电力专业应用英语

1、华阳电业有限公司漳州后石电厂General Introduction to a Power Plant电厂概况介绍I hope to see a power plant. 我想参观一家电厂。May I have a talk with the chief engineer? 我可以同总工谈谈吗？How many generating units are there in this power plant? 这个电厂里有几台机组？Whats the installed capacity of this power plant? 这个电厂的装机容量是多少？How many employees do

2、 you have? 有多少职工？How many working days are there in a week? 每周工作几天？How many skilled engineers and technical personnel work here? 这里有多少技术熟练的工程师和技术人员？Shall we have a look at the boiler? 让我们看看锅炉好吗？This control room is highly computerized. 这个控制室已高度电脑化了How many operators are assigned here? 这儿有几个运行人员值班？Co

3、uld you give us some introduction materials of your plant? 您能给我们一些有关您电厂的说明材料吗？First, let me show you around the main power building of this power plant. Then well take a look at the ash yard over there. 首先我带大家看看这个电厂的主厂房，然后我们去看看那边的灰场。 turbine building 汽机房indoor coal storage yard 干燥棚water intake 取水口co

4、oling tower 冷却塔boiler house 锅炉房waterside pump house岸边水泵房coal yard 煤场central pump house中央水泵房deaerator room 除氧间The next important place we are going to visit is the main control building.我们要参观的下一个重点是主控制楼。central control building/room 中央控制楼（集控楼）/室unit control building/room 单元控制楼/室network control buildi

5、ng/room 网络控制楼/室Look from here, the top floor of the boiler steel structure.You can see other facilities of the power plant. Here is the pump house and there is the water treatment plant. 看，从锅炉钢结构顶层这儿，你可看到电厂的其他设施，这边是水泵房，那边是水处理厂。indoor substation 室内变电所wagon tipper翻车机outdoor switching station室外变电所coal

6、conveyor control room输煤机控制室storehouse仓库hydrogen generation station制氢站indoor coal yard室内煤场fuel oil tank燃油罐stacker-reclaimer堆取料机service building办公楼The circulating water system of this power plant is a closed-cycle type of cooling system which consists of cooling tower, basin, pump house and supply/ret

7、urn pipelines.该电厂循环水系统是闭式循环冷却系统，有冷却塔、水池、泵房以及供水/回水管路组成。We appreciate very much the introduction made by Mr.Jack the Director of the plant.我们非常感谢电厂厂长杰克先生的介绍。Our delegation is very much impressed by the first-class management in your power plant.你们电厂一流的管理水平给我们代表团留下了深刻印象。This is the layout of our power

8、station. There are six 660MW units here.这是我们厂的平面布置图。本厂有六台660MW机组boiler house layout锅炉房布置图gas-fired boiler燃气锅炉piping layout 管路布置图steam turbine汽轮机wiring layout线路图gas turbine燃气轮机fossil-fired boiler燃煤锅炉condensing steam turbine凝汽式汽轮机oil-fired boiler燃油锅炉back pressure turbine背压式汽轮机Impulse turbine冲动式汽轮机Gene

9、rator set发电机组Reaction turbine反动式汽轮机Main transformer主变压器To the north lay the cooling towers. Nearby is 400kV substation.北边是冷却塔，旁边是400KV变电站。main chimney主烟囱ash pit灰坑sewage treatment plant污水处理厂fire station 消防站compressor house空气压缩机房administration block行政大楼hydrogen generation an storage station制氢站cooling

10、water pump house 冷却水泵房control block 控制大楼What tank is it? Is that the boiler fuel oil tank? 那是什么罐？是锅炉燃油罐吗？blowdown disposal tank排污处理罐clean water pond清水池buffer storage tank缓冲水箱flash tank 扩容器sedimentation tank沉淀水箱lubrication oil tank润滑油箱This plant is located in the southeast of Hubei Province. It is on

11、e of the largest power plant in the province.这个厂位于湖北省东南，是这个省最大的电厂。It is a fossil-fired plant with four units. Its maximum output is 1,000MW.这是个有四台机组的燃煤电厂，其最大输出功率为1，000MW。How much coal is to be burnt by the boilers with all the four units in operation?四台机组运行，锅炉要烧多少煤？About 400 tons of coal an hour or

12、the equivalent of one train loads a day.约每小时400t煤或相当于一天一列车煤。We place great emphasis on the generation safety.我们极为重视安全发电。equipment reliability设备可靠性environmental protection环境保护operation stability运行稳定性We are trying to operate and maintain our plant with the highest world standards of reliability.我们正在努力

13、按世界最高的可靠性标准来运行和管理电厂。They are about to introduce natural gas as a new kind of fuel for power generation .他们即将采用天然气作为发电新燃料。We are making preparations for building another nuclear power plant by the end of the century.我们正在做在本世纪末前建设另一座核电厂的前期准备工作。Have you finished the feasibility study report on utilizin

14、g solar energy for power generation?你已完成了利用太阳能发电的可靠性研究报告吗？Wind energy风能Geothermal energy地热能Tidal energy潮汐能Wave energy波浪能This power plant has got extensive experience in operating 300MW units.这座电厂在300MW 机组的运行方面积累了丰富经验。Because of our improvement in thermal and operational efficiencies, our operating c

15、osts have been greatly reduced and our revenue and profitability have been increased.由于我们提高了热效率和运行效率，所以大大降低了我们的运行费用，增加了收入和利润。In 1995, our plant attained thermal efficiencies of 38.6 and availability of 95.2 .1995年我们电厂的热效率达到38.6，可用率达到95.2。Though has run for over 50 years, its management level is impr

16、essive.虽然这个燃煤电厂已经运行了50多年了，它的管理水平令人印象深刻。It is one of the largest fossil fired power plants in the world, with four 350MW and four 677MW generating units. 它是世界上最大燃煤发电厂，共有4台350MW 和4台677MW 燃煤发电机组。There are another six gas turbines with a total capacity of 352MW used for peak load and emergency supply.另有

17、6台总容量为352MW的燃气轮机，供尖峰负荷和紧急供电之用。The coal-fired generating units have achieved an overall availability of 94.44 this year ,and the forced outage rate has remained extremely low at 1.07.This corresponds to the highest world standards and shows up the high quality of the power plant and its operation.在本年

18、内燃煤发电机组的整体可用率达94.4，强迫停机率极低，仅1.01，这与世界最高的标准相吻合，显示出机组具有很高的运行水平。In view of the high fuel costs, higher environmental standards and lower efficiency levels, the power plant was decommissioned in September 1995.由于燃料成本高昂，环保要求日趋严格，加上机组效率不断降低，这个电厂已于1995年9月停产。The gas turbines provided essential support to th

19、e power grid during this early summer, when the nuclear units were still unavailable and the Guangdong grid requested additional input.今年初夏，当核电机组仍然停机，广东电网要求额外供电时，燃气轮机机组向电网提供了重要的支持。Drawings图纸Will you show me the drawings of cooling water system?您能给我看看冷却水系统的图纸吗？feedwater and saturated steam system给水及饱

20、和蒸汽系统primary distribution system一次配电系统superheated steam system过热蒸汽系统power supply system供电系统water treatment system水处理系统coal handling system输煤系统gas-circulation system烟气循环系统By what time can you finish installing this system? 你们什么时候能安装完这个系统？Will you give me the quotation for installing the compressed ai

21、r system as soon as possible?你能把安装压缩空气系统的报价单给我吗？The quotation you offered is too high .Can you lower it a little bit?您所报的价格太高，您能降一点吗？The drawings you gave me are not complete. 您给我的图纸不全。Ill change a clear one for you .我给你换一张清楚的。There is something wrong with this drawing. 这张图纸上有问题。I found it too. It h

22、as been corrected. 我也发现了，已经改正了。This pipe was fitted higher. It exceeds the elevation specified in the drawing. 图纸中规定的高度。The elevation deviation is in the range of plus 5 mm to minus 5 mm. 标高偏差范围是+5 mm.It accords with the demands of the drawing specifications .标高符合图纸规定的要求。Lets have a look at the over

23、 all plot plant of the site.让我们看一看厂址总体规划图。plant general layout 厂内总平面布置图 longitudinal layout of the main power building 主厂房纵向布置图You have delayed the submittal of the drawings for two months. It has seriously postphoned the construction schedule. 规方已迟了两个月交付图纸，这已严重地延迟了工期。Boiler and Auxiliaries 锅炉及其附属设备

24、Drum is an important part of the boiler proper. 汽包是锅炉本体的重要部分。furnace 炉膛attemperator减温器water wall水冷壁economizer省煤器burner 燃烧器air preheater空气预热器superheater过热器electrostatic precipitator静电除尘器reheater再热器Look here, please. These are risers; those are downcomers.请看，这是上升管，那是下降管。mixing header 混合联箱flame monitor

25、火焰监视器distribution header分配联箱boiler water level gauge锅炉水位计support tube支撑管pressure parts压力部件connecting tube连接管air & gas system空气及气体系统ignition oil torch点火油枪boiler auxiliary equipment锅炉辅助设备Auxiliary system & miscellaneous附属系统及其他Refractory, insulation & lagging耐火及保温覆盖物质Please adjust attempera

26、tor and flue gas damper to increase steam temperature up as soon as possible.请尽快调节减温器和烟气挡板把蒸汽温度升高。flue gas recirculation 烟气再循环 induced draft fan (IDF) 引风机forced draft fan (FDF) 送风机 gas-to-gas heat exchanger 气-气热交换器They are checking the quality of the safety valve.他们正在检查这个安全阀的质量。 platforms and stairs

27、 平台和扶梯 refractory material 耐火材料thermal insulating material 保温材料 lagging 护板power control valve 动力控制阀 soot blower 吹灰器conical cyclone separator 旋风分离器 boiler water circulating pump 炉水循环泵ash hopper 灰斗 Today Ill give further explanation to the following systems one by one.今天我就下列系统将一一地做出进一步的讲解。boiler air a

28、nd flue gas system 锅炉烟风系统 pulverized coal system 制粉系统fuel oil system 燃油系统 steam and water system 汽水系统main steam and reheat steam system 主蒸汽和再热蒸汽系统 boiler feedwater system 锅炉给水系统boiler drain and vent system 锅炉疏水和放气系统 auxiliary steam system 辅助蒸汽系统steam air heater drain system 暖风器疏水系统 closed cycle cool

29、ing water system 闭式循环水系统service water system in main building 主厂房内厂用水系统station and instrument compressed air system 厂用和仪用压缩空气系统coal handling system 输煤系统 ash handling system 除灰系统fire fighting system 消防系统 chemical feed and sampling system 化学加药和取样系统I agree to put this boiler acid cleaning approach into

30、 practice. 我同意采用这种锅炉酸洗方法。boiler blow out 锅炉冲管We are going to start the boiler. But there is still something abnormal with the startup boiler.我们打算起动锅炉。但这台锅炉还有些不正常。auxiliary boiler 厂用锅炉 oil gun 油枪 steam separator 汽水分离器drum drain valve 汽包疏水阀 heavy oil pump 重油泵 coal feeder 给煤机coal pulverizer, coal mill

31、磨煤机 classifier 粗粉分离器The unit has an emergency trip. Whats the matter with it? 机组事故跳闸，出了什么问题？It is because of the overfeed of water into drum. 是因为汽包满水。tube burst 爆管 coal jamming 堵煤 pulverized coal deposits 积粉too low drum water level 汽包水位过低 high pressure in the furnace 炉膛压力高fire-off in the furnace 炉膛熄

32、火 tripping of the draft fans 风机跳闸damage of water wall tube 水冷壁管损坏 Would you please describe the water-steam circulation process to us?请你说明以下水-汽循环过程好吗？OK. Ill start from here. The feedwater coming from the machine-room enters the economizer at the bottom of the rear pass and then goes through this ex

33、changer to the drum.好吧，从这儿开始。从汽机房来的给水先进入后烟道底部的省煤器，再经过这个交换器进入汽包。The downcomers convey the water from the drum to the lower ring distribution header下降管将从汽包来的水流送入下部环形集箱。From the lower header, the water goes through the furnace waterwalls and the riser tubes up to the drum.水流从下部集箱通过炉膛水冷壁和上升管进入汽包。From th

34、e drum, the saturated steam cools the front roof of the furnace, then the side walls of the rear pass (downward), the front wall, the roof and the rear wall of the back pass. 汽包出来的饱和蒸汽依次经过前炉顶，后烟道左右侧汽冷壁，后烟道汽冷壁、前墙、炉顶和后烟井后汽冷壁。From the bottom header of the rearwall, the steam goes successively through：蒸

35、汽从后汽冷壁的底部联箱出来，顺序经过：-The LTS(Low Temperature Superheater) installed in the rear path. -安装在后部通道的低温过热器。-The ITS (Intermediate Temperature Superheater) and HTS (High Temperature Superheater) .-中温和高温过热器Two double stages of injection are provided for controlling the super heated steam temperature (one sta

36、ge before HTS). 控制过热蒸汽温度有两个两级喷水（一级在中温过热器前，一级在高温过热器前）。From the outlet of HP turbine, the steam to be reheated returns to the boiler and flows successively through:需要再加热的蒸汽从高压缸出口返回到锅炉，依次经过：the ltr 低温再热器the htr 高温再热器and then is sent to the IP turbine. 然后回送到中压缸。Is there any auxiliary boiler in this plan

37、t? 这个电厂有辅助锅炉吗？Yes, there is an auxiliary boiler to supply steam during start-up for the following services:是的，有一个辅助锅炉在锅炉起动时供应蒸汽，进行下述服务：Atomization of light oil for the main boiler, 主锅炉雾化轻油Heating and deaeration of condensate in deaeraeor tank, 对除氧水箱中的凝结水进行加热和除氧Turbine shaft sealing , 对汽轮机轴进行汽封Light

38、oil heating. 加热轻油。How to control the ranges of reheater steam temperature during fixed pressure and sliding pressure start-up?在定压起动和滑压起动时如何控制再热蒸汽温度？Turbine and Auxiliaries 汽轮机及其附属设备The following are thermal systems: 以下为热力系统：Live and reheat steam system 主蒸汽和再热蒸汽系统 Turbine by-pass system 汽机旁路系统Boiler

39、feedwater system 锅炉给水系统 Extraction steam system 抽汽系统Condensate system 冷凝系统 auxiliary steam system 辅助蒸汽系统Heater drain and vent system 加热器疏水、排气系统 What does the ECR of a turbine mean? 汽机的ECR是什么？ECR is the abbreviation of economic continuous rating. The rated output of a turbine is defined as ECR.ECR是经济

40、功率的缩写字母，汽机的额定输出功率也是它的经济功率。Is there any difference between the steam flow at MCR condition and at capability condition?最大连续功率工况下和能力工况下的蒸汽流量有不同吗？No. The steam flow at MCR condition is the same as that at the capability condition flow.不，最大连续功率工况下和能力工况下蒸汽流量相同。What will happen when the water level in HPH

41、 reaches high-high level?当高压加热器在高-位时，会发生什么情况？The shut-off valve of cold reheat steam will automatically close and the drain valve will automatically open to isolate high pressure heater when the water level in it reaches high-high level.当高压加热器在高-高水位时，冷再热蒸汽阀应自动关闭，同时疏水阀自动打开使高压加热器断汽。Would you please de

42、scribe to us how the turbine by-pass system functions?请你给我们说明一下汽机旁路系统是如何作用的，好吗？The turbine by-pass system has four functions: 汽机旁路系统有四个作用：First, it will reduce the time of cold, warm & hot start-up and protect the reheater.首先，它会减少冷态、温态、热态启动时间并保护再热器。Secondly, it will reduce the thermal stress of

43、the turbine during cold, warm and hot start-up.其次，它会减少冷态、温态、热态启动所引起的汽机热应力。Thirdly, it will regulate the relevant inlet steam pressure at the IP turbine at various loads by low pressure by-pass devices during load reducing. 再次，在降负荷工况下，它会通过低压旁路调整中压缸在不同负荷下的进汽压力 。Last, it will maintain the stable operat

44、ion of the boiler and the turbine on condition of partial load rejection.最后，在甩部分负荷工况下，它会维持锅炉汽机稳定运行。Is there any turbine driven feedwater pump? How is the steam admitted into the pump?有汽动给水泵吗？它是如何进汽的？There is a 100 MCR turbine driven pump. This BFPT (boiler feed water pump turbine) is operated with d

45、ual admission utilizing extraction steam as a primary supply and live steam for start-up and low load.有一台100 MCR 的容量的汽动给水泵，这台锅炉给水泵汽轮机有两种进汽方式，以抽气为主，起动和低负荷时使用主蒸汽。Where will the condensate water go from the condenser? The condensate water is removed from the condenser hotwell and delivered to the deaer

46、ator storage tank. 凝结水从凝汽器热井被输送到除氧器水箱去。Whats the function of the auxiliary steam? 辅助蒸汽的作用是什么？The auxiliary steam will provides steam for the following services and equipment during various plant operation modes, namely, to warm-up steam for main boiler deaerator at start-up, the sealing steam of the

47、 main turbine and BFPT ,the steam air coils, main boiler atomizing steam, oil igniting nozzle, fuel oil heating, etc.辅助蒸汽作用于一下设备供汽：除氧器起动时的加热蒸汽，主汽轮机和锅炉给水泵汽轮机轴封蒸汽，暖风器，锅炉雾化用蒸汽，锅炉油点火喷咀，燃油加热及其他用途。What are the back pressure and circulating water inlet temperature of the condenser at the MCR condition of T

48、urbine-Generater? 凝汽器在汽轮发电机MCR工况下的背压和循环水进水温度是多少？I am sorry I cant remember the figures exactly. The pressure may be around 5 KPa (a) and the CW inlet temperature not lower than 20 . I have to check it later.很抱歉这些数字我记不确切：背压大约是5KPa （绝对压力），循环水入口温度不低于20，我再去查查看。What kind of metal are the condenser tubes

49、made of? 凝结器管子是用什么金属制成的？They were made of admiralty gun metal.它们是海军炮铜制造的。What method do you use for cleaning the condenser tubes? 你们用什么方法清洗凝结器管子？We use a “sponge rubber ball on-load cleaning system”. 我们使用的是“海绵胶球带负荷清洗系统”。It uses balls to clean the inside surface of condenser tube bundles continuously

50、.它使用胶球对凝结器管束内侧表面进行连续清洗。We are interested in such a kind of on-load cleaning system. Would you explain it to us in details?我们对这样一个带负荷清洗系统有兴趣。你再讲详细一点好吗？The balls will be injected into the CW (circulating water) inlet piping by means of a special pump and distributors, recycling a small amount of balls

51、 in the CW.胶球由循环水进水管进入，有专用的水泵及分配器输送循环水带有少量的胶球反复使用。After passing the condenser, the balls will be automatically removed from the CW by means of a strainer located in the CW outlet piping, and then the balls will be diverted by a recycle pump and collector which will then reinject them into the CW inl

52、et.胶球通过凝汽器之后，自动的由在循环水出水管道的收集器上滤网收集，再经专门的泵继续输送至循环水入口工作。How much is the dynamic head of BFP? 锅炉给水泵的水力压头是多少？It shall be 110 of system losses based on 105 of MCR condition feed flow.水力压头值应在MCR 工况105给水流量下流动阻力损失的110。Where is the BFPT seal steam supply from? 给水泵汽轮机轴承密封供汽来自哪儿？It is taken from the main turbi

53、ne steam seal regulator. 来自主汽轮机轴封压力调节器。Whats the scope of cooling water supply for the open cycle system?开式循环水系统冷却水的供应范围是什么？The open cycle system supplies cooling water to main turbine oil coolers、BFPT oil coolers、water coolers for generator hydrogen coolers、seal water coolers of condenser vacuum pu

54、mp and coolers of closed cycle CW system。开式循环水系统对主汽轮机的油冷却器、给水泵汽轮机的油冷却器、发电机定子水冷却器、发电机氢冷却器、凝汽器真空泵密封水冷却器和闭式循环水冷却水系统得冷却器提供冷却水。What are the main parts of the turbine proper? 汽机本体的主要部件是什么？They are the following: turbine rotor and blades 它们为：汽机转子和叶片turbine casing 汽缸 bearing and pedestals 轴承和轴承座 main stop, reheat intercept and control valves 主汽阀，再热截止阀和控制阀turbine control system and gydraulic system 汽机