高二英语下学期uit20教案Word版

1、Unit 20 ArchaeologySection 1 BackgroundIWarm up.呈现一组包括石器时代，青铜时代，汉朝，唐朝的食物，住房，工具等的图片。（Stone Age, Bronze Age, Han Dynasty, Tang Dynasty）配以字幕和相应音乐。然后讨论：Discussion:Describe the life of people in China during the periods.1. What did they eat?2. Where did they live and what did their homes look like?3. Wha

2、t kind of tools did they use and what objects have we found from their age?4. What kind of entertainment did they have?IIBackground1.展示伴有英语配音的背景资料。背景：使用所给的图片或录像资料。配音文字：使用从右向左游走字幕的方式。The StonehengeThis ancient monument of huge stones standing on the vast Salisbury plains in England has captured our i

3、maginations for centuries. It's the most enigmatic pre-historic monument on earth.What makes the structure at Stonehenge unique is the fact that for the first time they're shaping stones on a massive scale.Dating back as far as 2950 B.C., theories about who built Stonehenge have included the

4、 druids and the Greeks. Speculation as to its purpose, range from astronomy to a UFO landing site.Now a ruin with many of the original stones fallen or removed, this site still attracts nearly five thousand tourists everyday.Around the same time as the ancient Egyptians were building the pyramids, t

5、he first stones arrived here at Stonehenge. The mystery of this stone is that they are only found in the Brescelly Mountains in south Wales, nearly 150 miles away.It was a huge job to transport these stones from Wales, because originally there were about 80 of them here at Stonehenge weighing up to

6、four tons each. Now, if I got in my car it would take me about 5 hours to drive all the way to Wales. But to those people, it would've been an enormous distance.The stones were brought by boat from the mountains and pulled from the coast by sledge to the site.I think, you need a minimum of about

7、 150 people, simply to move on of these massive forty-ton stones.Getting the stones to the site was an amazing feat, but building Stonehenge was much more complex. It is not just simply one stone piled on top of another, they're joined together, this hole in the section here that's been poun

8、ded out using stone hammers, and that originally fitted on top of that protruding knob on top of that stone.After nearly 5,000 years Stonehenge is still standing. We now know how it was built. The question "why" is a bit more problematic. Twenty first century followers of ancient mystical

9、beliefs are sure that Stonehenge has a connection with the summer and winter solstices. "As a druid, as a priest of the land, I feel Stonehenge to be one of the key sacred temples in the world. Stonehenge evokes in us a connection between some deep ancestral intuitive soul and the power of natu

10、re around us."Nature may well know all the answers, but science has yet to prove its theories. It seems Stonehenge isn't ready to reveal all its secrets just yet.巨石阵古老的巨石阵屹立在英格兰索尔兹伯里平原上，数世纪以来，它的丰姿赋予了我们丰富的想象力。它是地球上最神秘的史前遗迹。巨石阵是独一无二的，因为它是首次出现的最大规模巨石。究竟是谁建造了巨石阵？这要追溯到公元前2950年，有两种说法：一种认为是特鲁伊特教的教

11、徒，另一种说法则认为是希腊人。有关巨石阵作用的推测也是众说纷纭，上至天文学意义，下至不明飞行体的降落点，尚无定论。现在，尽管很多巨石已经倒塌，或给搬走，但是这古迹仍然每天吸引着近五千名游客观光。差不多就在古埃及人建造金字塔的时候，巨石阵的第一批石头被运达英格兰索尔兹伯里平原。巨石的神秘之处在于，它只能从南威尔士的普雷西山脉取材，而那里位于150英里开外。从威尔士搬运石材是个艰巨的工作，因为最初的巨石阵中约有80多块巨石，每块重达4吨。现在如果从巨石阵开车去威尔士，全程需要大概5小时。可对于古人来说，这实在是条遥遥长路。巨石从大山里开采出来后，先用船只运抵海岸，然后再利用撬具从海岸运到现在的地址

12、。仅仅是搬运这些重达四十吨的巨石，就需要大约150人。能把些巨石运送到这里已是惊人之举。但建造巨石阵所花费的工夫更是复杂。因为巨石并不是简单地堆叠在一起，而是被巧妙地连接在一起：石块上这一部分的孔眼是用石锤开出来的，它原来刚好可以套住顶上另一块巨石的石楦。经历了五千年的风风雨雨，巨石仍然屹立不倒。现在我们已经知道它是如何建成的了。但问题是，为什么要建造这样一个巨石阵呢？古代密教的21世纪追随者则确信不疑：巨石阵与夏至、冬至日有关。“身为特鲁伊特信徒以及这片土地的神职者，我认为巨石阵是世上最重要的圣殿之一。它唤醒我们，在深藏的祖传直觉精神与大自然力量之间是有着某种联系的。”大自然也许知道一切答案

13、，但理论有待于用科学去进一步考证。看来巨石阵似乎还不愿意将神秘面纱全部揭开哩。2网站连接/ermace/sth/sth.html/ermace/sth/sth.html/earthmysteries/EMStonehenge.html.uk/Section 2 Listening and speaking1Listening第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试

14、卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. How much did a pound of green beans cost five years ago? A. $ 0.50 B. $ 1.00 C. $ 1.502. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers? A. Doctor and nurse. B. Teacher and student. C. Boss and secretary. 3. What does the man say about

15、Mary? A. She seldom works. B. She often changes her job. C. She enjoys working at the same job. 4. What is the man going to do? A. He is going to give his car to the garage. B. He is going to lend his car to the woman. C. He is not going to lend his car to Bill. 5. Whom is Anita going to marry? A. T

16、he woman. B. The man. C. Steve. 第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第67题。6. Where does the conversation most probably take place? A. In the office. B. At home. C. In a restaurant. 7. What does the man sugg

17、est the woman do? A. Visit some friends. B. Stay at home and wait for the phone call. C. Go out and do what she wanted to do. 听下面一段对话，回答第89题。8. What does Mike think of Jennys neighborhood? A. It is safe, but boring. B. It is quiet and clean. C. It is exciting, but dangerous. 9. What can we learn fro

18、m the conversation? A. Jenny likes her neighborhood very much. B. There is no crime in Mikes neighborhood. C. Jenny lives in the neighborhood where all her friends live. 听下面一段对话，回答第1020题。10. Whats Tonys telephone number? A. 50661640 B. 55061640 C. 5560164011. How many languages does the school offer

19、 to teach? A. Four B. One C. At least three. 12. Where is Tony going to learn French? A. In the Lake District. B. In the branch school. C. In the Central Park. 听下面一段对话，回答第1316题。13. What have the couple bought? A. Some honey. B. A television. C. A telephone. 14. Where is Jacks brother? A. In the stor

20、e. B. In Jacks house. C. In his own house. 15. How is the woman going to the office? A. On foot. B. In her car. C. By taxi. 16. What is the man going to do tonight? A. To watch a TV show. B. To do some cooking. C. To call his wife. 听下面一段独白，回答第1720题。17. What do the reports mainly talk about? A. SARS

21、and Parkinson. B. Coffee and soup. C. Health and diseases. 18. How much money will be totally spent in fighting against SARS? A. 900 million. B. 2.9 billion. C. 2.81 billion. 19. What will reduce Parkinsons disease risk? A. Drinking coffee. B. Drinking hot soup. C. Taking vitamin C pills. 20. What c

22、an we learn from the news? A. Vitamin C is bad for muscles. B. Children shouldnt eat hot instant food while watching TV. C. 900 million yuan has been spent in keeping SARS under control【试题答案】第一部分：听力理解（共两节）第一节：听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一小题，从题中所给的A，B，C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟时间来回答有关小题和阅读小一道小题。每段对话只读一

23、遍。1. M: The prices at the grocery store have increased a lot. Now green beans cost $ 1.50 a pound. W: I know. Five years ago they only a third that price. 2. M: Could you have Jane Smith come in for an interview? W: Sure, I will call her up immediately, sir. 3. W: I hear Mary is looking for a new jo

24、b. M: She has seldom worked at any job for more than a few weeks. 4. W: Is anything the matter? M: Its Billhe wants to borrow my car. W: So? M: So last time he borrowed it, he had an accident W: Why dont you tell him that its in the garage for repairs? 5. W: Whats up? M: Anita wants to get married.

25、W: Hey, thats great! M: No, it isnt. She wants to marry that guy from TorontoSteve. W: I guess, youll have to find another girlfriend. 第二节：（共15小题）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A，B，C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第67题。W: Was that the telepho

26、ne ringing? M: I didnt hear anything. W: I thought I heard it ring two or three times. M: Sometimes when the windows are open, you can hear the nieghbors phone. W: Well, Im expecting an important phone call, and I dont want to miss it. M: Is it anything I should know about? W: Not really. It has som

27、ething to do with work and doesnt really affect us here. M: Well, why dont you go ahead and do what you wanted to do outside. Ill call you if the phone rings for you. W: Thanks. I think I will. Ive been waiting so long and now Im getting nervous. I need to relax outdoors. 听下面一段对话，回答第89题。Mike: Whats

28、the best thing about your neighborhood, Jenny? Jenny: Hmm, the best thing about my neighborhood. Well, theres not much crimein fact, its a really safe place to be. How about yours? Mike: Well, the good thing about my neighborhood is that we have lots of stores and restaurants. Its exciting and fun.

29、The problem is that we have a lot of crime as well. Why is your neighborhood so safe, what do you think? Jenny: Probably because the neighbors are all friends and watch out for each other So its pretty good place to live. Mike: Well, its not perfect. Jenny: Why? Whats wrong? Mike: Oh, its kind of bo

30、ring. Theres nothing to do. 听下面一段对话，回答第1012题W: Hello. Wolfson College Language School. Can I help you? M: Yes. Id like to attend your foreign language class. Can I enroll over the phone? W: Yes., of course. May I have your name, please? M: Tony. My family name is Brown. W: OK. Do you have a telephon

31、e number? M: Yeah. Its double five o six sixteen forty. W: 55061640. Thank you. Now, which language would you like to learn? We have French, German, Japanese and .M: Ah. Id like to take French, please. W: OK. Our classes are given in different places. Where do you live? M: In the Lake District. W: W

32、ell, in that case, your nearest classroom is in our branch school called “New Century”. Its near Central Park. By the way, have you learned French before? M: Im afraid not. W: We describe our classes by level. Your class is called “Elementary”. M: I see. Elementary. 听下面一段对话，回答第1316题M: Im glad shoppi

33、ng is over now. Honey, lets go home. W: But I should go to the office. Jack. Ive got lots to do. M: OK. Id better hurry. My brothers waiting at the house to help carry the television in. W: Good. I hope hell still be there when I get home. I havent seen your brother for ages. Oh, I forgot to tell yo

34、u. Ill be late home tonight. Ive got a meeting at 5 oclock. M: When do you think it will end? W: Im not sure. Still, I should be home by eight. If later than 8 oclock Ill call you. M: OK. Its nice now that your office is in City Square. You dont have to travel very far. W: Yeah. Taxi drivers always

35、know where City Square is, too. By the way, are you going to watch “Law and order”on TV tonight? M: What did you say? What TV show? W: “Law and Order”. M: Of course I am. Ill tell you what happened when you get home. 听下面一段独白，回答第1720题。Now its ten oclock, time for brief reports. More Money to Go into

36、Fighting DiseaseSARS is a kind of severe lung disease that has broken out in many parts of China. An additional 900 million yuan will be given to keep SARS under control in the central and western areas of China. The total fund will reach 2.9 billion yuan. Hot Soup Risk to ChildrenSettling down to w

37、atch TV with a hot bowl of soup might be a nice thought this winter, but it could prove dangerous particularly for children, health professionals warned yesterday. Children were risking significant burns to their body when eating heated instant foods in front of the TV. Coffee Cuts Disease RiskCoffe

38、e-drinkers may have a lower risk of Parkinsons disease, research indicated. 8000 men in the US were studied over 30 years. “Those who did not drink coffee were three times more likely to develop Parkinsons disease than coffee-drinkers, ”the study reported in the British Medical Journal. Benefit of V

39、itamin CEnglish researchers have found that vitamin C is associated with several helpful changes such as reduced upper body soreness during recovery, and muscle function has also improved the day after exercise. 听力录音到此结束2Speaking: Work in groups. Choose one of the situations to create a short play a

40、nd act it out.1) You have put on weight. Ask your partner for some advice and suggestion.2) Talk with your friend about archaeological finds, such as artifacts, tombs or unearthed towns.Section 3.（一）language focus:1）以相关图片，设计一段英文动画短片。2）配音：在屏幕下方显示英语字幕，汉语字幕。最好设置为可选择字幕。3）点击红色标志，出现讲解。THE KING OF STONEHEN

41、GE On May 3, 2002, archaeologists in England found a grave of a man dating back to around 2300 BC. When he died, the man was about 40 years old. He was buried on his left side with his face to the north. From tests on his teeth, it is certain that he spent his youth in central Europe, perhaps German

42、y. Buried with him were the tools of a hunter or warrior.Some of the objects found in the grave give us an idea of how he was dressed when he was buried.There was a bone pin that may have been from a piece of clothing such as a leather coat. He carried a copper knife in his breast. The most amazing

43、find was two gold earrings. That would have made him a man of distinction. Only few centimeters from his head were two pots made of clay; tools and materials to make arrows, a bow and dozens of arrows for hunting and a second, smaller copper knife. Next to them lay a cushion stone, upon which the ma

44、n could work metal. Everything found in the man's grave was probably given to him for his use in the next life. It was all that a person would need to survive -clothing, tools, weapons pottery and spare materials to make new tools.The discovery is important for a variety of reasons. His grave is

45、 the richest of any found from that period. This was a time when the first metals were brought to Britain, and this man was buried with two gold earrings which are the oldest gold ever found in Britain (dated to 2, 470 BC).He was important for another reason: he was buried three miles from Stoneheng

46、e at the time when the great stones were being brought to Salisbury to build it. Archaeologists tend to believe that this man was a member of a powerful class who may well have organized the construction of Stonehenge. For these reasons, this man has been called the King of Stonehenge. Stonehenge wa

47、s begun around 3, 000 BC. In about 2, 300 BC the huge stone circle were built. The biggest stones weigh approximately 20 tons and came from a place not very far. But the smaller blue stones, still weighing four tons on average, came from west Wales. It is not yet known how these were conveyed over a

48、 distance of 380-kilometres. It is also a mystery how early man was able to construct Stonehenge without the use of modern construction machines, and lorries. It is possible that the King of Stonehenge was linked to the stones: he may have had a hand in planning the monument; or in helping transport

49、 and pull up the stones. Perhaps the most important fact about the King of Stonehenge is that his homeland was somewhere in Central Europe. He is an example of people who brought culture and new techniques from the European mainland to Britain. In terms of technical development, people were going fr

50、om the Stone Age to the Bronze Age. At first most tools were made of stone. In the Bronze Age, they could make various metals, such as copper and bronze, but no iron. Iron came later, in what was called the Iron Age.At first it was thought that it was through war and armed conflict, but it is now be

51、lieved to have happened through trade and cultural links. The King of Stonehenge came with the skills to make metal, and that would have been of high statue in the eyes of local people. Some of the artefacts in his grave came from remote places. It has been proven that the copper knives came from pl

52、aces as distant as Spain and western France. The gold jewellery came from Europe too. 巨石王在2002年5月3日，英国的考古学家发现了一个男人的墓穴，该墓穴可以追溯到公元前2300年左右。他死的时候大约40岁。他被埋葬时躺在左侧面向北方。从他的牙齿测试判断，毫无疑问, 他在中欧度过他青年时期, 也许在德国。和他一起埋葬的是猎人或战士的工具。一些在墓穴中发现的物体让我们得知他被埋葬时的穿着。有一个骨头别针可能是来自一件象一件皮外套那样的衣服。他的胸前佩带一把铜刀，最令人惊异的发现是二个金色的耳环。这些发现使得他

53、不同寻常。 距他头部几厘米处有两个陶罐，制造箭用的工具和材料,以及用来打猎的弓箭和一把铜制小刀。在它们的旁边放着一块垫东西的石头，这个人有可能在上面锻造金属。在这个人的墓穴中发现的每一件东西可能是给他下辈子使用。所有的这些都是一个人生存所必须的- 衣服，工具，武器，陶器和制造新工具的其它材料。这些发现很重要是有一些原因的。他的墓穴是那个时期发现的最富有的。这个时代金属刚被传到英国，而且和这个男人一起埋葬的二个金耳环是在英国发现的迄今最古老的黄金 。 ( 追溯到公元前2470年)他之所以重要的另外一个原因是他被葬在离巨石林三英里远，当时那些石头正被运往索尔兹伯里来建造。考古学家认为这男人来自有权

54、势的阶级，他很可能参与了巨石林的建造。因为这些原因,这个男人被称为巨石林王。 巨石林在约公元前3000年开始动工兴建。 在约公元前2300年巨石林圆周被建。 最大的重20吨的石头来自一个不很远的地方。但是较小的四吨重的胆矾巨石,来自威尔斯西部。至于这些胆矾巨石是如何辗转380公里来到此处，至今仍是个谜。 当时的人们在没有现代建筑机器的情况下如何建造巨石林也是一个谜。 很可能巨石王与这些巨石有关：他可能参与策划建立这个纪念碑或者帮助运输和竖起巨石也许最重要的有关巨石林王的事实是他的故乡在中欧。 他是那些将欧洲大陆的文化和新技术带到英国的人们中的一员。就技术发展而言，人们正从石器时代过度到青铜器时

55、代。最初大多数的工具是用石头做的。在青铜器时代，他们可以制造各种不同的金属, 像铜和青铜, 但是没有铁。后来在铁器时代才有铁。人们起先认为巨石林是战争和武装冲突的结果，但是现在人们认为和贸易文化有关。巨石王是随着金属制造技术而产生的,在当地居民眼中具有很高的地位。 他墓穴里的一些葬品来自遥远的地方。现已证明铜刀来自西班牙和法国西部，金色的珠宝也来自欧洲。 1.dating back to/from 始于，起源于，追溯到；此短语多用于一般现在时态中This castle dates from the 14th century.这座城堡建于14世纪。Our partnership dates ba

56、ck to 1960.我们从1960年就合伙了。2.bury vt. 埋葬Many men were buried underground when there was an accident at the mine.矿上发生意外事故时,许多矿工都被埋在地下。专心致志于, 埋头于(in)He buried himself in his work.他埋头工作。be buried in thought沉思3.with his face to the north 面向北方with his face to the north属于“with+名词+介词短语”结构在句中常作状语，表示伴随动作或伴随性质。根

57、据宾语和宾补之间的关系，还可以用现在分词或过去分词作宾补。The weather was even colder with the wind blowing.刮风了，天气更冷了。He usually works in his study with the door locked.他通常锁着门在书房工作。4.test on试验，检验Many people are against new drugs being tested on animals.很多人都反对用动物做新药试验。5.certain Sure/certain都有“确信，有把握”的意思，两者在句型结构中有许多相同之处，的语气稍重异同句型汉译相同