八年级上册英语(苏教版八年级)8AU3知识点整理

1、八年级英语课堂笔记8a unit 3 1. climb the hill 爬山 climb (up)爬 climb up the great wall爬长城climb into the bed 爬上床climb through the window从窗户爬出来climb over the wall 翻越墙2. need to exercise and keep fit 需要锻炼来保持健康keep fit, keep healthy, stay healthy 保持健康keep sb + adj: keep us healthykeep sb + doing: keep workers work

2、ing need作名词时，构成短语in need。作行为动词时有人称和数的变化，后接不定式或动名词；当主语和它后面的动词之间有一种被动关系时，使用need doing 或 need to be done。作情态动词时无人称和数的变化，后接动词原形。we should help people in need. he needs to study hard. a lot of homework needs finishing.a lot of homework needs to be finished. exercise n/vdo morning /eye exercises.做锻炼： do e

3、xercise 做练习： do exercises 他每天锻炼。 he does exercise every day. / he exercises every day. 3. come on (命令句 )快，快点吧；走吧；跟我来；这边来吧come on! we ll be late for school.快点！我们上学要迟到了。4. let s enjoy ourselves! enjoy oneselfhave a good time 玩得高兴 ,过得愉快， 反身代词与主语保持一致。let s do sth, shall we? 除此以外的祈使句,无论是肯定式还是否定式,附加疑问部分一律

4、用will you. e.g. don t be late again, will you? open the door, will you? let us go home, will you?5. take a boat trip 乘船旅行， go past the opera house 经过悉尼歌剧院6. sit in a little coffee shop by the river seine坐在塞纳河畔的一个小咖啡店里coffee house 咖啡店；茶馆，coffee shop 咖啡店by 在旁边 (比 near近) come and warm yourself by the f

5、ire. 过来烤烤火。7. take care保重；当心，小心take (good) care of look afterwell ( 好好 )照顾 look out 当心 look out of 向外看be careful 小心 be careful of/with珍视；注意please be careful of your health. 请注意你的健康。8. a beautiful building with a big garden and many trees 介词短语with a big garden and many trees 作后置定语，修饰名词a beautiful bui

6、lding 。9. foreign country 外国， a foreign language 一门外语10. have a wonderful/great/good time 玩得高兴 ;过得愉快have a wonderful/great/good time + doing 11. interesting placesplaces of interest 有趣的地方；名胜(注意此处的interest 无复数 ) 这里 interest 解释为 “ 令人感兴趣的事或人” 。interest 还表示 “ 兴趣 ” ，常用的短语有：show/have interest in sth 对 某事感

7、兴趣，show/have interest in doing sth 对 做某事感兴趣 daniel shows/has great interest in computers. daniel shows/has great interest in making his own home page.12. invite me to join their school trip to the world park邀请我参加她们学校组织的去世界公园的旅行invite sb to邀请某人去某地sb be invited to某人应邀去某地，millie invited me to her birth

8、day party. i was invited to millie s birthday party.invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事sb be invited to do sth 某人应邀做某事，we should invite more people to take part in the charity show. more people should be invited to take part in the charity show. join 参加，加入某组织， 如政党、 社会团体等。 join sb , join sb in sth 指和某人一起做某事。

9、join in take part in参加某活动，attend 出席。试比较：he joined the tennis club. the man joined the army at the age of 19. he joined in the game. did you take part in your school sports meeting? were going to plant trees. will you join us? he joined us in the game.13. at the beginning 开始；起初at the beginning in the

10、 beginning at firstat the start 开始；起初at last, finally, in the end后来；最后；终于，与上述短语“ 开始，起初 ” 意思相反。at the beginning of在之初 (后接时间 ) at the end of在末尾，在 的尽头 (后接时间或地点 ) 注意：没有in the beginning of , in the end offrom beginning to end 自始至终；从头到尾。注意：该短语不含定冠词the。begin with start with先做 ；以 开始e.g. lets begin with exer

11、cise 1. 表示 “ 启程 ” 、机器的 “ 启动 ” 只能用 start。let s start at 6:00 a.m. tomorrow.well begun is half done. 良好的开端是成功的一半。14. at the school gate在学校大门口at 表示在较小的地方，如：at the theatre 在剧院， at the party 在聚会上， at the airport 在机场，at the bus stop在公交站台，at the crossing, at the crossroads在十字路口15. get on a coach上长途汽车get on

12、 /get off上/下(车/船等 )，e.g. get on/get off the plane 上/下飞机16. a lot of traffic heavy traffic busy traffic 交通拥挤，作主语时谓语动词用单数。17. one / it / that (those)的区别your coat is very nice. i will buy _one_ tomorrow. the weather in beijing is colder than _that_ in changzhou. people in china are more friendly than _

13、those_ in the uk. i only have one copy of newspaper, do you want _it_ ? one 是指同类不同物，指代前面出现的单数名词，复数用ones；it 指同类同物；that 或 those用于比较级中。试翻译：the pyramids look like the real ones. 18. whole ：the whole world= all the world the whole day = all day 19. arrive at the world park 到达世界公园“ 到达 ” 有三种表达，get to某地， ar

14、rive at小地方， arrive in 大地方， reach某地。get to， arrive at/in 后接地点副词时不能用介词，常用的地点副词有here, there, home。如：get/arrive here/there/home 到这里 /到那里 /到家。20. be made of metal 由金属制成be made of 由 制成，强调从制成的成品上还能看得出原材料，物理变化。the desk is made of wood. 这 x 桌子是木制的。be made from 由制成，表示从成品上已经看不出原材料,化学变化。wine is made of grapes.

15、葡萄酒是葡萄酿成的。be made up of 由组成，由 构成，指各个部分组成整体。our class is made up of 54 students. 我们班由54 名学生组成。be made in 在某地制造nokia mobile phones are made in beijing.21. not any more再也不 no more，no more, no longer 用于 be 动词后、行为动词前not any more no more再也不 ( 表示程度、数量上的不再)not any longer no longer 不再 ( 表示时间上的不再延续) e.g.when

16、the baby saw his mother, he did not cry any more.after having some bread, she was no longer hungry.more and more越来越 ；越来越多 more or less 几乎；差不多what is more 更有甚者；更为重要的是e.g.i ve more or less finished reading the book. 我差不多已经读完这本书。youre wrong, and what is more you know it. 你错了！而且你明明知道你错了！22. the song and

17、 dance shows歌舞巡游， join in the dancing 加入舞蹈行列23. on the internet 在因特网上on the computer 在电脑上， on the screen 在屏幕上， on tv 在电视上24. teach himself how to make a home page 自学制作网页teach oneselflearn by oneself 自学 ，疑问词带to 的动词不定式。25. go and see for yourself 亲自去看看for oneself 亲自， by oneselfon one s ownalone 独自； 单独

18、did she find it out for herself? yes. she did it all by herself.26. travel from one place to another 从一个地方到另一地方旅行from one place to another 相当于 from place to place 类似的有： from one country to another from country to country 。fromto another 中的 another 不能用 other 代替。fromto 中的名词前不能用冠词a/an/the，名词不能用复数。from

19、beginning to end 自始至终， from head to foot 从头到脚from morning to night27. take a look at看一看have/take a look 看一看，只强调看的动作；have/take a look at看一看 i took a lot of photos in shenzhen. may i have/take a look at them?take a look at the things (people used in the past). 括号内的句子是定语从句。28.in the past 过去， at present

20、现在， in the future 将来；未来(注意介词in/at 和冠词的搭配) 29. walk slowly around the big lake and feel the beauty of the old park in the summer palace在颐和园里环湖漫步，感受这座古老公园的美丽beauty n. 美；美丽e.g. a thing of beauty is a joy for ever.美的事物永远令人喜爱。(语出约翰 济慈 john keats英国文坛巨星、著名诗人，与雪莱、拜伦齐名) 美人；美丽的事物，she was a beauty in her day.

21、around 围绕；环绕 show sb around. 带领某人参观某地the guide showed us around the xuanwulakepark. the earth travels around the sun. 30. which city do you want to go to?该句的疑问词which 作 go to 的宾语，不能使用where。例如该句可以回答为i want to go to paris/washington/london. 试比较： where does he live? which flat does he live in?31. travel

22、 by underground 坐地铁by underground 乘坐地铁， by交通工具，是介词短语，此时by 后无介词。类似的有：by bus/train/plane/underground 乘坐公共汽车/火车 /飞机 /地铁。表示 “ 乘坐某交通工具去某地” 通常有两种表达：go to sp bytake the to 。例如：坐地铁去市中心：go to the centre of the city by underground take the underground to the centre of the city 。另外， “ 乘坐飞机去某地” 有三种形式： go to by

23、planetake the plane tofly to ( 飞往 )32. learn more about old beijing 更多地了解老33. great fun 很有趣fun 名词 娱乐， 嬉戏e.g. he is full of fun. 他很有趣。 有趣的人或事we had a lot of fun at the party.在聚会上我们玩得很高兴。it is fun to play cards. 玩牌很有趣。 (不加 a) for fun 闹着玩的， e.g. i have said it just for fun. 我是说着玩的。make fun of 嘲弄 e.g. t

24、hey made fun of him.34. go horse riding 去骑马， e.g. you can go horse riding in inner mongolia. 35. keep their secret to themselves 保守着他们的这个秘密keep sth to oneself 不将某事说出去e.g.she always keeps her ideas to herself. the problem of stress gets worse when people keep their worries to themselves.keep secrets

25、for sb 为某人 xx ，e.g. thank you so much for keeping the secret for me. keep secrets from sb 对某人 xx 36. at the front of the bus 在公交车的前部 at/in the front of在的前部in front of “ 在的前面 ” ，主要指一物体在另一物体的前面，两者是分开的， 反义词是behind，“ 在的后面 ” ；而 at/in the front of 则指一物体中有一部分位于前部，在某物的前面部分，即两者是包容的， the front 是某物的不可分割的组成部分；a

26、t/in the front of 的反义词是at the back of在某物的后面部分；而before 是 “ 在的面前 ” 。the introduction is always in/at the front of the book.序言总是置于卷首。she sat in/at the front of the bus to get a good view of the country. many people took photos (在前面 ) the leaning tower of pisa.the robber was taken (在面前 ) the policeman.3

27、7. in the final of the basketball competition在篮球赛决赛中in the first half of the在的上半场比赛中，in the second half of the在 的下半场比赛中，in the final of the在 的决赛中， half-time 中场休息， presentation of cup and medals 颁发奖杯和奖牌仪式， gold medal 金牌， silver medal 银牌， bronze medal 铜牌。注意：赢得 /获得金牌： win a gold medal38. take place 发生；

28、举行，不与物动词短语，不能接宾语，不能用于被动语态中。发生the dialogue took place at a tailor s shop. great changes havetaken place in china since 1989. 注意： happen是“ 偶然发生 ” e.g. what happened to him last night? 举行 be held，e.g. the wedding of michael and stella will take place next sunday.take the place of取代 /代替 ，take ones place

29、 取代 /代替某人here is a toy plane to take the place of the one you lost.my sister is ill, and ive come to take her place. now plastics ( 塑料 ) can take the place ofsteel in many ways in life.39. go back to my school 回到我的学校go back toreturn to 回到e.g. hong and macao have returned to china.40. a fun place to

30、visit 动词不定式作后置定语，这里的fun 是形容词，意为“ 有趣的 ” 。41. the plan for today 当天的计划 plan n.计划v.计划make a plan 制订计划， make a/the plan for 制订 的计划， plan to do sth 计划做某事e.g. make a plan for the coming summer holiday 42. change to the bus换乘公共汽车change v.，“ 交换 ” ，与复数宾语连用can we change seats? change名词， 变化 (可数名词 ) e.g. great

31、changes巨变找给的零钱“ don t forget your change!” said the cashier.43. take the bus all the way to the palace museum 乘公共汽车直达故宫44. make it a really fun day for everyone 使每个人度过真正有趣的一天45. let me know as soon as possible. let sb know as soon as possible尽快通知某人46. luck n.运气，常用于good luck to sb. 祝某人好运。 good luck w

32、ith sth. 某事好运。luck lucky adj. 幸运的， e.g. a lucky dog 幸运儿 ;lucky luckily幸好 ,幸运地 ,幸运的是 ,常用于句首。her handbag was stolen on her way back home. (luck), she hadn t put her keys in it.47. support v.&n. 支持；养活e.g. have a lot of support from sb 得到某人的大力支持mark has a big family to support. 马克养活一大家人。with one s s

33、upport 在某人的支持下support supporter 支持者；拥护者e.g. i m a yao ming supporter.我是姚明的球迷。48. instead adv. 代替e.g. there s nothing at the cinema. let s go to the internet bar instead. instead of名词 /代词 /动名词 /介词短语，代替 e.g. can i come at 9:00 instead of 8:00?49. real/true 词语辨析real 和 true 的主要含义不同，real 指确实存在、非相像的；true

34、表示与事实相符、真实、非杜撰的。 e.g. was it real or was it a dream? 这是真实还是梦幻？is the news true? 这消息是真的吗？ a movie based on a true story 取材于真实故事的电影50. movement n. 运动；行进；走动e.g. there was a sudden movement in the bushes. 灌木丛里突然有什么东西动了一下。the womens/peace movement 妇女 /和平运动51. ticket 票；券；入场券a bus/theatre/plane ticket 公共汽车

35、票 /戏票 /机票，tickets are available from arts centre at ￥50. 艺术中心有票，每x50 元。a ticket for票, free tickets for the show 演出的免费入场券 a ticket office 售票处， a ticket machine 自动售票机，a ticket collector 收票员52. win (在比赛、赛跑、战斗中)获胜 ,赢,后接宾语为比赛、赛跑、战斗等，不能接人作宾语反义词 lose。winner 获胜者。 beat(在比赛或竞争中)赢、打败 (某人 )，后接的宾语是人或团体。france wo

36、n the world cup in 1998, but lost in 2002. congratulations! you win!he beat me at chess. their recent wins have proved theyre still the ones to beat.53. cheer vi.欢呼；喝彩； cheer for为 欢呼 cheerful 高兴的；兴高采烈的，cheering crowds greeted their arrival. we all cheered for our football team as they came on the field. the crowd cheered the president when he drove slowly by. he felt cheerful and full of energy. 他感到兴高采烈，浑身充满活力。 ch