解题训练2016考研英语阅读文章精细分析

1、2016考研英语阅读文章精细分析2015年3月份一开学，各位学子迎来了新的学期，这也就意味着考研复习基础阶段的黄金时期到来了，所以各位学子一定要抓住这段黄金复习期，提高自己的英语基础水平。考研英语基础阶段的主要任务是攻克词汇和语法长难句。但是背单词是各位考生最为头疼的事情。与此同时，长难句由于缺乏语境也很难理解。面对此种情况，万学海文为各位学子推荐一种轻松记忆单词和长难句的好方法。在这个阶段，各位学子可以认真研读1994-2003年的真题，从真题中汲取营养，攻克词汇和语法长难句。7月份之前，如果各位考生能够将10年47篇文章做到精读，相信大家的词汇和语法长难句一定会有大的突破，并且为强化阶段的

2、学习奠定坚实的基础。基础阶段精读复习方法及步骤：1 快速浏览选项，把握文章主题2 精读各段落，攻克词汇和语法长难句3 作答题目，理解文章含义4 翻译全文，再次巩固复习词汇和语法长难句下面我们为各位学子精细分析1994年Text3Exceptional children are different in some significant way from others of the same age. For these children to develop to their full adult potential, their education must be adapted to th

3、ose differences. Although we focus on the needs of exceptional children, we find ourselves describing their environment as well. While the leading actor on the stage captures our attention, we are aware of the importance of the supporting players and the scenery of the play itself. Both the family a

4、nd the society in which exceptional children live are often the key to their growth and development. And it is in the public schools that we find the full expression of society s understandingthe knowledge, hopes, and fears that are passed on to the next generation. Education in any society is a mir

5、ror of that society. In that mirror we can see the strengths, the weaknesses, the hopes, the prejudices, and the central values of the culture itself. The great interest in exceptional children shown in public education over the past three decades indicates the strong feeling in our society that all

6、 citizens, whatever their special conditions, deserve the opportunity to fully develop their capabilities. “All men are created equal.” Weve heard it many times, but it still has important meaning for education in a democratic society. Although the phrase was used by this countrys founders to denote

7、 equality before the law, it has also been interpreted to mean equality of opportunity. That concept implies educational opportunity for all childrenthe right of each child to receive help in learning to the limits of his or her capacity, whether that capacity be small or great. Recent court decisio

8、ns have confirmed the right of all childrendisabled or notto an appropriate education, and have ordered that public schools take the necessary steps to provide that education. In response, schools are modifying their programs, adapting instruction to children who are exceptional, to those who cannot

9、 profit substantially from regular programs. 9. In Paragraph 2, the author cites the example of the leading actor on the stage to show that _.A the growth of exceptional children has much to do with their family and the society B exceptional children are more influenced by their families than normal

10、 children are C exceptional children are the key interest of the family and society D the needs of the society weigh much heavier than the needs of the exceptional children 10. The reason that the exceptional children receive so much concern in education is that _. A they are expected to be leaders

11、of the society B they might become a burden of the society C they should fully develop their potentials D disabled children deserve special consideration 11. This text mainly deals with _. A the differences of children in their learning capabilities B the definition of exceptional children in modern

12、 society C the special educational programs for exceptional children D the necessity of adapting education to exceptional children 12. From this text we learn that the educational concern for exceptional children _. A is now enjoying legal support B disagrees with the tradition of the country C was

13、clearly stated by the country s founders D will exert great influence over court decisions 一、 快速浏览选项，把握文章主题根据题干中“exceptional children”, “education”,可知，本文的主题应该与特殊儿童的教育紧密相关。二、精读各段落，攻克词汇和语法长难句词汇精解(1) exceptional (a.) 反常的，有缺陷的；杰出的，出类拔拔萃的；children需要特殊照顾的儿童；exception (n.) 除外，例外，with the of除之外(2) in some w

14、ay (s)=in one way以某种方法；in a way =to a certain extent but not entirely在某种程度上(3) potential (n.) 潜能，潜力，full 最大的潜能；（a.）潜在的，可能的(4) adapt (v.)（使）适应，适合，改编，改写 to；adaptation (n.)(5) supporting (a.) （演员、节目等）次要的；support (v./n.)支持，支撑，拥护，供养，维持；supporter (n.) 支持者，拥护者；supportive (a.) 支持的，赞助的 (6) expression (n.) 表达

15、，表示，词语，措辞，式子，符号，full of 充分表达；express (v.) 表示，表示，(a.)特快的，快速的；(n.) 快车，快递(7) capability (n.) 能力，才能，技能；capable (a.)(8) denote (v.) 表示，意味着，作为（某事物）的名称、符合或象征等(9) interpret (v.) 解释，说明，口译；interpreter (n.) 译员，口译者(10) substantially (adv.) 真正地；substantial (a.) 实质的，真实的，坚固的，结实的，富裕的；substance (n.)物质，实质，大意，财产，财物长难句

16、精解And it is in the public schools that we find the full expression of society s understandingthe knowledge, hopes, and fears that are passed on to the next generation.原句是it is that的强调句型，此句是强调地点。破折号后是对societys understanding 的解释。其中有一个that引导的定语从句对the knowledge, hopes, and fears三个名词进行修饰。此句的understanding

17、意思是“理智、知性”；pass on 意思是“把传给另一个，转移”。译文：正是在公立学校里我们感受到了社会知性的充分体现向下一代传授知识、希望和恐惧。The great interest in exceptional children shown in public education over the past three decades indicates the strong feeling in our society that all citizens, whatever their special conditions , deserve the opportunity to fu

18、lly develop their capabilities.此句的主干是The great interest indicates the strong feeling，主语后是一个较长的修饰限制成分in exceptional children shown in public education over the past three decades。宾语the strong feeling in our society后是that引导的同位语从句，其主语是all citizens，谓语是deserve，在两者之间有插入成分whatever their special conditions进

19、行补充说明。译文：过去30年间公共教育表出现的对特殊儿童的巨大关注表明了存在于我们社会中的那种强烈情绪，即所有公民，不论情况怎么特殊，都应该得到全面发展其能力的机会。That concept implies educational opportunity for all childrenthe right of each child to receive help in learning to the limits of his or her capacity, whether that capacity be small or great.此句的主句是破折号前的部分，破折号后是对主句宾语ed

20、ucational opportunity for all children的进一步说明，中心词是the right，后面都是修饰限定成分。to the limits of意思是：达到的极限，如：to the limits of his strength。whether引导的从句省略了should, 是虚拟语气。译文：这个概念暗示所有儿童都有接受教育的机会即每个儿童，不管其本身的能力大小与否，都有权利在学习上最大限度地得到帮助。In response, schools are modifying their programs, adapting instruction to children

21、who are exceptional, to those who cannot profit substantially from regular programs.此句的主干是schools are modifying，后面adapting引导的分词结构做状语，其中又有两个并列的介词to结构，并且都含有定语从句，即：to children who和to those who。译文：作为回应，学校也调整课程安排，使授课能够适应特殊儿童，适应那些不能从常规课程中真正获益的儿童的需要。三、作答题目，理解文章含义9.【答案】A【解析】事实细节题。该段第二句为了进一步说明第一句而打了个比方，把exce

22、ptional children 比喻成leading actor，把their environment比做supporting players and the scenery of the play。作者引用这个例子是为了从舞台主角的魅力离不开配角和场景的支持这一事实引出一个观点，也就是第三句：“特殊儿童所处的家庭和社会常常是他们成长和发展的关键”。A选项和这个思想吻合，为正确答案。文章第一段指出特殊儿童与正常儿童相比有许多不同，但是并没有具体就某方面的不同进行比较，而B选项中出现了原文不存在的“家庭影响”比较，所以不对。C选项中的干扰词有key、exceptional children和f

23、amily and society，它们出现在该段第三句，但是C选项的含义与原文已大相径庭。D选项也出现了文中未有的“比较”。weigh much heavier than意思为：比分量重得多，比重要得多。注意：对于文中的比喻和类比，最重要的一点是弄清楚它们说明的对象。10.【答案】C【解析】事实细节题。第三段最后一句指出“公共教育对特殊儿童的巨大关注表明所有公民不管情况特殊与否，都应该有机会全面发展自己的能力”，言下之意就是，特殊儿童在教育上受关注是因为他们尽管不同于一般儿童，却有全面发展的权利。C选项与此意相同，是原文的合理改写。fully develop their potentials

24、与原文fully develop their capabilities同义。故C为正确答案。A选项和B选项在原文中均未述及。D选项读起来似乎合理，但是实际上是答非所问，没有给出任何实在的原因。11.【答案】D【解析】主旨题。文章第一段为主题段，先引出话题“特殊儿童”，指出他们与同龄儿童相比有许多明显的不同之处；接着给出主旨句“为使特殊儿童的全部潜力得到开发，教育必须适应他们的不同需要”；在随后的段落里，作者主要通过阐述“人人都享有接受教育的平等机会”的观点，充分论证主题的合理性。因此D选项符合主题思想，是正确答案。A选项中的对象是children，而非文中的exceptional children。此外，本文并未说明儿童在学习能力方面存在哪些差异。B选项原文没有提及。C选项虽然在最后一段被简略提及，但是它是学校在“教育机会人人平等”的观念影响下的具体措施，不是全文的主要内容。命题意图是要求考生找出文章的主旨句。12.【答案】A【解析】推理判断题。最后一段第四句recent count decision have confirmed the right of all childrendisabled or notto an appropriate education说