八年级下册英语语法

1、八年级下册英语语法总结八年级下册英语语法总结Unit6 Fun CyclingTopic1 We' re going on a spring field trip 一 . 重点词汇（ 一 ） 词形转换 :1. discuss（ 名词 ） discussion 2.queen（ 对应词 ） king fortable（ 名词 ） comfort 4.safely （ 形容词 ） safe （名词 ） safety（ 二 ） 词的辨析1. find out / look for / find 2. cost / pay for / spe nd on3. other /else 4. ra

2、ise /rise5. each /every 6.exciting / excited（三 ）重点词组 :1. go on a visit to 去旅行2. make the decision 做决定3. bring back 带回4. go on a field trip 去野外旅行5. decide on （upon） sth 对某事做出决定6 see the sunrise 看日出7. make a reservation 预订8. come up with 想出（主意）9. look forward to （doing） sth 期望10. pay for 支付；赔偿11. rais

3、e money 筹钱12. book a ticket 订票13. make a room for sb 为 订房间14. have a wonderful time 玩得愉快15. in the daytime 在白天16. a two-day visit 为期两天的旅行17. find out 查出18. some places of interest 名胜19. rooms with bathtub 带浴室的房间20 a hard （soft） sleeper 硬（软）卧21.my pleasure 不客气 二重点句型及重点语言点1. I have some exciting news

4、to tell you. 我有一些 激动人心的消息要告诉你们。to tell you 是动词不定式短语， 作定语。 动词不定式作定 语时常放在被修饰的名词或代词之后。如： I have nothi ng to talk about. He has a lot of work to do.2. Sounds great!= It sounds great! 听起来不错。3. We will go on a two-day visit to Mount Tai. 我 们将要去泰山玩两天。go on a visit to 去参观 /旅游 They went to a visit t o Egypt

5、last year.类似有： go on a trip / go on a picnica two-day visit 为期两天的旅行 a two-month holiday 两个月的假期an eighteen-year-old boy 一个 18 岁的男孩4It 's hard to say. 这很难说。 To say 是动词不定式作 主语， It 是形式主语。如： It 's nice to meet you.5. I ' llask the airline on the phone. 我将打电话问问 航空公司。同义句是：I ' llphone and as

6、k the airline.定最好好的郊游天把你们查到的信息带到班上来，然后我们来决6. Bring back your information to class tomorrow and we' ll decide on the best way to go on our fi bring back 带回。Please bring back your library boo ks tomorrow.decide on/upon sth 决定，选定 We' re tryin g to de cide on a school.7.It s'too far for cycl

7、ing. 骑自行车去路太远了。 同义句 是：It ' too far to cycle there.8.How long does it take to reach Mount Tai by ？ 乘去泰山要花多长时间？9How much does it cost to go there ?去那里要花 多少钱？How much does a standard room cost ? 一个标准 间的价格是多少？10.We have tickets at 120 yuan for the hard sleep我们的票价是硬卧 120 元，软卧是 180 元。前面意为o“以意为:供，一适合于”

8、。价格Ve年龄t，速度等词的前面，for 意为“供，适合于 ”。I ' ve got tickets at 80 yuan for The Sound of Music.11.I' ldike to book 20 tickets for the hard sleeper.我要预订 20 张硬卧票。20 tickets for the hard sleeper= 20 hard sleeper ti ckets预订房间e.g. We want to book some rooms for 14th. 我们book tickets 预订票 book a room for sb/s

9、th 为 想预订一些 14 号的房间。12Please pay for the tickets before 5:30 p.m. 请在 下午 5：30 之前付款。Pay for 支付 pay for sb to do sth 付钱给某人做某事e.g. Her parents paid for her to go to America. 她 的父母支付她去美国的费用 .13. I want to make 间。 make a reservation14. We have rooms缸的房间。a hotel预订with areservation. 我想预订房bathtub我们有带浴with 有或带

10、着 a house a standard room with 15.It'vesry commonand American schools. 很正常的。 raise money y ourselves. 16.It costs each student for the draw. 每一个学生花一美元便可买到 票。（1）each 作主语，谓语用单数 nds one dollar b 作定语，谓语用单数。 mail address.（3）用于复数主语后，作主语同位语，谓语用复数。 ch have their own e-mail address. 1盼7望. 收到你的来 Look forw

11、ard d to solving the problem. 三.重点语法 动词不定式 （1）动词不定式常跟这些及物动词之后， orget, need , try, learn , like, agree, cide, begin 等。可用顺口溜（要想拒绝忘记，需要努力学 习，喜欢同意帮助，希望决定开始）（2） 不定式的否定形式是在to 的前面直接加 not. My other（3） how, the meeting ation.（4）本 topic 出现的句子有： I have I want It is veryAmerican The bestam lookiwith twoa swimmi

12、ng pool single beds to raise money in Canadian 在加拿大和美国的学校里筹钱是 筹钱 We can raise the moneone dollar to buy a ticket 张抽奖的Each of the students spe a ticket. （ 2 ）用于单数名词前， ach student has theirown e-They eag forward to hearing to 盼望，期待 They arefromyou . 我looking forwarwant ,refuse, f help, hope ,dem uy a

13、computer for me.who , which ,when, where , Can you tell me what to say at to get to the stdecided not to b 不定式可以和疑问词 what 等连用。? I don ' t know howexciting news to tellsomemake a hotel reservation. common to raise money schools.way to raise money is totoyou.in Canadian andsell newspapers.I think

14、the most exciting way is to sell flowers in the evening.Kangkang helped us to book the train tickets.Topic2 How about exploring the Ming 一、重点词汇：（一）词形转换：1.explore（ 名词 ）3.north（ 形容词 ）5.sadly（ 形容词 ） crowded（二）重点词组1.make a plan2. make sure3. come along4. at the foot5. be surprised at 对6. be satisfied7.

15、out of sight 看不见8. step on one ' s toes 踩着某人的脚9. can ' t help doing sth 忍不住做某事10. spread over 分布于11.rush out 冲出去1 2.raise one ' s head 抬头13.ask sb for help 向某人求助14.thank goodness 谢天谢地二 重点句型及重点语言点1. While you were enjoying your trip, I was busy p reparing for my exams. 当你在旅行时， 我正忙于准备考 试。（

16、1）be busy doing sth,/ be busy with sth 忙于做某事Tombs ?easternexplore 2. east （ 形容词 ） northern 4. push （ 反义词 ） pull sad （ 名词 ） sadness 6. crowd （ 形容词 ）拟定计划确信，确保with 和一起来of在的脚下感到惊奇with 对 感到满意A1Z我正忙于准备考I 'm（y2s）.while 当busy preparing for my bir thday party these da时候，引导时间状语从句。当一个动作在正 在进行时，另一个动作也同时进行 a

17、s cooking , I was watching 2.Would you help me 行计划好吗？ Would you 比 will you ould you Could you come along。 While my mother w TV.plan a trip ? 请你帮我定个旅语气更加客气，委婉 , 类似还有 cwith us ?3. They surveyed the area to make sure their tomb s faced south and had mountains at the back. 他们 仔细勘测了整个区域，确保这些陵墓是坐北朝南，而且在背

18、后有群山环绕。make sure 确信，确保 Make sure all the windows ar e closed before you leave.4.It s'about two and a half hours by bike. 骑自行车 大约要 2 个半小时。Two and a half hours = two hours and a half5.It'tos the east of Yongling. 它在永陵的东面。to the +方位词 +of （表示互不接壤 ） Japan is to the ea st of China.on the +方位词 +of

19、（表示相互接壤 ）Fujian is on the so uth of Zhejang .in the + 方位词 +of 表示在某一范围内的地区 Beijing is in the north of China.6. They walked into Dingling and were surprised at the wonders. 他们走进定陵，对那里的奇观感到很惊奇。be surprisedat 对感至U很惊奇 He is surprised atdragons.be surprisedto do sth 惊奇地做某事 She was surprised to find she wa

20、s lost.7. sothey had to look for space to park their bikes 他们不得不寻找停自行车的地方space 空间 Can you make space for this old man ?8. While the crowd was pushing him in different di rections, someone stepped on his toes. 当人群从四面八方挤来时，有人踩了他的脚。in one ' s direction 朝着某人的方向 step on one ' s t oes 踩了某人的脚step o

21、n sth 踩某物 Don 't step on the flowers and grass.9. When he finally rushed out of the crowd, he noti ced his friends were both out of sight.当他最后冲出人群时，他注意至他的两个朋友都不见了。 notice sb do sth 注意某人做了某事 notice sb doing sth 注意某人正在做某事10. As soon as the three boys saw each other, the y all jumped up happily.三个男

22、孩一见面，就高兴得跳了起来。as soon as引导时间状语从句意为“一就”He left as soon as he heard the news.I ' lltell him as soon as I see him.11. He didn ' traise his head until someone called his name. 直至有人喊他的名字，他才抬起头。 not until直到才，12. T hey were so lovely that we couldn 't help playi ng with them.它们太可爱了，我们禁不住和它们一起玩。

23、can ' thelp doing sth 忍不住做某事 When I heard t he funny news, I couldn ' thelp laughing.13. I am satisfied with everything in China. 我对在 中国的一切感到满意。 be satisfied with 对感至U满意 He is satisfied withmy work.14. We even asked the guard for help. 我们甚至向 保安寻求帮助。ask sb for help 向某人求助 The lost boy asked th

24、e police for help.三.重点语法 时间状语从句1。引导词：(1) when, while , as当时候.when 后可跟短暂性动词也可跟延续性动词； while 后跟延续性动词； as 多用 于口语，强调同一时间，或一前一后。The students were talking in the classroom when t he teacher came in.= While the students were talking in the classroo m , the teacher came in. 学生在教室里谈话时，老师进 来了。Mother always sin

25、gs as she cooks dinner for us. 妈 妈总是边给我们做饭边唱歌。(2) not - until直到才，主句谓语动词常用短暂性动 词。I won ' t leave here until the rain stops.He didn 't sleep until his mother came back home.(3) after 在 之后，before 在 之前，as soon as一就I went to sleep after I finished my homework.= I f inished my homework before I we

26、nt to sleep.As soon as the bell rings , the students will go int o the classroom.2. 时态 (1)当主句为一般过去时时，从句常用过去的某种时态。While I was doing my homework , the telephone r ang.(2)当主句的时态为一般将来时， 从句用一般现在时。I will call you as soon as I get to Beijing. 本 topic 出现的句子有：1. While you were enjoying your trip, I was busy

27、pr eparing for my exams.2. He didn ' traise his head until someone called hi s name.3. While the crowd was pushing him in different dir ections, someone stepped on his toes.4. As soon as the three boys saw each other, they all jumped up happily.5. After they rode their bikes for two and a half h

28、o urs, Kangkanf , Michael and Darren arrived at the Ming Tombs.people6. As they were exploring happily, the crowd becam e larger and larger.Topic3 Bicycles are popular with（一）词形转换：2 slow （ 副词 ） slow1. death （ 动词 ） die （形容词 ）dead ly3. crossing （动词） cross 介词） across 4. success （动 词） succeed （ 形容词 succ

29、essful5 Pain （形容词 ） painful 6. lead （名词 ） leader7. final （ 副词 ） finally 8impossible（ 反义词 ） possible9 courage （动词） encourage （二）重点词组 : 1 Slow down 减速2. run into 撞到3. avoid doing sth 避免 防止做某事4. warn sb to do sth 警告 / 提醒某人做某事5. ride into 进入 跻身于6 get used to （doing） 习惯于做某事7. a sharp turn 急转弯8. be popula

30、r with 受的欢迎9. get a fine 处以罚金10. go on doing sth 继续做某事11. the way to success 成功之路12. obey the traffic rules 遵守交通规则13. break the traffic rules 违反交通规则14. be afraid of doing sth 害怕做某事15. be famous for 因闻名16. be in danger 处于危险中17. after a while 一会儿 二 重点句型及重点语言点1 I think traffic in Beijing is crazy. 我认为北

31、京的交通 很拥堵。traffic 是不可数名词2. If people obey the traffic rules , there will be fe wer accidents. 如果人们都遵守交通规则，交通事故将会 减少。If we break the traffic rules, it will be dangerous a nd we will get a fine. 如果人们违反交通规则，将很危险， 我们会受到处罚的。这是 if 引导条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般 现在时。3I feel a little more confident. 我感到自信多了。 more c

32、onfident 是比较级4. It can help us save energy and avoid pollution. 这样可以节约能源以及避免空气污染。 avoid sth / doin g sth 避免做某事You should avoid making the mistake like that. He ran into the wall to avoid hitting the truck.5. Bicycles are popular with people. 自行车深受人们欢 迎。Be popular with 受 欢迎6 It warns us to be more ca

33、reful. Warn sb (not)todo sth 警告/提醒某人做某事提醒某人某事He warned her to keep silence. Warn sb about sthny other vehicle. 大部分人认为自行车比其他交通工具要安全些7.Most people think bicycles are much safer than a而，他的成功之路并非一帆风顺。The way to successsuccess in doingsth8.However, his way to success didn ' tgo well. 然 在成功I didn '

34、;t have much success in finding a job. 我找工 作没什么结果。9Like the other challenges in his life, Lance faced it head-on. 像面对生命中其他挑战一样， 兰斯迎头面对。10It seems impossible to beat him. 打败他似乎是不 可能的。beat sb 打败某人 win a game /match/ a gold medalIt seems +adj+to do sth 做某事似乎三.重点语法 条件状语从句主句 if 从句She always seems to be s

35、ad.Will (must, should, may) 一般现在时 女口： I won' t go if he doesn' t go .We will pass the exam if we study hard.We won ' t pass the exam unless we study hard.2. 祈使句 +and/or 引导的结果句，祈使句在意义上相当于 条件状语从句。如： Hurry up, or you'll be late.= If you don't hur ry up, you ' ll be late.=You'

36、;blel late unless you hurry up.Study hard, and you will pass the exam.= If you st udy hard, you will pass the exam.八年级下英语复习题Module 11, My hobby is (collect)old coins. I(collect)them since I was a chlid.2, What should I do (make) you(happy)?3, The sclentist ( 对 - 感兴趣 )(make )a smaller computer.4,I ha

37、ve (重要的事 ) (tell) you.5,As a student , we should ( 尽力不要 )be late school.6, This piece of music ( 听起来 ) reallybeautiful.7,I think is boring (stay) at home allday.8, We try our best (do ) things with money.9, The book (write ) by him10, He liked (play) the guitar, and I enjoyed (watch) him (play).11,

38、He spent all his time (play)games,(结果 ) he failed the exam.12, Your books ( 占用 ) too muchspace,please ( 收拾好 ).Module 21,I can often hear the little girl ( sing) in thenext room.2, I still remember (talk) with her lastsummer,but I forgot (send) her an emailthis summer.3, Uncle Wang said that he (arri

39、ve) thestation the morning of June 10th .4, He likes (play)football,but he doesn' t like (play ) this afternoon.5, He spends half an hour (practise) (speak ) English.6,I (not invite) the party yesterday.7,I don ' t know it 8,She asked 我妹妹在哭 ) 。9,Can you tell me 在哪里 )?10, (事实上)，he (_交朋友)11, (

40、_在那时) I (eat ) anything.t declde (come) to12,I can自行车 )(rain) tomorrow.为_(什么 (他住 (_ 害怕) (not feel)like 买( 那辆Module 3-41, We 'd like (thank) you (take) us the city.2,It seemed that they (speak) to me当(面)3, My sister ( 要 ) a job in a factory.4, Keep (study) , you (make ) progress.5, My mother was

41、( 准备 ) the food whileI为( - 做准备 )the exam.6,It ' s important us (learn) English well.7,If your camera 了去( ) our website.（坏8,If you want 息 ),Please _查询 ) on the computer.9, Please () the lights brfore you(leave).10, He 's flowen to Qingdao for suwwer hiliday, ?1 1 , lovely day! Let 's出_(去散

42、步 ).12, My father (出差 ) for twoweeks .He (return) in a week.13, During the entrance exam, there are() parents (wait) for their children outside the test center.14, Peter hardly had time for concerts ,?15 I ' ll go to bed as soon as I (finish )myhomework.16,越多)friends you have,（越快乐 ）you will feel

43、.17, he is busy ,Li Hua always help others.Do you have a pet? Are you i in taking care ofanimals? Girls and boys who like animals may want to study to be animal doctors.They are often c “ vets ” . Many of them work in animal h.Others may work on farms or at a z. Some studyanimal diseases and try to

44、find w to keep theanimals from getting i. They do studies in mfor animals.Vets listen to an animals' s h. Theycheck its ears, eyes, mouth and blood. They o onanimals when they need to. They may give the animals shots（ 注射 ） and tell the pets' o what food is best.1. .6. 7.8.9. 10.Only m

45、other love is true love. It gives eeverything all his life.When you are still a baby, mother takes good care of you as much as possible. In your waking hours she always holds you in her arms. When you are ill, she stops her work right now to look after you day and n and forgets about herself. When y

46、ou aregrowing up day by day, she feels very happy.When you are old e to go to school, motherstill looks after you all the t . On cold winterdays, she always tells you to p on more clothes.She always stands in the wind waiting for you back from school every day. When you hurry to leave home for schoo

47、l with little b . She always feelsworried about you at home. She u knowsabout you study and spend much money on your school things. When you do well at school , you will see the brightest s on her face. Mother cando everything for you day after day.Mother is always ready to give everything she has t

48、o her children, not to receive. What true love that is in the w ! We will r Mother Love forever!1 2 3 4 56 7 8 9 10When you go to England you may find the traffic there is different from ours. As a f （1） you (2) in the streets,(3) on theleft.the and back (4). traffic u go by bus in Always reft. You

49、have to t go to the where it on city 1. _ 5 6. _ 10must be c_ ffic dht and then he morning o or comebecause the tra You must look to the rig left before you cross a street. In t in the evening from work, the streets are very b_ is most d England, you have totake (6) the traffic m (7) on the l(8) a l

50、ook first or you willIn many English cities t f (10). You can scan see thewhen people go t(5) then.When yo care, too.(9) way.are big buses with two the very well. 2second one. Fromthere you七年级英语第四单元I.根据句意和首字母，完成单词。1. That is a p of my family.books on the desk.He can see s2. I c see my CDs on it.door

51、.Mike is b the- under the bed.A. ItB. IsC. It ' sD. Its2. -Who is Tina?- girl next to the table.A. AB. The3. -Where is your backpack? -It ' s u the bed.II.单项选择，1. - Where ' s my soccer ball?C. An D. /3. - behind ? My alarm clock.A. What ' s, the chairB. Where ' s, the chairC. Wha

52、t are, the chairD. Where are, a chair4. Where are _ pens? Are _ in the drawer?A. my; they B. /; they C. your; you D. his; them 5. They are my friends. I love _very much.A. them B. they C. the them D. he and sheIII. 连词成句1. is, your, where, game, computer ?2. they, under, the, are, bed ?3. these, to,

53、take, sister, your, please, things4. the, is, the, baseball, under, chair5. bring, can, here, you, some, things?IV. 选择正确的人称代词和物主代词并用其适当形式填空1 love English friends. (my, I)2. is an English student. name is David.(he, his)3. That girl is Anna ' s young sister. loves very much. (she, her)4. Mr Zhang

54、, math teacher, love him.(we, our)5. -What are those?- are books. (their, they)V. 单句改错，找出每句中的一处错误并改正1. Where is your computer games?2. There are a book and two pens on the desk.3. I am need my ID card and my notebook.4. These are her pencils cases.5. This is a picture on my family.VI. 从右栏中选出左栏各句的答语A. Yes, she is.B. It ' s her pencilC. No, Tom is myD. 605-7068.E. My name is变为一般疑问句 ）变为否定句）1. Are you Tom?2. What ' s your name?case.3. What ' s that on the chair? brother.4. Is she your aunt?5. What ' s your phone number?Ron.VII. 句型转换1. His baseball is under t