电路原理中英文对照表(GSH)

1、一阶电路first-order circuit三要素法three-element method for analyzing first-order circuitss平面s-plane二端元件two-terminal element二端网络two-terminal network无源网络passive-terminal network有源网络active-terminal networkT形网络T-network形网络inverted L-network, -network入射波incidence wave三相three-phase三相电路three-phase circuit三相制three

2、-phase system三相四线制three-phase four-wire system三角形连接delta-connection, -connection三角形网络delta-network三端网络three-terminal network端口port形网络- network已调信号modulated signal支路branch支路电流法branch current method支路阻抗矩阵branch impedance matrix支路导纳矩阵branch admittance matrix分压器voltage divider分压比voltage division ratio分贝

3、decibel(dB)分离图separated graph开路open-circuit开路阻抗open-circuit impedance开路阻抗矩阵open-circuit impedance matrix反接inversed connection, connection in opposition反射阻抗reflected impedance反相opposite in phase反向串联inverted series connection反向传输矩阵inverted transmission matrix互感mutual inductance 互感应现象mutual induction p

4、henomenon互感耦合mutual-inductance coupling互感耦合电路mutual-inductance coupled circuit互易性reciprocity互易定理reciprocity theorem互易网络reciprocity network中线(零线)neutral wire中性点(中点)neutral point无功功率reactive power无功功率守恒定理theorem of conservation of reactive power无功伏安reactive Volt-Ampere无功分量reactive component无功因数reactiv

5、e factor双口网络two-port network, two-port对称双口网络symmetrical two-port network不对称双口网络unsymmetrical two-port networkX形双口网络lattice network复合双口网络composite two-port networkT形桥式双口网络bridge-T two-port network双T网络double-T network双T选频网络double-T frequency selection network匹配matching方阵square matrix韦伯(韦)Weber(Wb)乏var

6、辅助分析computer-aided analysis瓦特(瓦)watt(W)分布电感distributed inductance内部法internal approach分段线性化法piece-wise linear approximation分布参数电路distributed circuit反射系数reflection coefficient反射波reflected wave匹配match无损耗线lossless line无损耗线的输入阻抗input impedance of lossless line无畸变distortionless无畸变条件distortionless conditio

7、n无畸变线distortionless line电路circuit电源source理想电源ideal source实际电源physical source电位potential电位差potential difference电位升potential rise电位降potential drop电位参考点potential reference point电压voltage电压圆图voltage circle diagram电压源voltage source电压控制电压源voltage-controlled voltage source电压控制电流源voltage-controlled current

8、source电压反馈系数voltage feed-back factor线电压line voltage相电压phase voltage电流current电流源current source电流控制电压源current-controlled voltage source电流控制电流源current-controlled current source电流放大系数current amplification factor线电流line current相电流phase current电动势electromotive force(e.m.f.),electromotance电激流excitation cur

9、rent电阻resistance内电阻internal resistance自电阻self-resistance共电阻(互电阻)mutual resistance电导conductance内电导internal conductance自电导self-conductance共电导(互电导)mutual conductance电感inductance电容capacitance电抗reactance电纳susceptance电信号electric signal电场能量electric field energy电场强度electric field intensity电磁场electromagnetic

10、 field电力网power network电报方程telegraphic equation正弦波sinusoidal wave正弦信号sinusoidal signal正弦函数sinusoidal function正弦响应sinusoidal response正弦交流电路sinusoidal response alternating current circuit正序positive sequence正相序positive phase sequence正负号函数signup矢量vector节点node节点方程node equation节点电流方程node current equation节点

11、电压法node voltage method节点关联矩阵node incidence matrix节点电导矩阵node conductance matrix广义节点Super-node对称三相电路symmetrical three-phase circuit对称均匀链形网络symmetrical uniform chain network对偶原理principle of duality对偶网络dual network对偶元件dual element对应端corresponding terminal对象阻抗image impedance对象参数image parameter对象传输常数image

12、 propagation constant平面网络planar network非平面网络non-planar network功率power功率因数power factor功率因数角power factor angle功率三角形power triangle功率守恒定理theorem of conservation of power平均功率average power有功功率active power无功功率reactive power视在功率apparent power右手螺旋定则right-handed screw rule外网孔outer mesh失谐状态detuned condition小失谐

13、状态slightly detuned condition四端网络four-terminal network, quadripole主元pivot element, pivot平衡工作点balanced operating point龙格-库塔法Runge-Kutta method四阶R-K法forth-order R-K method四分之一波长线quarter-wave line史密斯阻抗图Smith Chart网络network网络分析network analysis网络分析法method of network analysis网络方程法network-equation method网络变

14、换法network-transformation method网络拓扑network topology网络模型network-model有源网络active network无源网络passive network线性网络linear network非线性网络nonlinear network网孔mesh网孔电流法mesh-current method网孔矩阵mesh matrix网孔阻抗矩阵mesh-impedance matrix网孔对支路关联矩阵mesh-to-branch incidence matrix自感(自感系数)self-inductance并联parallel connectio

15、n并联谐振parallel resonance有效值effective value有源二端网络的等效电源定理equivalent source theorem of active two-terminal network有源二端网络的等效电压源定理(戴维南定理)equivalent voltage source theorem of active two-terminal network (Thevenin's theorem)有源二端网络的等效电流源定理(诺顿定理)equivalent current source theorem of active two-terminal net

16、work (Norton's theorem)同名端dotted terminal同相in phase回路loop回路电阻矩阵loop-resistance matrix回路电流法loop-current method回转器gyrator导纳admittance导纳角admittance angle导纳圆图admittance circle diagram自导纳self-admittance共导纳(互导纳)mutual admittance共轭匹配conjugate matching共轭旋转相量conjugate rotating phasor负载load负序negative sequ

17、ence负相序negative-phase sequence全磁通total magnetic flux全波整流full-wave rectification全通图completely-connected graph次级线圈secondary coil行row行阵row matrix行子阵row submatrix行矢量row vector列column列阵column matrix列子阵column submatrix列矢量column vector关联incidence关联矩阵incidence matrix正向关联positive incidence负向关联negative incide

18、nce似功率quasi-power似功率守恒定理theorem of conservation of quasi-power传递函数transfer function传播常数propagation constant传输矩阵transmission matrix传输效率transmission efficiency米勒定理Miller's theorem伏特(伏)Volt(V)伏秒Volt-second伏安特性volt-ampere characteristic安培(安)Ampere(A)西门子(西)Siemens(S)过渡过程transient state过电压over voltage

19、过电流over current自由分量free component自激振荡self-sustained oscillation自然功率natural power自然频率natural frequency网络的自然频率natural frequency of a network网络变量的自然频率natural frequency of network variables零输入响应的自然频率natural frequency of zero-input response阶跃响应step response冲量响应impulse response冲量响应矩阵impulse response matri

20、x动态电阻dynamic resistance网孔运算阻抗矩阵mesh operational impedance matrix网络函数network function网络函数的极零点分布图pole-zero diagram of network function行波travelling wave正向行波direct wave反向行波returning wave行波功率travelling wave power行波系数travelling wave ratio串联series connection串联谐振series resonance连支link连通图connected graph连续频谱c

21、ontinuous spectrum不连续频谱discrete spectrum初相initial phase初相角initial phase angle初级线圈primary coil角频率angular frequency级联cascade connection均方根值root-mean-square value均匀频谱uniform spectrum均匀链形电路uniform chain circuit时变电流time-varying current位移电流displacement current运算放大器operational amplifier两瓦特表法two-wattmeter m

22、ethod亨利(亨)Henry(H)时域分析time-domain analysis时域位移定理real shifting(translation)theorem时间常数time constant初始条件initial condition初始状态initial state初值定理initial value theorem张弛振荡relaxtion oscillation阻尼系数damping coefficient均匀传输线uniform transmission line均匀传输线的原始参数primary parameters of uniform transmission line均匀传输

23、线的微分方程differential equations of uniform transmission line均匀传输线的传播常数propagation constant of uniform transmission line均匀传输线的特性阻抗characteristic impedance of uniform transmission line均匀传输线的衰减常数attenuation constant of uniform transmission line均匀传输线相移常数phase constant of uniform transmission line均匀传输线输入阻抗i

24、nput impedance of uniform transmission line均匀传输线的集中参数等效电路lumped equivalent circuit of uniform transmission line折射波reflected wave状态state状态变量state variable状态矢量state vector状态变量法state variable approach状态方程state equation状态空间state space状态空间法state space approach状态轨迹state trajectory状态转换矩阵state transition ma

25、trix状态变量计算机辅助分析的叠加法superposition method for computer aided analysis of state variables状态变量计算机辅助分析的拓扑法topological method for computer aided analysis of state variables极限环limit cycle极点pole步长step length延时线time-delay line线性linearity线性电阻linear resistance线性电感linear inductance线性电容linear capacitance线性网络定理li

26、near network theorem线状频谱line spectrum周期period周期信号period signal 非周期信号non-periodic signal 非线性元件nonperiodic element 非正弦周期电流电路non-sinusoidal periodic current circuit单位阵unit matrix单位阶跃函数unit step function单位阶跃电压unit step voltage单位冲量函数unit impluse function单位冲量电流unit impluse current单脉冲信号single pulse signal单

27、口网络one-port network, one-port拓扑图topological graph, graph有向拓扑图oriented graph拓扑结构topology, topological construction转移transfer转移阻抗transfer impedance转移导纳transfer admittance转移电压比transfer voltage ratio转移电流比transfer current ratio转移函数transfer function转置阵transposed matrix转移函数transfer function 转移函数矩阵transfer

28、function matrix空载状态no-load condition空心变压器air-core transformer参考方向reference direction参考相量reference phasor参考节点reference node受控源controlled source受控源关联矩阵图controlled source incidence matrix graph子图Sub-graph奇谐波函数odd harmonic function变比transformation ratio环流circulating current直流direct current直流网络direct cur

29、rent network直流分量direct current component阻抗impedance阻抗角impedance angle阻抗逆变器impedance inverter阻抗频率特性impedance-frequency characteristic自阻抗self-impedance 共阻抗mutual impedance内阻抗internal impedance输入阻抗input impedance欧姆(欧)Ohm's欧姆定律Ohm's law广义欧姆定律generalized Ohm's law 欧拉法Euler's method法拉(法)Fa

30、rad(F)微法micro-Farad(F)皮法pico-Farad(F)法拉第电磁感应定律Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction奈培neper(Np)经典法classical method非零状态响应non-zero-state response非强制网络unforced network非线性电路nonlinear circuit非线性电阻nonlinear resistance电流控非线性电阻current-controlled nonlinear resistance电压控非线性电阻voltage-controlled nonline

31、ar resistance范式normal form范式状态方程normal form state equations放电过程discharge过阻尼放电过程Over-damped discharge欠阻尼放电过程Under-damped discharge非振荡放电过程non-oscillatory discharge振荡放电过程oscillatory discharge临界阻尼放电过程critically damped discharge拉普拉斯Laplace拉普拉斯正变换Laplace transformation拉普拉斯反变换inverse Laplace transformation

32、拉普拉斯积分Laplace integral拉普拉斯象函数Laplace transform 线性组合定理linear combination theorem终值定理final value theorem波长wavelength波阻抗wave impedance波腹loop波节node驻波standing wave驻波系数standing wave ratio规则信号regular signal卷积convolution Integral卷积定理convolution Integral theorem响应response响应信号response signal相位(相)phase相位角phase

33、 angle相位差phase difference相位频率特性phase-frequency characteristic相矢量phasor相矢量分析法phasor analysis相序phasor sequence信号signal信号源signal source总电导total conductance树tree树支tree branch树余cotree星形(Y)连接star-connection, Y-connection星形网络star-connection network复数complex number复数平面complex plane复数阻抗complex impedance复数导纳c

34、omplex admittance复数功率complex power复数导纳矩阵complex admittance matrix顺接connection in aiding顺序positive sequence独立电源independent source品质因数quality factor逆序negative sequence选择性selectivity选频特性frequency-selection characteristic恒定分量constant component脉冲pulse脉冲幅度pulse amplitude脉冲高度pulse altitude脉冲宽度pulse width脉冲

35、持续时间pulse duration脉冲重复周期repeating period of pulse指数衰减因子exponential attenuation factor指数矩阵exponential matrix临界电阻critical resistance临界值critical value复频率complex frequency复频率平面complex frequency plane复频谱函数complex frequency spectrum function复频域complex frequency domain复频域位移定理complex shifting(translation)th

36、eorem复频域等效电路complex shifting equivalent circuit复频域中广义欧姆定律generalized ohm's law in the complex frequency domain复频域传播常数complex frequency domain propagation constant复频域特性阻抗complex frequency domain characteristic impedance复频域反射系数complex frequency domain reflection coefficient电容的复频域阻抗complex frequenc

37、y domain impedance of capacitor电感的复频域阻抗complex frequency domain impedance of inductorRLC串联电路的复频域阻抗complex frequency domain impedance of RLC series circuit相移速度phase velocity柏德生法则Peterson's Rule容抗capacitive reactance容纳capacitive susceptance振幅amplitude振幅频谱amplitude spectrum振幅旋转相量amplitude rotating

38、phasor效率efficiency矩阵matrix矩阵分析法matrix analysis特性characteristic特性方程characteristic equation特性阻抗characteristic impedance特性参数characteristic parameter特性损耗characteristic loss特性相移characteristic phase displacement特勒根定理Tellegen's theorem离散性discreteness离散频谱discrete spectrum高次谐波higher harmonic高斯消去法Gauss el

39、imination method高斯主元消去法Gauss elimination with pivotingT形阻抗网络bridge-T impedance network浮地电感floating inductance积分电路integrating circuit积分定理integration theorem衰减attenuation衰减系数attenuation constant振荡oscillation阻尼振荡damped oscillation衰减振荡attenuated oscillation减幅振荡attenuated oscillation等幅振荡unattenuated osci

40、llation无阻尼振荡undamped oscillation自由振荡free oscillation高阶电路higher order circuits特征方程characteristic equation特征根(值)characteristic root, eigenvalue特征多项式characteristic polynomial特征方程复频域形式complex frequency domain characteristic equation部分分式展开法partial-fraction expansion留数计算法evaluation by the residue method逐步

41、近似法step-by-step approximation预解矩阵resolvent matrix载波carrier调制信号modulating signal被调制信号modulated signal换路switching基本回路fundamental loop基本回路矩阵fundamental loop matrix基本割集fundamental cut set基本割集矩阵fundamental cut set matrix基本子阵fundamental submatrix基波fundamental harmonic基尔霍夫Kirchhoff基尔霍夫方程Kirchhoff's equ

42、ation基尔霍夫定律Kirchhoff's law基尔霍夫电流定律Kirchhoff's current law基尔霍夫电压定律Kirchhoff's voltage law基尔霍夫电流定律的复频域形式Kirchhoff's current law in the complex frequency domain基尔霍夫电压定律的复频域形式Kirchhoff's voltage law in the complex frequency domain偶谐波函数even harmonic function理想元件ideal element理想激励源ideal

43、 excitation source理想电压源ideal voltage source理想电流源ideal current source理想受控源ideal controlled source理想变量器ideal transformer理想变压器ideal transformer旋转相矢量rotating phasor混合参数矩阵hybrid parameter matrix累接阻抗iterative impedance接地点ground point谐振resonance谐振状态resonance state谐振电路resonant circuit谐振阻抗resonant impedance谐

44、振频率resonant frequency谐波harmonic谐波分量harmonic component离散化discretization常态树proper tree随机性信号random signal集中参数lumped parameter集中参数元件lumped element集中参数电路lumped circuit等效网络equivalent network等效阻抗equivalent impedance等效导纳equivalent admittance短路short-circuit短路导纳short-circuit admittance短路导纳矩阵short-circuit admi

45、ttance matrix超前lead滞后lag惠斯登电桥Wheatstone bridge割集cut set割集电导矩阵cut set conductance matrix策动点driving point策动点阻抗driving point impedance策动点导纳driving point admittance策动点函数driving point function替代定理substitution theorem链形网络chain network晶体管电路transistor circuit插入功率比insertion power ratio插入衰减insertion loss傅里叶Fo

46、urier傅里叶级数Fourier's series傅里叶积分Fourier's integral傅里叶积分变换Fourier's integral transform傅里叶系数Fourier coefficient傅里叶正变换positive Fourier transform傅里叶反变换inverse Fourier transform暂态transient state暂态分量transient component强制分量forced component确定性信号regular signal输入input输入电路input circuit输入功率input powe

47、r输入端口input port输出output输出电路output circuit输出阻抗output impedance输出端口output port感抗inductive reactance感纳inductive susceptance零电位点zero potential point零子阵zero submatrix数值解法numerical analysis数值积分法numerical integration愣次定律Lenz's law幅角argument频率frequency频率特性frequency characteristic频谱frequency spectrum频谱函数

48、frequency spectrum function频带frequency band频带宽度band width通频带pass-band频域frequency domain频域响应frequency domain response简谐分量simple harmonic component微分电路differentiating circuit微分定理differentiation theorem零状态zero state零状态响应zero state response零状态分量zero state component零输入响应zero-input response零输入分量zero-input

49、 component输出方程output equation输入-输出法input-output approach数值解法numerical solution群速group velocity群时延group time-delay畸变distortion叠加定理superposition theorem磁通magnetic flux磁通链magnetic flux linkage磁耦合magnetic coupling磁场能量magnetic field energy端电压terminal voltage端线terminal wire端口port terminal 模modulus缩减矩阵redu

50、ced matrix谱线spectrum line稳态steady state稳态响应steady state response赫兹Hertz(Hz)稳态分量steady state component稳定性stability静态电阻static resistance端部法terminal approach截断误差truncation error耦合系数coupling coefficient增广矩阵augmented matrix增广节点导纳矩阵augmented node admittance matrix额定电压rated voltage额定电流rated current额定功率rate

51、d power激励excitation激励信号excitation signal激励源excitation source激励函数excitation function瞬时值instantaneous value瞬时电压instantaneous voltage瞬时电流instantaneous current瞬时功率instantaneous power电压串联电阻A voltage in series with a resister电源变换Source transformation电流并联电阻A current source in parallel with a resister双边的Bilateral叠加Superposition麻烦的Cumbersome同时发生的Simultaneous术语Terminology二维的Planar安培表A