八年级下Unit7单元知识点归纳

1、Unit7 what s the highest mountain in the world?Section A一、重点词组、短语1.9,600,000 square kilometers in size 9,600,000平方公里2.1,025meters deep1,025米深3.6,671 kilometers long 6,671千米长4.8,844,43 meters high8,844,43米高5.has the biggest population人口最多6.as far as与一样远7. one of the oldest countries最古老的国家之一8. feel fr

2、ee to do sth.随意地做某事9.anything on todays Great Wall tour关于今天长城之行的任何情况10.ancient emperors古代的皇帝11.build the wall修墙12.protect China保卫中国13.as you can see如你所见14. as far as I know据我所知15.as far as I can remember/ see据我所记得 / 依我所见16. man-made objects人造物体17.Paragraph 1段落 118.the southwestern part of China中国的西南

3、部分19.thick clouds厚厚的云层20.fall very hard下得很大21.freezing weather conditions冻冰的天气条件22. part of. .的组成部分23. the highest mountain最高的山脉24. in the world在世界上25. any other mountain其他任何一座山26. of all the salt lakes在所有的咸水湖中27. run along跨越 28. take in air呼吸空气29.cover the top覆盖住顶部30.get near the top靠近顶部31.reach th

4、e top到达顶部32.risk their lives冒着他们的生命危险33. the first woman to succeed.第一个做某事的人34. in the face of difficulties面临危险35. give up doing sth.放弃做某事36. achieve one s dream = one s dream come true 实现某人的梦想37.the spirit of the climber攀登者的精神38.serious mountain climbers认真的登山者39. reach the top到达顶峰40. even though= e

5、ven if虽然 ; 尽管二重点单词1.population n.人口（ 1）问人口和叙述人口Whats the population of?It s /The population of国家 / 城市 is （ 2）人口的比较： The population of China is larger/ bigger than that of Japan.= The population of Japan is smaller than that of China.=China has the larger population than Japan.2. protect vt.保护，防护prot

6、ect sb./sth. from 保护某人 / 某物使其不受 . Wearing dark glasses can protect your eyes from the sun.戴墨镜能避免你的眼睛受到太阳光的伤害。3.be famous for因而著名指由于某个与众不同的特征而出名Hangzhou is famous for its beautiful scenery.杭州以它美丽的风景而著名。be famous as作为而著名指作为某种身份而为众人所知Sun Yang is famous as a swimmer.孙杨作为一名游泳运动员而出名。4.include v.包含；包括The p

7、rice includes both your shirt and your trousers.这个价格包含了你的衬衫和裤子。including prep.包括Many middle school students like reading Harry Potter, including me.许多中学生喜欢读 ?哈利 . 波特 ?，包括我在内。5. succeed v.成功（ 1） succeed (in) doing sth.成功做成某事He didn t succeed in passing the test.（ 2） n. successConfidence is the key to

8、 success.信心是成功的关键。(3) adj. successfulEveryone wants to be successful.每个人都想成功。6. the forces of nature 自然界的力量 译为“影响力”，是可数名词。一般来说， force 是不可数名词“力气；力量”force v. “强迫” force sb. to do sth. 强迫某人做某事 Dont force the kid to what he dislikes.nature不可数名词，“自然界；大自然”by nature生性；生来就He is strong by nature.他本性刚强。natura

9、l adj.自然的三、重点句型1. It is -adj. + (for sb. ) to do sth.It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top.当你接近山顶时，连呼吸都会困难。2. . . . is because. Oneof the main reasons is because people want to challengethemselves in the face of difficulties.其中的一个主要的原因是人们想要在面临困难时挑战自己。3. . . . show(s) that. The

10、spirit of these climbers shows us that we shouldnever give up trying to achieve our dreams.这些登山者的精神向我们证明：我们永远都不应该放弃实现自己的梦想。4. （1） How high / deep / long / wide / tall/ . . . +is+主语?（2）It s + 数量 + high / deep / long / wide / tall.Qomolangma is 8,844,43 meters high.How high is Qomolangma?珠穆朗玛峰有多高？How

11、big is the Sahara?- Its about 8,000,000 square kilometers in size.(3) 数词 - 名词 - 形容词 作定语This room is 8 meters wide.= this is an 8-meter-wide room.5. Although. Although Japan is older than Canada， it is much smaller.虽然日本比加拿大有更悠久的历史，但是日本比加拿大小多了。三语法句型原级：A = B.用“ A + 谓语 + as +原级 + as + B ” A B.用“A +谓语+ n

12、ot as(so) +原级 + as + B”比较级：最高级：A + 主语谓语 + 谓语形副比较级+ than+ the +形副最高级+ +B.比较范围（of +人物， in +地方）形容词和副词比较级和最高级一 形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则：1一般情况加-er, -esttall taller tallestgreat greater greate2以不发音 e 结尾的单音节加-r ， -stlarge larger largestnice nicer nicest词3在重读闭音节（即：辅音先双写末尾的辅big bigger biggest元音辅音）中，音字母 再加hot hott

13、er hottest-er, -est4 以“辅音字母 y”结尾的把 y 改为 ieasyeasier easiest双音节词，再加 -er, -estheavyheavier heaviest5其他双音节词（副词）和多比较级在前面加beautifulmore beautifulmost beautiful音节词，more，最高级在differentmore differentmost different前面加 mosteasily more easily most easilyfriendly more friendly; common more commonhelpfulmore help

14、ful ，more careful, more nervous, more relaxed, mornormal ， modern- more modernunhappymore unhappy, lucky-luckierunlucky more unlucky注：最高级前要加the , 不加表示“非常”， a most important meeting副词的比较级和最高级 1大多数以 ly 结尾的副词前加 more 和 most 来构成比较级和最高级。2 少数单音节副词，加 er,est 构成其比较级和最高级 。几个特殊的形容词和副词原级比较级最高级good ,wellbetterbes

15、tbad, ill, badlyworseworstmany ,muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther距离 , further程度farthest,further( 提高进一步)oldOlder 时间 , elder 顺序oldest, eldest二、形容词、副词的比较级的用法名结构可放在前例句称的修饰词一1“甲 +be+(倍数 )+as+ 形容词原级almost,Tom is as old as Kate.汤姆和凯特年龄、+as+乙”表示“甲和乙程度相同”nearly,一样大。原或“甲是乙的几倍”just,Tom is twice as old as K

16、ate.汤姆级exactly,的年龄是凯特的二倍。的2“甲 +实意动词 +( 倍数 )+as+ 副词原quite,Tom runs as fast as Mike.汤姆和迈克用级+as+乙”表示“甲和乙程度相rather,跑得一样快。 Tom runs twice as fast as法同”或“甲是乙的几倍”very,Mike. 汤姆跑得速度是迈克的二倍。3“甲 +be+not+as/so+ 形容词原级half ,This room is not as/sobig as thatone.+as+乙”甲不如乙twice,th这个房间不如那个大。4 甲+助动词 +not+ 动词原形 +as/so+

17、reeHe doesnt walk as slowly as you.他副词原级 +as+乙”甲不如乙times , a走路不像你那样慢。third,so，too名结构可放在前例句称的修饰词二1 甲+be+(倍数 )+ 形容词比较级a lot,Tomis taller than Kate. 汤姆比凯特高。、+than+ 乙”表示“甲比乙”或much ,This room is three times bigger than比“甲比乙几倍”a bit,that one.这个房间比那个大三倍。较2“甲 +实意动词 +( 倍数 )+ 副词比较even,I got up earlier than my

18、 mother this级级+than+ 乙”表示“甲比乙”或amorning. 我今天早晨起床比我妈妈还早。的“甲比乙几倍”little ,He runs three times faster than his用far,brother.他跑的速度比他弟弟快三倍。法3“甲 +be+形容词比较级 +than+anyLessonThe Yangtze River is longer than anyother+ 单数名词 (+ 介词短语 ) ”表示One isother river in China.=The Yangtze“甲比同一范围的任何一个人 / 物都”，含义是“甲最”。注意： The Y

19、angtze Riveris longerthan any river in Japan.长江比日本的任何一条河都长。4“甲 +实意动词 +副词比较级 +than+anyother+ 单数名词 (+ 介词短语) ”表示“甲比同一范围的任何一个人 / 物都”，含义是“甲最”。5“甲 +be+the+形容词比较级 +ofthetwo+ ”表示“甲是两者中较的”6“比较级 +and+比较级”表示“越来越”。7“the+ 比较级， the+ 比较级”表示“越，越”。8“特殊疑问词 +be+形容词比较级，甲 or 乙？”“特殊疑问词 +实意动词 +副词比较级，甲 or 乙？”mucheasierthan

20、Lesson Two.第一课比第二课容易得多。Tomlooksevenyounger thanbefore. 汤姆甚至比以前更年轻。Thistrainruns muchfasterthan thatone. 这辆火车比那辆跑地快。River is longer than any of the other rivers in China. 长江比中国的任何一条其他的河都长。=The Yangtze River islongerthanthe other rivers in China. 长江比中国的其他所有的河都长。 =The Yangtze River is the longest river

21、 in China.长江是中国最长的河流。Mike gets to school earlier than anyotherstudentin his class.=Mike getsto school earlierthan any of the otherstudentsin his class.注意：Mike getsto school earlier than any student in Toms class. 迈克比汤姆班上任何一个学生到校都早。 ( 迈克和汤姆不是同一个班 )Look at the two boys.My brother is the taller of the

22、two.He is getting taller and taller.The more careful you are ，the fewer mistakes you ll make. 你越认真，犯的错误越少Which is bigger ，the earth or the moon？Who draws better ，Jenny or Danny ？谁画得比较好，詹妮还是丹尼？Section B一、重点词组、短语1.10 kilos of food10公斤的食物2.weigh many times more重许多倍3.weigh much more/ less重得多得多 / 少得多4.ea

23、t much more/ less吃得多得多 / 少得多5.stand on two legs两条腿站立6.150cm tall 150厘米高7.live up to活到8.an adult panda成年熊9.a baby panda小熊10. be awake 醒着11. run over with excitement兴奋地跑过去（还有“压过去；碾过”的意思）12. walk into sb.撞到某人13. fall over摔倒 强调向前摔倒 fall down 倒下 强调滑到fall off跌落 强调从某处跌落；从某处掉下来。14. take care of照顾; 照料15.die

24、from illness死于疾病16.less bamboo更少的竹子17.live in the remaining forests居住在剩余的森林18.another 200另外 20019. every two years每两年20. cut down the forests砍伐林木21. endangered animals濒危动物22. be in danger处于危险之中23. the importance of saving these animals拯救这些动物的重要性24.make artwork about pandas and other wild animals制作关于

25、熊猫和其他野生动物的插图25.fewer and fewer pandas越来越少的熊猫26.catch whales for meat, fat and oil扑捉鲸鱼取其肉，脂肪和油27.jump high out of the water高高的从水中跃出28.stop putting rubbish into the sea停止向海里倒垃圾29.another interesting fact另外一个有趣的事实二考点单词或短语1.weigh v.有重，weight n.重量The box weighs 20kg. weigh是连系动词，=The box is 20kg in weight

26、.=The box is 20kg heavy.2. at birth在出生的时候The baby weighed three kilos at birth.give birth to sb./ sth.生孩子；产仔Mary gave birth to a healthy girl.3.research n.“调查；研究”research o 研究He is researching into the causes of H9N9.20kg 是表语那个婴儿出生时的体重为三公斤。他正在研究 H9N9的起因。4. prepare for 为准备I will prepare some foo

27、d for you.prepare to do sth.准备做某事They re busy preparing to go on vacation.prepare for sth.为某事做准备The students are busy preparing for the exam.5.awake adj.醒着的（ 1）作表语对应词 asleepThey aren t awake yet.The noise was keeping everyone awake.(2) 作定语，放在被修饰的词之后，即后置定语He was the only person awake at the moment.他是

28、那时唯一醒着的人。wake v. woke woken 醒来wake up 把弄醒please wake me up at 6:006.exciement不可数名词，激动；兴奋he ran over with excitement.excited/exciting adj.激动的；令人兴奋的he told me an exciting story./ we all excited about the good news.excite v.兴奋the news excited everyone.7.die from+外因死于事故等外因The old man died from a car acc

29、ident.die of+ 内因 . 死于疾病 . 衰老等自身的内因The man died of sadness.dead adj.死的death n.死；死亡8. remain v.(1)连系动词 指某人或某物仍保持某种状态， “仍然；依旧”，“留；呆；住；待” + n./pron./adj./介词短语 / 分词作表语。Peter became a manager, but Jack remained a worker. (接名词作表语 )Whatever achievements you have made, you should remain modest.(接形容词作表语 )无论你取

30、得多么大的成就，你都应该保持谦虚。He had to remain in hospital until he was better.(接介词短语作表语)他不得不一直住院直到身体好些。The guess came in, but she remained sitting at the desk reading.(接现在分词作表语，表示正在进行的主动动作； ) 客人们都来了，但她还坐着在写字台旁读书。 As before, he remained unmoved.( 接过去分词作表语，表示主语所处的状态或已经发生的被动动作； )他和以往一样无动于衷。（ 2）用作不及物动词，意识是“剩下；剩余；遗留

31、” 。此时不能用进行时态，也没有被动语态。After the fire, very little remained of his house.火灾过后，他家所剩无几。(3) 指某事“尚待，有待于以后被处置” ，后面常接不定式的被动形式，表示主语是不定式的承受着。Many problems remain to be solved.有好多问题尚待解决。It remains to be seen whether you are right. “剩余的”，常作前置定语；而（ 4） remaining adj.你是否正确，以后见分晓。left则只能作后置定语。大的；反义 small ，与模大。There are still some apples left.还剩余一些苹果。I bought a gift for her with the remaining money.我用剩余的钱给她买了一件礼物。9. huge adj.大的；极多的The elephant is a huge animal.大象是体型庞大的动物。huge强调尺寸、体积和数量的巨大，指体积时，比lar