18个玉米杂交组合主要农艺性状与产量的多元分析

1、18个玉米杂交组合主要农艺性状与产量的多元分析p 打开文本图片集摘 要：為了探讨玉米主要农艺性状与产量之间的关系，深入研究种质资并筛选出适宜文山及相似生态区域的抗病优质高产广适玉米新品种，同时提高新品种培育的效率，本研究以自主选育的18份玉米杂交组合为试验材料，通过随机区组试验，对17个主要农艺性状进行鉴定，采用方差分析p 、相关性分析p 、通径分析p 、主成分分析p 和聚类分析p 对其进行比较和综合评价。结果表明：供试材料产量性状差异较大，18个玉米杂交组合产量在10 082.512 759.5 kg·hm-2之间，其中有11个杂交组合的产量均显著高于对照（WD004）（P<

2、0.01），WD012和WD006产量最高。参试材料的17个农艺性状的遗传多样性丰富，变异系数在3.79127.52之间;相关分析p 表明，产量与单穗粒质量（r = 0.659_）、出籽率（r = 0.525_）和穗长（r = 0.473_）均呈显著正相关;通径分析p 表明，出籽率和单穗粒质量对产量的直接正向作用分别是0.484和0.477，表明出籽率和单穗粒质量对产量的提高作用最大。主成分分析p 表明，玉米的17个主要农艺性状简化为6个综合指标，其累积贡献率为85.461，代表了17个农艺性状改良方向，根据主成分的综合得分进行聚类，在欧氏距离10处将18个玉米品种（系）分成4类，有效区分了不

3、同的品种。因此，在选育高产优质玉米品种时，按育种目标的要求选取主要性状，同时也要注意与其他性状间的关联。【关键词】：p ：玉米;杂交组合;农艺性状;多元统计分析p 中图分类号：S513 文献标识码：A DOI 编码：10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.20_.11.005Abstract： This research aimed to e_plore the relationship between main agronomic traits and yield of maize， to guide the in-depth study of germplasm resource

4、s and to screen out new varieties of maize with high quality， high yield and disease resistance which were suitable for Wenshan and similar ecological regions.Meanwhile the efficiency of breeding of new varieties was improved.In this study， 17 main agronomic traits were identified by random block te

5、st using 18 maize hybrid binations selected previously as e_perimental materials.Variance analysis， correlation analysis， path analysis， principal ponent analysis and cluster analysis were conducted for the parison and prehensive evaluation of these agronomic traits.The results showed that： yields o

6、f the 18 maize hybrids varied significantly， ranging between 10 082.5 and 12 759.5 kg·hm-2 and the yields of 11 maize hybrids were significantly higher than that of the control （WD004） （P<0.01）， among which the yield of WD012 and WD006 were the highest; the geic diversity of 17 agronomic tra

7、its was rich： the coefficient of variation was between 3.79 and 127.52; correlation analysis showed that yield was positively correlated with grain weight per panicle （r = 0.659_）， yield was also positively correlated with grains （r = 0.525_） and panicle length （r = 0.473_）; path analysis showed tha

8、t the direct positive effects of seed yield and grain weight per panicle on yield were 0.484 and 0.477， respectively， indicating that seed yield and grain weight per panicle had the greatest effect on yield improvement; principal ponent analysis showed that the 17 main agronomic traits of maize were

9、 simplified to 6 prehensive inde_es， and the cumulative contribution rate was 85.461 representing the direction of improvement of these 17 main agronomic traits.18 maize varieties were clustered into four categories at 10 Euclidean distance basing on the prehensive scores of principal ponent analysis and different varieties were effectively distinguished.Therefore， in the breeding of maize varieties with high quality and high yield， the main traits sho