dont have to get up early.A. even though B. though C. in case D. as long as第八十五页，共102页。4._ problems you have, you can always come tome for help.A. Wh

44、at B. Whatever C. Whichever D. Which第八十六页，共102页。5. _ much advice I gave him, he did exactly what he wanted to do.A. How B. Whatever C. However D. No matter第八十七页，共102页。6.-Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her?- Yes. I gave it to her _ I saw her.A. while B. the moment C.suddenly D. once第八十八页，共102页。7. If we work with a stro