《Unit 1 When was it invented？（第3课时）语法解析》

1、语法解析【语法解析】主动语态与被动语态之间如何转换 we visited that factory last summer 主动语态主语 谓语 宾语 状语that factory was visited by us last summer 被动语态 主语 谓语 宾语 状语 各种不同时态的主动语态与被动语态的对比时态主动语态被动语态一般现在时am / is / are + p.p.（1）do they speak french ?（2）they dont use the room .is french spoken by them ?the room isnt used by them .一般过

2、去时was / were + p.p.（1）the man killed a tiger .（2）he wrote many stories last year .a tiger was killed by the man .many stories were written by him last year .现在进行时am / is / are +being +p.p.（1）these workers are building a new bridge . （2）he is mending his car .a new bridge is being built by these work

3、ers . his car is being mended by him .过去进行时was / were + being + p.p.（1）he was selling books .（2）they were discussing the plan at that time .books were being sold by him . the plan was being discussed by them at that time .现在完成时have / has + been + p. p.（1）she has learned many english words .（2）he has

4、 finished the work .many english words have been learned by her . the work has been finished by him . 过去完成时had + been + p.p.（1）they had solved the problem .（2）we had told him the news by then . the problem had been solved by them . the news had been told to him by us .一般将来时will be + p.p.am/is/are go

5、ing to be + p.p.（1）i will make a plan . （2）they are going to fix the radio in an hour .a plan will be made by me . the radio is going to be fixed by them in an hour . 过去将来时would be + p.p.was/ were going to be + p.p.（1）he told me they would paint the room . （2）they were going to put on a play the nex

6、t week . he told me the room would be painted by them . a play was going to be put on by them the next week .情态动词can / may / must / should + be + p.p.（1）we should hand in our homework .（2）you must answer the question in english .our homework should be handed in by us .the question must be answered i

7、n english by you .二、被动语态的用法1.什么情况下用被动语态？（1）当我们不知道或没有必要说出动作的发生者是谁时，通常用被动语态。这种情况下，句子中不带由by引起的短语。例如:the book is written for children. 这书是为孩子写的。（2）当动作的承受者是谈话的中心时通常用被动语态。这时可以带by短语。this pen was given to me by tom.这支笔是汤姆给我的。（3）无必要或不愿说出动作的发出者。这种情况通常是出于礼貌方面的考虑。smoking is not allowed here.这儿禁止吸烟。2.怎样变主动语态为被动语

8、态把主动语态变为被动语态，可分作三步进行:第一步:找出主动句的宾语，把它作为被动句的主语。第二步:将谓语动词的主动语态变为被动语态（助动词be+及物动词的过去分词）。变为被动语态时，时态不要变化。第三步:将原主动语态的主语（若是人称代词，须变为宾格）放在介词by后边组成by短语，放到句子的后边。如果我们没有必要说出动作的发出者，by短语则可以不要。例如:he often helps his brother. (主动语态)his brother is often helped by him.（被动语态）【被动语态中考真题大练兵】1. would you please tell miss li t

9、hat she as a volunteer for the 2020 olympic games?of course. i will tell her tomorrow. a. choose b. chose c. has chosen d. is chosen2. we not to play computer games. a. are told b. have told c. told d. tell 3. could you tell me whom the radio by?sorry. i have no idea. a. invents b. invented c. is in

10、vented d. was invented4. -your hometown has changed a lot.yes. take a look at these tall buildings. they last year. a. build b. built c. was built d. were built5. did you go to kang kangs birthday?no, i . a. wasnt invited b. didnt invite c. am not invited6. an english speech to the children tomorrow

11、. a. is given b. has been given c. will be given7. 根据汉语意思完成英语句子：丢失的部件在船拖出水后被找到了。 the lost parts after the ship was of the water.8. she used the knife to cut the fruit a moment ago.（改为被动语态）the knife to cut the fruit by her a moment ago.9. i sent a letter to you last month.（改为被动语态）a letter to you last

12、 month.10. 用括号内动词的适当形式填空：the dog （train）to understand different instructions for two years.书面表达计算机在我们的工作、生活中的作用越来越大， 你知道计算机的起源与发展吗？请就计算机的发明时间(1946年)、大小、用途等方面，谈一下它的发展变化，并描述一下你对未来计算机的畅想。写作要求：语句连贯，词数80个左右。computers are becoming more and more important in our daily life.do you know the history and the c

13、hanges of computers？_答案：16 daddac 7. were found; pulled out 8. was used 9. was sent 10. has been trained书面表达computers are becoming more and more important in our daily life.do you know the history and the changes of computers? computer was invented in 1946.at that time, the machine was huge and it w

14、as as large as a big house.it weighed about 30 tons.now it's smaller and lighter.computer is a very useful tool in our life, in our study as well as work.for example, computer can send some messages to foreign friends by e­mails.computer is the most helpful invention in the world.it has many functions.we can listen t