一般现在时与一般过去时的讲解与练习讲解学习

1、精品文档一般现在时与一般过去时的讲解与练习一般现在时的讲解及练习一般现在时是英语中应用最广泛的时态之一，是英语语法重点。一般现在时表示：1 .经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。e.g. I go to school on foot. He is very busy now.2 .表示主语的特征、性格、能力、爱好等。e.g. He can swim. I work hard. I like watching TV.3 .表示客观真理。e.g. There are seven days in a week. The moon moves round the earth.构成1. be动词：主语+b

2、e(am,is,are)矶它。如： I am a boy.我是一个男孩。2.行为动词：主语+行为动词什其它)。如： We study English.我们学习英 语。当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)M,要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"或变"y为 “iesOf: Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。Miss Gu teaches us English顾老师教我们英语。 She studies Chinese every da她每天学习语文。第三人称单数的动词变化规则(1) 多数动词直接加 s: runs gets li

3、kes collets takes playsclimbs(2)结尾是s, x, sh, ch, o前为辅音字母，结尾加es :watches teaches goes does washes crosses mixes(3)动词末尾y前为辅音：将y改i加es: study -studiesfly -flies y前若为元 音则直接加s: buys says 练习题1用动词的适当形式填空1.1 like(swim).2 .He(read) English every day.3 .We(go)to school at seven in the morning.4 .Mike(go)to sch

4、ool at seven in the morning.5 .My mother(like)(go) shopping.6 . WhyTom absent today ? ( be )7.She(make) a model plane.8 .Do you(like)(run)?9 .Does he(like)(jump) ?10 .Does Nancy(grow)flowers on Saturday ?11 .The teachers(like)(dance).12 .The teacher(like)(dance).13 .The students(speak) English in cl

5、ass.14 .The student(speak) Chinese after class.15 . you study English at school ? Yes , I. ( do )16 . He like swimming . ( not )其句式变化可分为两种情况：1 .含有be动词的要在be上做变化：E.g. Danny is a good studentDanny isn ' t a good student.Danny a good student?2 .表示动作，一般人称作主语的，变否定句须在动词前加助动词don't;变一般疑问句须在句首加助动词do。E

6、.g. They have lunch at 12:00. They dont have lunch at 12:00.Do they have lunch at 12:00?单三人称做主语的，变否定句须在动词前加助动词doesn't;变一般疑问句须在句首加助动词does。E.g. Jenny speaks English very well. Jenny doesnspeak English very well. Does Jenny speak English very well?其时间状语为 often、usually、always、sometimes等频率副词，onSaturd

7、ays in the morning(afternoon evening) > every day等。夫常见错误如下:一、be动词与行为动词同时出现在句子中例： We are plant (plant) the trees in spring.解析：学生往往会用汉语的思维方式去翻译，就成了我们是在春天植树”。这是学习英语最忌讳的，要看语法是不是正确，在英语中，be是表状态，do是表动作，两种动词不能同时出现在句子中，可记住如下口诀：英汉语言有差异，be、do不能放一起，仔细琢磨细分析，语法千万要牢记。 ”二、单三人称形式易出错例：1 He plaies (play) football v

8、ery well. 2 Danny gos (go) to school at 7:10.解析：1以辅音字母加y结尾的动词变单三人称形式才能把 y换成i再加es； 2与名词变复数不同，变单三人称形式以o结尾的词要加es.三、在句式变换时易出错例：1 Does Jenny has (has) a good friend?2 Brian doesn ' t lives (not live) in China.答案：1 Does have 2 doesn ' t live解析：单三人称做主语的一般现在时做句式变化时，可记住如下口诀：见助动，用原形此口诀也可推广用于一般过去时态中。e.

9、g. He didn't go homeyesterday.四、对do的理解易出错例： We don' t (not do) our homework in the afternoon.答案：don' t do解析：do是一个比较难理解的词，它有三个含义：a)是所有行为动词的总称；b)是助动词，无实义；c)是一个具体的行为动词 做，干”。此句中给出的do指 做，干”，not指把此句变为否定句，故须在do前加助动词don't五、对主语的数判断有误例: Li Ming with me are (be) in Beijing.答案：is解析:表面一看是我和李明两个人在

10、北京”，但with在此做伴随状语，不能 做主语，故用is.另外，宾语从句中，从句部分若是表示客观真理，不管主句是何时态，从 句都要用一般现在时；在时间和条件状语从句中，主句表将来，从句要用一般 现在时。自我检测：（一）、单选1. Jenny in an office. Her parents in a hospital.A work; works B works; workC work; are working D is working; work2. One of the boys a black hat.A have B there is C there are D has3. We wi

11、ll go shopping if it tomorrow.A don't rain B didn't rain C doesn't rain D isn't rain4. He said the sun in the east and in the west.A rose; set B rises; sets C rises, set D rise; sets5. Wang Mei music and often to music.A like; listen B likes; listens C like; are listening D liking ;

12、listen6. Jenny English every evening.A has study B studies C study D studied(二卜填空1 I can take Li Ming there when he(come) to visit.2 your sister(know)English?3Her home(t 离)her school.4The pot(not look) like yours very much.5 Where you(have)lunch every day?6 Who 怨要)to go swimming?7 she(do) the housew

13、ork every day?8 Jenny and Danny usually(play) games in the afternoon .一般过去时一般过去时表示过去的动作和状态。如：I met him yesterday.昨天我碰见了他。一般过去式构成：表示一般过去式的动词通常用动词的过去式形式来表示，而动词的过去式是在动词原形的基础上变化的。动词的过去式可分为 规则动词和不规则动词。规则动词的过去式变化如下：一般情况下，动词词尾加 -ed,如： worked played wanted acted以不发音的-e结尾动词，动词词尾加 -d,如：lived moved decided hop

14、edjudged raised以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,把-y变为-i再加-ed,如：Studied tried copied cried carried以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，双写词尾辅音字母，冉加 -ed,如：stopped begged dragged dropped planned dripped注：不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强，须多加记忆。go - went make - made get - got buy - bought come - came fly-flew一般过去式的用法：表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内所发生的动作或情况，不强调动作对现 在的影响，只说明过

15、去。通常一般过去式带有表示动作时间状语的词，词组或 从旬，如 yesterday （昨天）、two days ago （两天前）、last year （去年）、the other day （前几天）、once up on a time （过去曾经）、 just now（刚才）、in the old days （过去的日子里）、before liberation （解放前一）、 When I was 8 years old （当我八岁时）、at+一个时间点等，上下文清楚时可以 不带时间状语。I worked in that factory last year.去年我在那一家工厂工作。Lei Fe

16、ng was a good soldiers 锋是个好战士。句型结构1 .肯定句I watched TV last night.2 .否定句I didn ' t watch TV last night.3 .一般疑问句Did you watch TV last night?4 .there be 句型There was an apple on the table last night.There wasn ' t an apple on the table last night.Was there an apple on the table last night?般过去时口诀一

17、般过去时并不难，表示过去动作、状态记心问。动词要用过去式，时间状语句末站。否定句很简单，didn't站在动词原形前，其它部分不要变。一般疑问句也好变，did放在句子前，主语、动词原形、其它部分依次站特殊疑问句也简单，疑问词加一般疑问句记心问。最后一条请注意，动词过去式要牢记。.用所给词的适当形式填空。1. Tom and Mary(come) to China last month.2. Mike(not go) to bed until 12 o' clock last night.So he(get ) up late.3. Mary(read) English yeste

18、rday morning.4. There(be) no one here a moment ago.5. I(call) Mike this morning.6. I listened but(hear) nothing.7. Tom(begin) to learn Chinese last year.8. Last week we(pick) many apples on the farm.9. My mother(not do) housework yesterday.10. She watches TV every evening. But she(not watch) TV last

19、 night.11. your father( go ) to work every day last year?12. -What time you(get) to Beijing yesterday?-We(get) to Beijing at 9:00 in the evening.13. What(make) him cry 火)just now?14. Last year the teacher(tell) us that the earth moves around the sun.15. There a telephone call for you just now. (be)1

20、6. There not enough people to pick apples that day. ( be)17. There( be not) any hospitals in my hometownl(乡)in 1940.18. There enough milk at home lasweek, wasn ' t there?19. Eli to Japan last week. ( move)20. When you(come) to china? Last year.21. Did she(have) supper at home?22. Jack(not clean)

21、 the room just now.23. (be) it cold in your city yesterday?24. How many people(be) there in your class last term?25. It(be) hot yesterday and most children(be) outside.26. There(be) a football match on TV yesterday evening, but I (have) no time to watch it.二.请用正确动词形式填空。1. I(have) an exciting party last weekend.2.she(practice) her guitar yesterday? No, she.3. What Tom(do) on Saturday evening?He(watch) TV and(read) an interesting book.4. They all(go) to the mountains yesterday morning.5. She(not visit) her aunt last weekend. She(stay) at home and (do) some cleaning.6. When you(writ