上海中考英语核心词汇知识整合梳理及语法分类理解练习2

1、1. care v.介意，在乎，关心【短语】take care of 照料，照管：I' ll take good care of him.我会好好照顾他的。1) The old should be taken care of in our society.The old should be in our society.looked afterThe old should be in our society.Cared for2)在护士的悉心照料下，那些生病的小孩已经好多了。Those sick children were much better under the care of t

2、he nurses.2. catch (caught, caught) v. 捉，抓住：捷足者先登。The early birds catch the worm.【短语】catch up with 赶上：如果你想赶上他，你必须更加努力工作。 If you want to catch up with him, you must work harder.3. chance n.机会Do you really think I have another chance?你真的认为我还有一次机会吗你成功的机会很大。 You have a good chance ofsuccess.同义句转换）【短语】by

3、 chance偶然地，意外地无意中地I met my classmate by chance when I was walking along the street.(happenedHis speechchanges my whole life.他的话改变了我的一生。I my classmate when I was walking along the street.to meet4. change v.变换，变更，改变1) When British people go out, they like to take an umbrella with them because ofthe we

4、ather. (change)changeable2) If you don ' t like this shirt, you can another one. (change)exchange5. cheap adj.便宜的1) The red camera costs 1,500. The black camera costs 2,000.The black camera costs the red one. more than2) The price of the computer is 5,330. The price of the digital camera is 2,00

5、0.The price of the computer is than of the digital camera. higher, that3) An HTC is 2300 yuan. An iphone is 4999 yuan.HTC is much iphone.cheaper than6. chemistry n.化学：This is the beginning of the science of organic chemistry.这是有机化学的开始。The teacher is now in the lab.A. chemistry, chemicalB. chemical,

6、chemistryC. chemistry, chemistryD. chemical, chemical7. choose (chose, chosen) v. 选择，挑选：1) 他被选为班长。 He was chosen as monitor.2) Everyone should be responsible for his own. (choose)choice8. city n.城市：1) Shanghai is one of the most beautiful in the world. (city)cities2) All the in Shanghai should help

7、to do something for the environmentprotection. (city) citizens9. clean v.把弄干净，擦干净adj.干净的，清洁的：She helped me clean my desks.她帮我把桌子擦干净了。【短语】clean up 清除，收拾干净：My mother has help me clean up my room.妈妈已经帮我把房间收拾干净了。1) Was she made the classroom?A. cleansB. cleanC. to cleanD. to cleaning2) All the students

8、got together to make our classroom.A. cleaningB. cleanC. to cleanD. cleaned10. close v.关，闭 closed adj.关着的1)有点儿冷，把窗户关一下好吗？ It is a little cold, would you please close the window?2)有点儿冷，就让窗户关着吧！ It is a little cold, please keep the windows closed!3) How long the post office?A. did, openB. has, been op

9、en C. has, openD. has, closed11. come (came, come) v. 来：【与come有关的短语】come in 进来，进入come on 来吧come true 实现come up with 找到；提出(答案，解决办法等)He came up with a new suggestion.他提出了个新的建议。12. comfortable adj.舒适的，舒服的1) The room is so hot that all of us feel. (comfortable)uncomfortable2) The Teddy Bear gave much to

10、 these homeless children. (comfortable)comfort13. complain v.抱怨，发牢骚1) The supermarket has received a lot of about the quality of their products.(complain) complaints2) Granma Wang always that her health is poor. (complaint)complains3）毕业班的学生经常向他们的父母抱怨那无休无止的考试。The graduates usually complain to their p

11、arents about the endlessexaminations.14. confident adj.有自信的；确信的 confidence n.自信1) They were in everything they did.confident2) I'm sure that you can beat him if you ' re full of. confidence 3)is the key to success. Confidence15. cost （cost, cost ） v.花费（金钱，时间等）D. spendD. takes1) I'm inter

12、ested in animals, so I every Saturday working in an animal hospital.A. payB. costC. take2) Meimei is leaving for Beijing by air, no matter how much itA. paysB. costsC.spends3) I spent ten minutes going to school.(同义句转换 )It me ten minutes go to school.took, to16. crowd v.拥挤大街上人流涌动、车水马龙。 The road is c

13、rowded with people and cars.1. danger n.危险：I warned him of the danger.我警告过他说有危险。1) Drink-driving is.It causes serious traffic accidents. Drivers must never do it.(danger) dangerous2)我们都应该遵守交通法规，从而不让自己处于危险之中。We should obey traffic rules in order not to be in danger.3)他们竭尽全力脱离了险境。 They tried their bes

14、t to get out of danger.2. dead adj. 死的：There ' s a dead cat in the house.房里有只死猫。用dead的适当形式填空1) Many people from recent car accidents on high ways.died2) The carelessness caused the of the driver.death3) My grandfather has been for 5 years.dead3. deal n. (口语)协议；交易 v.处理，解决1)我们已经与一家意大利公司达成协议。We hav

15、e made a deal with an Italian company.Could you tell2）你能告诉我怎么处理这件事吗?保持原意不变）too, anybody, solveme how to deal with the problem?3) The problem is so difficult that nobody can deal with it.(The problem is difficult for to4. decide v.决定；决心：The date hasn ' t been decided yet. 日期还没有定好。1) The family ha

16、s made a that they will go travelling. (decide)decision2) They decided to put off the sports meeting until next Friday because of the heavy rain.(保持原意不变)Theyto put off the sports meeting until next Fridaybecause of the heavy rain.made up their mind5. deep adj.深的：The lake is three meters deep. 湖水深 3

17、米。1) The well is about( 三米深),how about the(deep) of that one? three meters deep* depth2) The film was very moving. I was moved by it. (deep)deeply6. describe v.描写，叙述* description n.描写，叙述：1）你能用三句话描述他的长相吗?Can you describe what he looks like within three sentences?2）西湖的美景美得难以形容。The scenery of the West

18、Lake is beautiful beyond description.7. develop v.发展；研制，开发：He developed the little shop into a big store.他把小铺子发展成一个大商店。用develop的适当形式填空1) We are proud of the fast in our country these years.development2) China is a country, while America is a country.developing,developed3) With the rapid, China is pl

19、aying an important role in the international society. development8. discover v.发现，发觉【词汇辨析】discover & inventlumbia discovered America in 1492.哥伦布于1492年发现了美洲。爱迪生在很多年之前发明了灯泡。dison invented the light bulb many years ago.9. drive (drove, driven) v. 驾驶 十分钟 的车程 ten minutes ' drive把某人逼疯 drive sb. cr

20、azy10. drop v,掉下，落下 n. 一滴我的表从口袋里掉了 出来。My watch dropped out of my pocket.E1. each pron, 各自，各个either pron.（两者中的）任意一个adv,也（不）：ach of you will have a book.你们每个人都会有一本书。don ' t enjoy tennis, and I don ' t much like swimming, either.我不喜欢网球， 也不太喜欢游泳。You can have either the apple or the orange.你可以吃苹果

21、，也可以吃橘1)of the students has an English dictionary in our class.A. EveryB. EachC. BothD. Everyone2) There are many new high rises on side of Huaihai Road. What a magnificentview!A. eitherB. neitherC. bothD. all3) -When shall we go to the park, this morning or this afternoon?-is OK! I am free the whol

22、e day.A. NeitherB. EitherC. BothD. None4)John Jack may go with you because one of them must stay at home.A. Neither, norB. Not only, but alsoC. Either, orD. Both,and5) Tom has never seen that picture and I haven' t seen it,.A. alsoB. tooC. eitherD. as well6) -Which do you prefer, a cup of tea or

23、 a bottle of milk.-I don ' t like, thanks. I ' d like a cup of water.A. eitherB. neitherC. bothD.none7) Linda knows how to do it correctly, too.(变为否定句 )Linda know how to do it correctly,.doesn t, either2. easy adj.容易的:It' s easy to get to that place.到那个地方去很容易。用easy的适当形式填空1) With the help

24、 of my teacher, I can work out the problem.easily2) With the help of my teacher, I found the problems are much than before.easier3) Of the three problems, which one do you think seems.easiest3. education n.教育，培养用education的适当形式填空1) When nations grow richer, their citizens become more and have fewerch

25、ildren. educational2) Our real challenge is to the entire cate4. encourage v. 鼓励 * encouragement n. 鼓励 courage n.勇气注：没有couragement 这个词 用encourage的适当形式填空1) Her first success her to work even harder.encouraged2) Finally, he succeeded in passing the final examination due to the of hisparents a

26、nd friends.encouragement3) We should have the to do what we feel to be right.courage5. end n.末端，终点 v.结束：The school is at the end of the street.学校在街角的尽头。When the concert ended we went home.音乐会结束后我们回家了。【短语辨析】in the end at the end of by the end of1) The problem was difficult for most of us, but I did i

27、t.in theend2) The bridge will be built next year.at the end of3) More than six bridges had been built last year.by the end of6. enjoy v.喜欢；享受乐趣1) 她喜欢独自一人时听音乐。She enjoys listening to music when she is alone.2) We had a good time at the party.(同义句转换)We at the party.enjoyed ourselves3) Our holidays in

28、Thailand were really and unforgettable.enjoyable4) To our great, he finally got the first prize.Joy7. enough adj.足够的，充分的There ' s enough food for everyone.有足够每个人吃的食物。1) I have and I can do it, Mr. Green.A. time enough, good enoughB. enough time, well enoughC. time enough, enough wellD. enough ti

29、me, enough good2) The poor child was so lucky that she received many books from Project Hope.( 为简单句)The poor child was to receive many books from Project Hope.enough8. enter v.进入 entrance n.入口 用enter的适当形式填空1) I ' ll meet you at the to the theater.entrance2) It was already dark when we the cinema

30、.Entered3) You should be careful when you enter the dark room, for it is full of desks.( 单句)You should be careful when the dark room, for it is full of entering9. ever adv.曾经lucky改简desks.Have you ever climbed a mountain? 你爬过山吗？1) I have never received her letters since I came to Shanghai.(改为般疑问句 )yo

31、u received her letters since you came to Shanghai?Have, ever2)这是我曾经收到过的最好的礼物。 This is the best gift I ' ve ever got.10. everybody / everyone pron, 每人everything pron. 每件事；每样东西everywhere adv.至U处，无论哪里：'s start our meeting.1）既然每个人都来了，那我们就开会吧。Since everyoneeverybody is here, let2）我找遍了所有地方，但还是没找到。

32、I' ve looked everywhere, but I still can ' t find it.11. except prep. 除之夕卜：1) All compositions are well written yours.A. except forB. exceptC. besidesD. beside2) His composition is good a few spelling mistakes.A. except forB. exceptC. besidesD.beside3) We study Chemistry and physics Chinese

33、and Maths.A. except forB. exceptC. besidesD.beside4) There is a church his house.A. except forB. exceptC. besidesD.beside12. excited adj.兴奋的，激动的 exciting adj.令人兴奋的1) The football match we watched last Sunday was very.exciting2) The children were opening their Christmas presents.excited3)保罗第一次坐飞机很兴奋。

34、Paul was excited about his fist trip in an airplane.4) On hearing the great news that Beijing has won the bids of 2008 Olympic Games, the crowds at Tian Anmen Square began to cheer. (excite)excitedly13. expect v.期望，预料My boss has just called me, telling me to shorten my holiday, that is to say, I bac

35、k to my office by Friday.A. expectB. am expecting C. am expectedD. willexpect14. expensive adj.昂贵的：It is too expensive for me to buy. 这东西太贵了, 我买不起。1) I' m afraid that I don ' t have enough money to buy such an cell phone.expensive2) It ' s difficult for the poor family to afford his coll

36、ege.expenses1）他缺乏经验。15. experience n.经验，体验He is short of experience.2）她写了一本书，讲述她的非洲经历。 She wrote a book about her experiences in Africa.【语法大练兵】初中英语分类练习介词部分Choose the best answerC. likeD. at-2001.C. InD. From1. Miss White looks her mother. She is good-looking, too.A. afterB. for2. - When did you begi

37、n to learn English?A. SinceB. At3. - Do you like English films?Yes. I was told that there wouldbean English filmthe evening ofA. withB. inC. atD. fromSeptember 1st.A. inB. onC. atD. to4. - Who are the boys green sports shirts?- Oh, they are the fans of Guo an Team.5. - Does his uncle live in London?

38、- Yes, he has lived there two years ago.A. fromB. inC. beforeD. since6. My uncle has just bought a house a small garden front of it.A. with; inB. of; atC. near; byD. in; on7. - Can you make a sentence the word “ produce ” ?- OK. Let me have a try.A. inB. byC. withD. at8. - Look! The farmers are stil

39、l working the heavy rain. - Oh. Let' s go tohelp them.A. withB. inC. underD. without9. - Why did the woman look unhappy? - Because she felt worried her sick baby.A. forB. toC. onD. about10. - Do you know the student David and Jeff?- Yeah. It ' s Jim.A. amongB. inC. betweenD. around11. The th

40、ief broke into the house the window.A. throughB. acrossC. overD. after12. - I ' m not good remembering names.- Neither am I.A. inB. onC. atD. with13. Thanks our teacher, we solve the problem her help.A. for; withoutB. to; withC. for; withD. to;without 14. Now many children like surfing the Inter

41、net, but the same timethey should know that there is something unhealthy on it.A. for; inB. at; byC. on; atD. in; on15. It ' s very nice you to take care my baby while I was away.A. for; ofB. to; forC. with; afterD. of; of16. These American scientists arrived Guangzhou late night.A. on; atB. in;

42、 atC. in; inD. at; in17. - Does your grandfather often read newspapers breakfast?- Yes, hedoes.A. onB. inC. atD. of18. - Look, mum! I got the first prize the physics competition yesterday.-Congratulations! I am very what you ' ve done.A. on; angry withB. in; pleased withC. at; afraid ofD. for;so

43、rry for.-Please retell the story _English.-OK.A. withB. byC. inD. at20. - I ' m looking forward taking a holiday in Hainan.-So am I. It ' s great to be holiday there.A. for; onB. to; atC. to; onD. for; at21. - Did Li Ming go to school his bike yesterday? - No, he went to school foot.A. by; o

44、nB. in; byC. on; onD. by; by22. - What can you see over there?-I can see a car running the bridge and a ship sailing it.A. across; underB. over; underC. above; throughD. over;through初中英语分类练习代词部分I.改正下列句子中的错误1. The fish was so delicious. I had many fish.2. There are five new ball pens over there. Plea

45、se give me the red some.3. The teacher gave every of her children a toy.4. There are some chairs on every sides of the small river.5. None of my parents are Party members.6. My aunt is going to stay in the U.S. for other five weeks.1. many 改为 much 2. some 改为 one 3. every 改为 each 4. every 改为 both5. N

46、one 改为 Neither 6. other five weeks 改为 another five weeksChoose the best answerA. himselfB. myselfC.itD.itself4. The girl dressesA. herwhen she gets up.B. sheC.himselfD.herself5. -is he?A. Who-He is an economist.B. WhomC.WhatD.Which1. Won ' t you lethelp you?he2.onA. I and my friendB. my friend a

47、nd IC. my friend and meD. me and“Here is a pair which fits” .“Could I?，A. put it onB. try on themC. put on themD. try them3. The sentenceis not wrong.6. Our feeling wasA. the same as theyB. same as theyC. the same as theirsD.same as theirs7. The population of Shanghai is larger thanof Nanjing.A. tha

48、tB. oneC. thisD. those8. I invited Tom and Jane to dinner, butof them came.A. neitherB. eitherC. bothD. none9. Ishere? No, Xiao Wang is in the library.A. anybodyB. everybodyC. somebodyD.nobody10. a pity you didn ' t see the film.A. It ' sB. That ' sC. These isD.What ' s11. I don '

49、; t like playing football, and does he.A. eitherB. neitherC. noneD. so12. Try to make as mistakes as possible in your homework.A. lessB. littleC. fewerD. few13. I haven ' t money with me, but if you want I can give you.A. much, manyB. many, littleC. much, someD. any,much14. We want example. This

50、 one is not enough.A. the otherB. othersC. otherD. another15. 一 What ' s in your car ? 一 .A. No oneB. NothingC. NobodyD.None 16. I don ' t think it very expensive to buy a family computer here.一 Really? I ' ll buy next week .A. itB. thisC. oneD.mineReading ComprehensionPassage 1Who desig

51、ned the first helicopter （ 直升飞机）？ Who painted of the most famous pictures in the world? Who knew more about the human body than most _1_?There is an answer _2_ all these questions - Leonardo de Vinci （达芬奇）.Leonardo may have been the greatest genius （天才）people have ever known.He lived in Italy around

52、 the year 1500, but many of his inventions seem modern to us today. For example, one of his notebooks has drawings of a helicopter. Of course, he couldn ' t _3_ a helicopter with the things he had. But scientists say his idea would have worked.But Leonardo _4_ an inventor. He was one of the grea

53、test artists of his day. By the time he was twenty years old, he was called a master （大师）painter, and as hegot older he became _5_ more famous. Sometimes he drew a hand ten different ways _6_ he was ready to paint.Many of Leonardo ' s wonderful paintings are still with us today. You may know1. A

54、. artistsB.doctorsC. paintersD. people2. A. toB.ofC. forD. from3. A. drawB. paintC. workD. build4. A. was justB. wasn 't justC. wasn ' tD. was nolonger5. A. lessB.noC. evenD. very6. A. beforeB.afterC. becauseD. whenone of his most famous works the _7_ woman known as the Mona Lisa.7. A. inter

55、estingB. cryingC. smilingD. surprisingPassage 2For several years, Americans have enjoyed teleshopping-watching TV and buying things by phone. Now teleshopping is starting in Europe. In some European countries, people can turn on their TVs and shop for clothes, jewelry, food, toys and many o_1_ thing

56、s.Teleshoppingis becomingpopularinSweden. Forexample,the biggestSwedish company sells different kinds of things on TV in fifteen European countries, and in one year,it makes $10million.InFrance, thereare twoteleshoppingchannels, and the French s_2_ about $ 20 million a year in buying things through those channels.I