高中名词性从句讲解(共4页)

1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上名词性从句专题一. 概念 ：主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句在复合句中的作用相当于名词，因此这四种从句被称为名词性从句。  主语从句名词性从句共有四种: 表语从句宾语从句 同位语从句 我们先看几个句子：是谁开始先出招没什么大不了 Who takes the first step is not a big deal.告诉我今天海是什么颜色 Tell me what color the sea is today.告诉我今夜你想要梦什么 Tell me what you want to dream of tonight终于你会发现每个爱情都危险 Final

2、ly youll find out that every love is dangerous.二.知识点1.主语从句：主语从句在整个句子中作主语。 引导主语从句的连词有that，whether，if（是否）；连接代词who，what，which；连接副词when，where，how，why等。请注意what，过去的高考中考的很多。(1)主语从句中的that不充当句子的成分，只是单纯的连接词，通常不省略。分句置于句首时，that绝对不可以省略。 That the driver could not control his war was obvious. It was obvious that t

3、he driver could not control his car. （2）（参照必修3P 92）为了避免主语显得过长，可以用it作为句子的主语，把主语从句移到句子的末尾。（英语中有一种美，叫做尾重end-weight）2.表语从句：表语从句出现在系动词后，充当表语。 The trouble is that we are short of money. Go and get your coat. Its where you left it. 引导表语从句除了上述三类词外还有because, as if/ as though等等 The reason (why/for which.) is

4、that It/This/That is because 连系动词“appear, look, seem”的两个常用句型 It seems/appears that. It looks/seems as if/as though(与事实相符用陈述语气，与事实相反用虚拟语气) 3. 宾语从句：（that可以省略）及物动词，形容词和介词后加宾语从句作其宾语。 宾语从句时态与主句相呼应，但宾语从句表示的是客观真理或普遍现象除外 The teacher told us (that) the earth moves around the sunI am afraid (that) I have made

5、 a mistake.He will have to pay for what he has done.当宾语从句后带宾补时，要用“主语+谓语+it +宾补+that+从句, that不可省略 I think it certain that she will do well in her exam. that在宾语从句常可以省略，但由and或 but连接两个或多个宾语从句时，仅可以省略第一个连词that He said (that) he had eaten nothing and that he wasnt hungry. 注意区别if引导的宾语从句和条件状语从句 I dont know i

6、f he will come. （if是否）If he comes, Ill let you know. （if 如果）4.同位语从句：（that不可省略）对前面的名词进一步说明。用在下列名词 fact, truth, news, idea, hope, belief, thought, doubt, order, suggestion, word etc.The teacher told us the fact that the earth moves around the sunThere is no doubt that he will come. There is doubt whet

7、her he will come.His suggestion that we (should) go for an outing cheered us up.Word came that Napoleon would come to inspect them. that引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别： 在同位语从句中：that不作成分，不可以省略；在定语从句中：that作成分，且作宾语时可以省略We are interested in the news that some foreigners would visit our school. 同位语We are interested in

8、the news (that/which) he told us. 定语从句when, where引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别： 在定语从句中，when, where前有分别表示时间、地点的先行词；而在同位语从句中无此对应关系 They have no idea at all where he has gone.(同位语从句) Go and get your coat. Its in the place where you left it. (定语从句) 三注意点：1. 疑问词whatever/ whoever/ however/whenever等既可以引导名词性从句，也可以引导让步状语从

9、句，而no matter+疑问词只能引导让步状语从句总体规律：whatever/whoever等词的使用范围比no matter what/who等要广 No matter what happens, he will not mind. ()       让步状语从句（用逗号隔开）= Whatever happens, he will not mind. ()       让步状语从句No matter what you say is very important. (

10、15;)Whatever you say is very important. ()         主语从句（名词性从句）I believe whatever he says.                Whatever he says, I will never believe him. 2.who与 whoever的区别  who是“谁”的意思，表

11、示具有疑问，whoever相当于anyone who“无论谁” Whoever leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. Can you tell me who that gentleman is? 6当从句缺少主语、宾语或表语时，引导词通常用what。What impressed me most was her excellent performance.What we cant get seems better than what we have. What seems beneficial to us may be unfavo

12、rable for others. 7. 注意区分it that结构引导主语从句还是强调句 主语从句it指代句中that引导的内容（通常较长），去掉It is/was, that，句子不成立强调句句型：It is/was+被强调部分+that, 去掉It is/was, that，句子仍然成立。It is natural that they should have different views. 主语从句It is known to all that the earth is round.主语从句It is only lately that he has had a family

13、himself. 强调句What was it that he wanted?   I dont know what it was that he wanted. 强调句It was in the hotel where he stayed that we discussed the serious problem 强调句8. 连词whether和 if有时可以互换，但注意下列情况总体规律：whether的使用范围比if要广 （1）后面出现or not时，用whether I want to know whether or not they will come.  

14、;(2 ) 连接词后直接加不定式，不能用if只能用whether He doesnt know whether to stay or not.  (3 )whether可以防句首，而if不能Whether he will come, I am not sure.It is uncertain if he will leave for Beijing tomorrow. ()（if可引导主语从句） If he will leave forBeijingtomorrow is uncertain. (×)Whether he will leave forBeijingtomorrow is uncertain. ()(4 ) 表语从句中只能用whetherThe doubt is