哈工大机械原理大作业之凸轮结构分析

1、Harbin Institute of Technology大作业设计说明书课程名称： 设计题目： 院 系： 班 级： 设 计 者： 学 号： 指导教师： 设计时间： 哈尔滨工业大学一、题目：升程/mm升程运动角/。升程运动规律升程许用压力角/。回程运动角/。回程运动规律回程许用压力角/。远休止角/。近休止角/。6090等加等减速4080正弦加速度7045 。1452、 运动方程式与运动曲线：本实验假设凸轮逆时针旋转。（1）确定凸轮机构推杆升程、回程运动方程，并绘制推杆位移、速度、加速度线图。（设定角速度为1=2/3）升程：为等加速等减速（ 0<</2）在/4之前由公式得到在/4到

2、/2有公式可得s=60-(480/pi2)*(pi/2-)2v=（(960*w)/（pi2）*(pi/2-)a=-1840/pi2*w2回程：为正弦加速度（3/4<<43/36）由公式 s = h1 T/ + 1/2sin(2T/);v = - h/1 cos(2T/);a = -2h sin(2T/) ; T = () 得到s=60*(43/16-（9*)/（4*)+1/(2*)*sin(（9/2）*- 27*/8);v=-(135/)*1*(1-cos(9/2)*-27*/8);a = -607.5*12/*sin(9*/2-27*/8);由MATLAB编程得到位移与转角的曲线

3、：程序：w = 2*pi/3x = 0:(pi/100):(pi/4);s1 = (480/pi.2) * x.2v1=(960/(pi.2)*w.*x;a1 =97.4*w.2;t =(pi/4):(pi/100):(pi/2);s11 = 60-(480/pi.2)*(pi/2-t).2;v11 = (960*w)/(pi.2)*(pi/2-t);a11=-(1840/pi.2)*w.2;y = (pi/2):(pi/1000):(3*pi/4);s2 =60;v2=0;a2 = 0;z = (3*pi/4 ):(pi/1000):(43*pi/36);s3 = 60*(43/16 - (

4、9*z)/(4*pi) + 1/(2*pi).*sin (9/2)*z - 27* pi/8);v3 = -135/pi * w .* (1 - cos(9/2)*z - 27*pi/8);a3 = -(607.5 * w.2)/pi) .*sin(9*z/2 - 27*pi/8);c = (43*pi/36):(pi/100):( 2*pi);s4 = 0;v4 = 0;a4 = 0;plot(x,s1,'b',t,s11,'b',y,s2,'b',z,s3,'b',c,s4,'b')xlabel('转角

5、/rad')ylabel('位移/(m/s)')title('位移与转角曲线')得到速度与转角的曲线图：w = 2*pi/3x = 0:(pi/100):(pi/4);s1 = (480/pi.2) * x.2v1=(960/(pi.2)*w.*x;a1 =97.4*w.2;t =(pi/4):(pi/100):(pi/2);s11 = 60-(480/pi.2)*(pi/2-t).2;v11 = (960*w)/(pi.2)*(pi/2-t);a11=-(1840/pi.2)*w.2;y = (pi/2):(pi/1000):(3*pi/4);s2 =

6、60;v2=0;a2 = 0;z = (3*pi/4 ):(pi/1000):(43*pi/36);s3 = 60*(43/16 - (9*z)/(4*pi) + 1/(2*pi).*sin (9/2)*z - 27* pi/8);v3 = -135/pi * w .* (1 - cos(9/2)*z - 27*pi/8);a3 = -(607.5 * w.2)/pi) .*sin(9*z/2 - 27*pi/8);c = (43*pi/36):(pi/100):( 2*pi);s4 = 0;v4 = 0;a4 = 0;plot(x,v1,'b',t,v11,'b

7、9;,y,v2,'b',z,v3,'b ',c,v4,'b')xlabel('转角/rad')ylabel('速度/(m/s)')title('速度与转角曲线')加速度与转角的曲线：程序：w = 2*pi/3x = 0:(pi/100):(pi/4);s1 = (480/pi.2) * x.2v1=(960/(pi.2)*w.*x;a1 =97.4*w.2;t =(pi/4):(pi/100):(pi/2);s11 = 60-(480/pi.2)*(pi/2-t).2;v11 = (960*w)/(

8、pi.2)*(pi/2-t);a11=-(1840/pi.2)*w.2;y = (pi/2):(pi/1000):(3*pi/4);s2 =60;v2=0;a2 = 0;z = (3*pi/4 ):(pi/1000):(43*pi/36);s3 = 60*(43/16 - (9*z)/(4*pi) + 1/(2*pi).*sin (9/2)*z - 27* pi/8);v3 = -135/pi * w .* (1 - cos(9/2)*z - 27*pi/8);a3 = -(607.5 * w.2)/pi) .*sin(9*z/2 - 27*pi/8);c = (43*pi/36):(pi/1

9、00):( 2*pi);s4 = 0;v4 = 0;a4 = 0;plot(x,a1,'r',t,a11,'r',y,a2,'r',z,a3,'r ',c,a4,'r')xlabel('转角/rad')ylabel('加速度/(m/s)')title('加速度与转角曲线')三凸轮轮廓绘制1、 凸轮机构的线图及基圆半径和偏距的确定程序：x = 0:(pi/100):(pi/4);s1 = (480/pi.2) * x.2news1 = 2*(480/pi.2) * xt

10、 =(pi/4):(pi/100):(pi/2);s11 = 60-(480/pi.2)*(pi/2-t).2;new11=2*(480/pi.2)*(pi/2-t);y = (pi/2):(pi/1000):(3*pi/4);s2 = 60;news2 = 0;z = (3*pi/4 ):(pi/1000):(43*pi/36);s3 = 60*(43/16 - (9*z)/(4*pi) + 1/(2*pi).*sin (9/2)*z - 27* pi/8);news3 = 60*( - 9/(4*pi) + 9/(4*pi).*cos (9/2)*z - 27* pi/8);c = (43

11、*pi/36):(pi/100):( 2*pi);s4 = 0;news4 = 0; plot(news1,s1,'b',new11,s11,'b',news2,s2,'b',news3,s3,'b',news4,s4,'b')xlabel('ds/dp');ylabel('(位移s/mm)')title('ds/dp 与位移s曲线')grid凸轮机构的线图如下图所示：设凸轮顺时针旋转，所以右侧是推程，左侧是回程。得到取旋转轴心的区域（划线部分）取O（10，-120）

12、偏距e=10基圆半径r0=1202、 滚子半径的确定及凸轮理论廓线和实际廓线的绘制程序：s0 =120;e =10;x = 0:(pi/1000):(pi/4);s = (480/pi.2) * x.2;x1 = (s + s0).*cos(x)-e*sin(x);y1 = (s0 + s).*sin(x) +e*cos(x);t =(pi/4):(pi/1000):(pi/2);s= 60-(480/pi.2)*(pi/2-t).2;x11 = (s + s0).*cos(t)-e*sin(t);y11 = (s0 + s).*sin(t) + e*cos(t);y = (pi/2):(pi

13、/1000):(3*pi/4);s =60;x2 = (s + s0).*cos(y)-e*sin(y);y2 = (s0 + s).*sin(y) + e*cos(y);z = (3*pi/4):(pi/1000):(43*pi/36);s = 60*(43/16 - (9*z)/(4*pi) + 1/(2*pi).*sin (9/2)*z - 27* pi/8);x3 = (s + s0).*cos(z)-e*sin(z);y3 = (s0 + s).*sin(z) + e*cos(z);c = (43*pi/36):(pi/1000):( 2*pi);s = 0;x4 = (s + s0

14、).*cos(c)-e*sin(c);y4 = (s0 + s).*sin(c) + e*cos(c);plot(x1,y1,'b',x11,y11,'b',x2,y2,'b',x3,y3,'b',x4,y4,'b');xlabel('x/mm')ylabel('y/mm') title('理论轮廓曲线')3、凸轮实际轮廓绘制取滚子半径为r=10mm程序：s0 =120;e =10;x = 0:(pi/1000):(pi/4);s = (480/pi.2) * x.2

15、;x1 = (s + s0).*cos(x)-e*sin(x);y1 = (s0 + s).*sin(x) +e*cos(x);t =(pi/4):(pi/1000):(pi/2);s= 60-(480/pi.2)*(pi/2-t).2;x11 = (s + s0).*cos(t)-e*sin(t);y11 = (s0 + s).*sin(t) + e*cos(t);y = (pi/2):(pi/1000):(3*pi/4);s =60;x2 = (s + s0).*cos(y)-e*sin(y);y2 = (s0 + s).*sin(y) + e*cos(y);z = (3*pi/4):(p

16、i/1000):(43*pi/36);s = 60*(43/16 - (9*z)/(4*pi) + 1/(2*pi).*sin (9/2)*z - 27* pi/8);x3 = (s + s0).*cos(z)-e*sin(z);y3 = (s0 + s).*sin(z) + e*cos(z);c = (43*pi/36):(pi/1000):( 2*pi);s = 0;x4 = (s + s0).*cos(c)-e*sin(c);y4 = (s0 + s).*sin(c) + e*cos(c);plot(x1,y1,'b',x11,y11,'b',x2,y2,

17、'b',x3,y3,'b',x4,y4,'b');xlabel('x/mm')ylabel('y/mm')hold onw = 2*pi/3;s0 = 120;e = 10;r = 10;x = 0:(pi/1000):(pi/4);s1 = (480/pi.2) * x.2;x1 = (s1 + s0).*cos(x) - e*sin(x);y1 = (s0 + s1).*sin(x) + e*cos(x);n1 = -(s1 + s0).*sin(x)+(2*(480/pi.2) * x).*cos(x) -e

18、*cos(x);m1 = (s0 + s1).*cos(x)+(2*(480/pi.2) * x).*sin(x) - e*sin(x);xt1 = x1+(r*m1)./(sqrt(n1.2+m1.2);yt1 = y1 - (r*n1)./sqrt(m1.2 +n1.2);xw1 = x1 - (r*m1)./sqrt(m1.2 +n1.2);yw1 = y1 + (r*n1)./sqrt(m1.2 +n1.2);t =(pi/4):(pi/100):(pi/2);s11 = 60-(480/pi.2)*(pi/2-t).2;x11 = (s11 + s0).*cos(t) - e*sin

19、(t);y11 = (s0 + s11).*sin(t) + e*cos(t);n11= -(s11 + s0).*sin(t)+(2*(480/pi.2)*(pi/2-t).*cos(t) -e*cos(t);m11 = (s0 + s11).*cos(t)+(2*(480/pi.2)*(pi/2-t).*sin(t) - e*sin(t);xt11 = x11+(r*m11)./(sqrt(n11.2+m11.2);yt11 = y11 - (r*n11)./sqrt(m11.2 +n11.2);xw11 = x11 - (r*m11)./sqrt(m11.2 +n11.2);yw11 =

20、 y11 + (r*n11)./sqrt(m11.2 +n11.2);y = (pi/2):(pi/1000):(3*pi/4);s2 = 60;x2 = (s2 + s0).*cos(y)-e*sin(y);y2 = (s0 + s2).*sin(y) + e*cos(y);n2 = -(s2+s0).*sin(y)-e*cos(y);m2 = (s2+s0).*cos(y) - e*sin(y);xt2 = x2 + (r*m2)./sqrt(m2.2+n2.2);yt2 = y2 - (r*n2)./sqrt(m2.2+n2.2);xw2 = x2 - (r*m2)./sqrt(m2.2

21、+n2.2);yw2 = y2 + (r*n2)./sqrt(m2.2+n2.2);z = (3*pi/4 ):(pi/1000):(43*pi/36);s3 = 60*(43/16 - (9*z)/(4*pi) + 1/(2*pi).*sin (9/2)*z - 27* pi/8);x3 = (s3 + s0).*cos(z)-e*sin(z);y3 = (s0 + s3).*sin(z) + e*cos(z);n3 = -( s3 + s0).*sin(z)+(60*( - 9/(4*pi) + 9/(4*pi).*cos (9/2)*z - 27* pi/8).*cos(z)-e*cos(z);m3 = (s0 + s3).*co