2022年2022年高一定语从句导学案

1、精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载【学习目标】：高肯定语从句the attributive clause 导学案精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载1.把握定语从句的定义；2.把握关系代词that、who、which、whom 和 whose的用法；3.把握关系副词when,where, why 的用法；4.把握介词 +which 的用法5.能够敏捷运用定语从句；【学习方法】：1.依据学案中所给出的练习总结定语从句的用法；2.背诵典型句子3.多做练习进行运用和分析【语法学问点】1. 定语从句 -在复合句中充当定语的从句叫定

2、语从句；定语从句的作用相当于形容词,用来修饰主句中的某一名词.代词或整个主句2. 先行词 - 被定语从句修饰的 名词或代词叫先行词,定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后；先行词可以为一个词,短语,或整个主句；3. 关系词 - 在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用的词叫关系词,分成关系代词和关系副词.4. 关系代词和关系副词有三大作用：连接-连接定语从句和主句 替代-替代前面的先行词成分-在定语从句中充当肯定的句子成分（主语.表语.宾语.定语.状语）例1.a huge crack （ thatwas eight kilometres long and thirty metres wid）e（先行词

3、）关系词 （定语从句）cut across houses、 roads and canals.精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载【学习过程】1.完成表格part1.关系词的使用精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载关系代词先行词（ 指 人 或物）在从句中充当什么成分例句分析精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载that指人/物作主语.宾语（作宾语时 可 以 省略）a huge crack that was eight kilometres long and thirty metres wide cut across houses、 roads and canals.

4、i don t know about the matnhat you mentioned.精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载who指人作主语the number of people who werekilled or seriouslyinjuredreached more than 400、000.精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载whom指人作宾语（可以省略）the man whom you met yesterdaisy mr. smith.the boy whom you are looking foirs hidden behind the tree.精品学习

5、资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载which 指 物 作 主 语 . 宾语（作宾语时 可 以 省略）then、 later that afternoon、 another big quakewhich was almost as strong as the first osnheook tangshan. the pen which my uncle gave me is missing.精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载whose指人/物作定语workers built shelters forsurvivors

6、whose homeshad been destroyed.=.t.he homes of whomhad been destroyed.=of whom the homeshad been destroyed【注】whose +n = the +n. +of which / whom或 of which / whom + the +n.精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载as正如.指人/物 作主语.宾语（不行省略）we have found such materials as are used in their factory.he is not the same manas he

7、 was.as we all had expectedl、iuxiang won the gold medal in the competition.精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载关系副词先行词在从句中充当什么成分例句分析精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载when=介词+which where=介词+which why= for+ which时间时间状语i still remember the daywhen / on which i first cameto taishan no.1 high school.地点地点状

8、语this is the villagewhere / in which i ever lived.缘由缘由状语doyouknowthe reason why /forwhich he isabsent.精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载【注】定语从句的关系副词when where why = 介词+which、但反之并不肯定；如： english is the subjectin which i m interested.2. 做题方法：（ 1）找先行词（ 2）仍原 -把先行词放入定语从句（ 3）确定关系词【练习 1】用关系代词 that、 who、 whom、 which 或

9、whose 填空,并指出它们在从句中作何成分；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载1. the eggs i bought yesterday were not fresh（.2. he prefers the goose comes from his parents作 ）（作_ f_a_rm . ）精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载3. the noodles you cooked were delicious.（作 ）4. he saw a house windows were all broken.（作 ）精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载5. the

10、man lives next to us sells vegetables（.作 ）精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载6. i don t like the people smoke a l（ot作. ）精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载7. i prefer dumplings have just been cooked（.作 ）精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载8. don t drink water has not been boile（d作. ）精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下

11、载9. the man you met just now is my teacher（.作 ）精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载10. plane is a machine can fly.（作 ）观看下面两组句子1. a. this is the house i once lived in.先行词指,关系词在句中作语,应填；b. this is the house i once lived.先行词指,关系词在句中作语,你知道应填什么关系词吗？2. a. he was born in a day was very hot.先行词指,关系词在句中作语,应填；b. he was bor

12、n in a day it was very hot.先行词指,关系词在句中作语；【指点迷津】当把先行词放回定语从句时,需要加上一个介词,说明先行词在定语从句中充当状语；如： when i arrived、 bryan took me to see the house where i would be staying.仍原： i would be staying in the house【练习 2】用关系副词 when、 where、 why 填空,并指出它们在从句中作何成分；1. i remember the day i first come to the school.2. beijing

13、 is the place i was born.3. this is the factory i visited last year.4. is this the reason he refused to help you.5. i ll never forget the years i spent with you in the city.6. we all didn t believe the reason s_a_idhejust now.【指点迷津】在定语从句中,如其先行词为抽象名词situation,point、 position 、condition、 case、 scene、

14、spot、 stage等,如定语从句不缺主语.宾语和表语,就用关系副词whereoccasion -场-合where ;-时机 ;机会when ；如： we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.occasions are quite rare when i have the time to spend a day with my kids. 200山8 东 i have never been to such an occasion where people all dress formally.ex. he s

15、got himself into a dangerous situation he is likely to lose control over theplane.a. whereb. which.c. whiled. why3.that和 which关系代词只用 that 的情形： 先行词被最高级.序数词修饰时； 先行词为 all、 any、 everything、 anything、 none、the one等不定代词时 当主句为 who 或 which 引导的特别疑问句,为防止重复,只用that 先行词既包括 人又包括 物时；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载

16、精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载 先行词被 the only、 the very、 the same、 the las修t饰时；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载 . this is the highest building ive ever seen. . i really didnt know anything happened to jim yesterday. . who is the man is standing over there. oh、he is my math teacher. . they are talking about things an

17、d persons they saw there a few days ago.关系代词只用 which 的情形： 引导非限制性定语从句 ; 关系词前有介词 ; 先行词本身为 that； . the tree、is four hundred years old、 is very famous here. . we depend on the landfromwe get our food. . thatyou told him about is what we want to know.who 和 that在什么情形下只用who 不用 that？ all / those 作先行词且指人； 在

18、there be 结构中,先行词指人； 先行词为指人的不定代词one、 anyone、 no one、 all、 nobody、 anybody、 non；e.those want to go to the cinema will have to wait at the gate of the school.there is a strangerwants to see you. onedoesnt work hard will never succeed in his work .4.先行词为 way 的定语从句1）the way you solved the problem is not

19、the best one. 2）this is the way he told me to solve the problem.【指点迷津】 当先行词为 the way 且在定语从句中充当状语时,关系连词有三种情形： in which / that / 省略part2. 介词 + which/ whom1. 分析以下例句 :（1） ） the manwhom he is talking to is my father.the man towhom he is talking is my father.（2） ） this is the penwhich i wrote the letter w

20、ith.this is the pen with which i wrote the letter.【指点迷津】1 “介词+关系代词 ”引导的定语从句时, 如先行词为物 、 用介词 +which;如先行词为人 、 用介词 +whom(2) 当介词位于定语从句的末尾时,可将介词提前到关系词前,构成“介词 +which/ whom”(3) 在固定搭配的动词短语中,由于动词和介词不行分割,因此不能把介词位于关系代精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载词之前； 如: look after、 take care of、 look for等；判定正误： this is the pe

21、n for which im looking. this is the pen which im looking for. 2. 如何确定定语从句中的介词？先找出定语从句,将先行词放入定语从句中1）看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配this is the book which you asked 2）看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配he referred me to some reference books which i am not very familiar.3）依据先行词判定,所用的介词与先行词搭配this is our classroom 、 which there is a teacher

22、 s desk.【练习】用恰当的介词 +which/whom 填空1. this is the rock the boy fell down into the sea.2. the film star we talked a lot yesterday will give us a speech tomorrow.3. the west lake hangzhou is famous in the world will be more beautiful.4. the reason he could not go there was that his grade was too low.5.

23、the professor mr. smith shook hands yesterday has made new discoveries in science.6. could you tell me the day you arrived.part 3 定语从句中的动词的数1. he is the only one of the students in his class who have got this chance.2. he is one of the students in his class who have got the teacher s praise3. those

24、who want to go to the cinema must be at the school gate by 3:30p.m.4. anyone who want to go to the cinema must be at the school gate by 3:30p.m.【指点迷津】 关系词在定语从句中做主语时,谓语动词的数取决于先行词part 4 课后巩固练习一挑选正确选项；1. the wolves hid themselves in theplaces couldn t be found.a. whereb. thatc. in whichd. in that2. tha

25、t tree、 branches are almost bare、 is very old.a. whoseb. of whichc. in whichd. on which3. those not only from books but also through practice will succeed.a. learnb. who learnc. that learnsd. who4. anyone this opinion may speak out.a. that againstb. that againstc. who is againstd. who are against精品学

26、习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载5. can you lend me the novel the other day.a. that you talkedb. you talked about itc. which you talked withd. you talked about6. the train she was travelling was late.a. whichb. wherec. on whichd. in that7. do you still remember the happy days we swam in the river in our

27、village.a. whichb. whenc. thatd. where8. may the fourth is the day we chinese people will never forget.a. whichb. whenc. on whichd. about which9. the hotel we stayed during our holidays stands by the seaside.a. whatb. whichc. whered. that10. is that the reason you are in favour of the proposal.a. wh

28、ichb. whatc. whyd. for that11. i don t like you speak to her.a. the wayb. the way in thatc. the way whichd. the way of which12. there is only one thing i can do.a. whatb. thatc. alld. which13. i have many books、 some of are on chemistry.a. themb. thatc. whichd. those14. i like the second football ma

29、tch was held last week.a. whichb. whoc. thatd. /15. this is one of the best films this year.a. that have been shownb. that have shownc. that has been shownd. that has shown16. she was the only one ofthe girlsin our classaccepted as candidate for the president of our students union.a. who wasb. who w

30、erec. who has beend. who have been17. this is the magazine i copied the paragraph.a. thatb. whichc. from thatd. from which18. recently i bought a second-hand carwas very low.a. which priceb. the price of whosec. its priced. whose price19. anyone with what i said may raise your hand.a. that agreesb.

31、who agreec. who agreesd. that agree20. the great day we looked forward to at last.a. cameb. comec. coming二用关系词填空；1. the place interested me most was the children's palace.2. do you know the year the chinese communist party was founded.3. great changes have taken place in the factory we have been

32、 working since then.4. they arrived at a farmhouse、 in front of sat a small boy.5. is there anyone in your class family is in the country.6. the letter is from my sister、 is working in beijing.精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载7. in our factory there are 2、000 workers、 two thirds of are women.8. i will

33、 never forget the day we worked together and the day we spent together.9. we admire him for the way he faces difficulties.10. the reason he didn't come was he was ill.11. - did you ask the guard what happened. - yes、 he told me all he knew.12. is oxygen the only gas helps fire burn.13. there are

34、 cases the word“ mighty ” is used as an adverb.14. the treatment willcontinue untilthe patient reachesthe point he can walk correctly and safely.15. there are several research centers in china a certain disease called bird flu is being studied.16. is known to everybody、 taiwan is a part of china.17.

35、 some pictures of the river brought the days back to the old they swam in it.18. who is the woman is sweeping the floor over there.19. the professors talked with us about the beautiful schools and the experienced teachers they had seen.20. women drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greate

36、r chance of having heart disease than those don t.21. i will hire the man they say is a good english speaker.22. after reading your proposal、there is one point i don t agree.三用介词 +关系代词填空；（每空一词）1. the hotel they are staying is a very famous one.2. the pen i do my homework is a birthday present from m

37、y father.3. is this the car you paid a high price.4. the gentleman you told me yesterday proved to be a thief.5. is this the village the great scientist was born forty years ago.6. the professor we often turn for help will come to our party tonight.四.单句改错1the story happened in november on which the

38、weather was very cold 2stella is one of the engineers who is fit for the task3mr. williams has two sons、 both of whom looks like him4when we passed the place which the dead boy lay、 each of us saluted5. is this the horse that you spent five hours drawing it yesterday.6. those who has finished the ex

39、ercises may leave the classroom now.7. children eat a lot of sweets or chocolate often have bad teeth.8. mr. green is always working hard should get a rise.9. john is the only one of the students that have been abroad.10.i care about nothing which is going on there.精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载四用定

40、语从句合并以下句子；1the factory is a small one.the factory stands near the river2have you answered the letter. you got that letter two weeks ago3i'll never forget the day. on that day i joined the league. 4.we are not allowed to do so tell me the reason.5the boy student is very young.he won the game.6the

41、 town has become a famous cityhe grew up in the town7i spend my childhood in suzhou i have never been there again since i left8he is leaving for wuhan to meet his daughterhe has not seen the girl for years9do you know the man .his son is a famous scientist10my uncle bought the bicycle last week the

42、bicycle has been stolen .part4 名言警句中的定语从句1. he who is ill to himself will be good to nobody.人不自爱,焉能爱人？2. he who laughs last laughs best.谁笑在最终 、 谁笑得最好；3. he who makes no mistakes makes nothing.不犯错误的人一事无成；4. all that glitters is not gold.闪闪发光者,未必皆黄金；5. opportunity and luck always shows appreciation fo

43、r those who are bold in struggling.机遇和幸运总为垂青勇于奋斗的人；6. the only thing that we have to fear is fear itself. 唯独让我们惧怕的事就为惧怕本身.7. he who doesnt reach the great wall is not a true man.不到长城非英雄part 5课后拓展【自主学习】-定语从句典型错误例析1. 我给他看了我上周在杭州的照片 误 i showed him the photos i took them in hangzhou last week. 正 i showe

44、d him the photos i took in hangzhou last week. 析关系代词或关系副词既代替先行词,又在定语从句中充当肯定的成分；例句为省略了关系代词（ that/which）的定语从句, that/which 指代 the photos,在定语从句中充当 took 的宾语,故 them 余外,应去掉；2. 那个正在修理汽车的人为我的叔叔； 误 the man is mending the car is my uncle.精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载 正 the man who/that is mending the car is

45、my uncle. 析 关系代词在定语从句中充当主语时不行省略, 只有作宾语时才能省略 that；本句仍可以译为 the man mending the car is my uncl（e. -ing 形式短语 mending the car作 the man的后置定语；）3. 这只风筝为你父亲昨天为你扎的吗？ 误 is this kite your father made for you yesterday. 正 is this kite the one that your father made for you yesterday. 析如把 this 看作 kite 的修饰语, 短语 thi

46、s kite 为主句的主语, 这时我们可以看出主句 中缺少表语,即定语从句的先行词,所以应当加上代词the one；假如我们把this 看作代词,作句子的主语,那么kite 应当为句子的表语,就可以看出先行词kite 前缺少定冠词 the；故本句仍可改为： is this the kite that/which your father made for you yesterday.4. 她告知我的就这些； 误 this is all which she told me. 正 this is all that she told me. 析当先行词为 all、 none、 one、 any、 fe

47、w、 little、 everything、 anything、 nothing等或先行词前有序数词,形容词最高级修饰时,关系代词只能用that；另外,本句仍可以译为this iswhat she told me不.过此时what 引导的为表语从句,而不为定语从句；5. 这为我们明天要争论的问题； 误 this is the problem about that we ll talk tomorrow. 正 this is the problem about which we ll talk tomorrow. 正 this is the problem that/which we ll ta

48、lk about tomorrow. 析 “介词+关系代词 引导的定语从句,先行词指人时,关系代词用 whom；指物时, 关系代词用 which；另外,有些固定短语如 look after、 listen to 等,一般也不能将介词提到关系代词之前；6. 从这儿可以看到屋顶的那幢建筑物为镇里最大的超市； 误 the building、 which roof can be seen here、 is the biggest supermarket in town. 正 the building、 whose roof can be seen here、 is the biggest superm

49、arket in town. 析分析句意可知, building和 roof 之间存在所属关系,故应用whose,whose在引导 从句定语从句时既可指人又可指物,通常可与ofwhich 互换使用,因此本句仍可以表 示为： the building、 the roof of which （of which the roof）can be seen here、 is the biggestsupermarket in town.7. 人没有空气就不能生存,这为很自然的； 误 which is very natural、 man can t live without air. 正 man can t live without air、 which/as is very natural. 正 as is very natural、 man can t live without air. 析 which/as 都可以引导非限定性定语从句,在从句中作主语,表语,宾语；但which引导的从句只能放在主句之后,而as 引导的从句位置比较敏捷,可以位于句首,句中精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载或句末；8. 他为今日早晨迟到的同学之一； 误 he was one of the students who