(完整word)新人教版八年级英语下册知识点归纳,推荐文档

1、八年级英语下册知识点第1页共 17 页新人教版八年级英语下册知识点归纳Unit 1 Whats the matter?重点短语：have a stomachachehave a coldlie dow ntake one s temperaturehave a fevergo to a doctorto one s surpriseagree to (do sth.)get into troublebe used totake risksrun out (of)cut offget out ofbe in con trol ofkeep on ( doing sth)give up语言知识归纳

2、：1. What s the matter (with you)?此句用来询问别人的病情。类似的句子还有：What s wrong with you?/ What s the trouble?matter 作动词用，意为 要紧”有关系”，主要用于疑问句和否定句What does it matter? It doesn t matter.【例题】Does it_ if we can t finish it today?A. mi nd B. minds C. matterD. matters2. I have a sore throat.have 患病”，常用“ have a /an 名词”.h

3、ave a coldhave a feverhave a stomachachehave a cough【例题】( )-Does he often have_cold?throat.A. a; has B. /; has C. a; have D. /; have3.Lie down and rest!躺下休息lie down 躺下单词词义过去式过去分词现在分词lie说谎liedliedlyi nglie躺，平放laylainlying4. That s probably wh 那可能就是原因。probably 意为 很可能，大概”，表示的可能性很大，是一种近乎肯定的意思。5. hurt v.

4、使受伤；伤害；疼痛He hurt his leg whe n he fell.他摔伤的时候伤了腿。My feelings were hurt when he didn t ask me t 他没 e 有 aft我参加聚会使我很伤心。6. The bus driver, 24-year-old Wang Pi ng.公交车司机，24 岁的王平.24-year-old 是用连字符连接数字和名词所构成的一个形容词结构，意思是“ 2 够的(名词必须用单数，常用在名词前做定语)【例题】 A_girl named DongXinyi looked after her disabled father.A.

5、three-year-old B. three-years-old C. Three years old7. expect vt.期待；预期；期盼 expect 的常见用法：expect+名词/代词The old man is expecting his daghter vSit.have a sore back-Yes. He also_ a cough and a sore八年级英语下册知识点第2页共 17 页expect to do sth.I expect to get a birthday prese nt from my dad.expect sb. to do sth.Do yo

6、u expect him to teach you En glish?expect + 从句I expect that you will get there soon.【辨析】expect 与 look forward to两者都有期待的意思 look forward to doi ng sth.I m looking forward to seeing Tom.8. But to his surprise.但是令他吃惊的是 .to one s surprises令人惊奇的是 .”，相当于 主语+be+surprised ”To his surprise, he found the girl

7、was bind.=He was surprised to find the girl was bli nd.令他惊奇的是，他发现这个女孩是个盲人。【拓展】in surprise 表示惊奇的”，相当于副词性短语，用来修饰动词。The two girls looked at each other in surprise.那两个女孩惊奇地互相看着。 be surprised a 表示 对.感到惊讶”。We are very surprised at the n ews 听 至 U 这个消息，我们很诧异。 surprising 表示使人惊奇的”，作表语时，主语是事物。9. They don t wa

8、nt any trouble.们不想惹麻烦。1trouble 用作名词，意为 烦恼，困难，麻烦，疾病等”。His life is full of trouble.他的生活充满了烦恼。What s the trouble 怎 么了？2trouble 用作动词，意为 麻烦，打扰”。I m sryrto trouble you.抱歉打扰你。【拓展】与 trouble 相关的短语in trouble 处于困境中get into trouble 陷入困境Have trouble (in) doi ng sth.做某事有困难【例题】-How is your English study?-Not bad.

9、But I_learning English grammar.A. am in terested B. am good at C. have a little trouble D. have no trouble10. 辨析 used to do sth. 与 be used to sth. / doing sth.JJ过去常常习惯于某事/做某事We used to draw pictures badly.You will get used to the weather here.In the en d, I got used to doing hard work.11. 辨析 run out

10、 与 run out of人 + run out ofThey have run out of the water.物 + run out (不可用于被动语态)The money is running out.【例题】选出能代替句中画线部分的一项()Yesterday I used up all the salt to cook dumpli ngs. I n eed to buy some now.A. ate upB. run out ofC. ran ofD. ran out of12. make decisions = make a decision 作出决定decision 为 de

11、cide 的名词形式make a decisi on to do sth. = decide to do sth.13. be in control of 管理；控制A teacher should be in control of his class.重点语法：情态动词 should 的用法八年级英语下册知识点第3页共 17 页(1)should 后接动词原形，变否定句在 should 后加 not,变一般疑问句时将 should 提前。(2) should 常用于以下两种情况：1 提出建议You looked tired. You should lie dow n and rest.2 表

12、推测，意为该，按理应当”。Wait a minu te. I thi nk he should come in a minute.Un it 2 III help to clea n up the city parks.重点短语：clea n upby on eselfcheer upput offgive output onused togive awaytake afterset upmake a differe neecare forcome up with语言知识归纳：1. give out 分发，发放【拓展】give 构成的短语还有：give away 赠给，赠送give in 屈服

13、，投降give up 放弃give off 发出（气味、光、热等）2. come up with 提出，想出表示想出或提出”，相当于 think ofI think she can come up with a good idea（2）come up with 还可表示 赶上”相当于 catch up with.We should study hard to come up with them【例题】（）We must_ a plan to improve your math.A. pick up B. catch up with C. come up with D. make up3. I

14、run out of it.我已经把它用完了。run out of 表示 用完，用光”，其主语一般是人。【拓展】run out of 还可表示 从.跑出来”。Bill ran out of the room. Bill 从房间里跑出来。run 构成的短语还有run away 逃走run after 追赶run into difficulties 遇到困难【例题】（）When your money_ , please come to me for some.A. runs out of B. runs out C. is running out of D. is run out4. I take

15、 after my mother 我长得像我妈妈。【辨析】take after 与 look liketake after 意为长得像，行为、性格等像”尤其是像自己的长辈。The boy takes after his father.这个男孩长得像他爸爸。look like 可以用于所有场合，既可指人也可指物，仅指外表看上去像。The man looks like our teacher.这个男的看起来像我们的老师。The rain bow looks like a bridge.彩虹看上去像一座桥。【拓展】take 构成的短语take uptake offtake place八年级英语下册知

16、识点第4页共 17 页take one s timetake care【例题】（ ）-You ve really beautiful blond hair. -Thank you. I_ my mother.A. look after B. take after C. take from D. look for5. set up 仓 U 办，建立set up 为副词短语，与 start, establish 同义They ve set up a compa n 他们创办了一家公司。与 set 相关的短语还有：set out 动身，开始（做某事）set off 出发，引起，激发6. You he

17、lped to make it possible for me to have lucky.对我来说，有了你的帮助，我才有可能拥有 Lucky.it 是形式宾语You made it possible for me to catch up with others.你让我有可能赶上其他人。【例题】（）He found_ hard to go to sleep with the light on.A. it B. that C. he D. him7. Lucky makes a big differenee to my life.Lucky 对我的生活产生了很大的影响。make a big di

18、fference 意为 对.产生很大的影响” difference 在此为 影响”的意思。【例题】（ ）The heavy snow didn t_ the international airlines.A. pay attention to B. add to C. make a difference to D. keep to8. imagi ne v.想象，假想；以为，认为imagine （v.想象）imagination （n.想象）imaginative （adj.富于想象力的）9. help. out 帮. 克服困难，帮. 分担工作The teacher often helps h

19、is stude nts out 那位老师经常帮他的学生解决问题。10. be excited about.对.兴奋I m excited about the game of Li N 我对李娜的比赛感到兴奋。exciting 修饰物重点语法：动词短语动词短语主要有以下四种构成形式：动词+介词这类动词短语主要有： agree with, ask for, arrive at, hear of, look at, take after, liste n t 等。这类动词后的宾语无论是名词还是代词，都要放在介词之后。I m looking for my pen.Don t laugh at the

20、 poor man.动词+副词这类动词短语有： find out, give out, look up, put on, turn on/off, wake up, work out 等。这类动词后面的宾语是名词时，名词可放在副词前面或后面；宾语是代词时，代词只能放在 副词前面。Please pick up the pen.= Please pick the pen up.It took him two hours to work it out.（3）动词+名词+介词这类动词短语有： have a look at, make friends with, pay attention to, ta

21、ke care of, look forward to 等。在这类动词短语中，宾语都放在介词之后。You should pay more atte nti on to your pronun ciati on.（4）动词+形容词+介词这类动词短语有： be angry with, be busy with, be good for, be differe nt from, be in terested in, be goodat 等。八年级英语下册知识点第5页共 17 页【例题】（1） （ ） When you don t know a word, you canin the dictiona

22、ry.A. look it up B. set it up C. give it up D. pick it up（2） （ ） We will have dinner at the restaura nt, which is famousits sea food.A. of B. to C. for D.asUn it 3 Could you please clea n your room?重点短语:take out the rubbishmake the bedall the timeborrow some moneyhelp with houseworkhang out witha wa

23、ste of timein order toas.as.take care ofin surprisedo the dishesas a result语言知识归纳:1. work on 从事于；着手干The writer is worki ng on a new book.那位作家正在写一本新书。She is goi ng to work on her physics project.她打算从事她的物理项目。【例题】（ ）The scientists are_ inventing some methods of producing electricity.A. worki ng onB. wo

24、rki ng out C. worki ng at D. worki ng for2. at least 至少at least 修饰时间、距离、长度等，以加强语气。翻译短语位 at most 意为至多，最多”。He kept me waiting at least an hour.There were fifty people there at most.3. all the time 一直；总是Things are cha nging all the time 事 情一直在变化。【拓展】time 相关的短语on time 准日寸at the same time 同日寸in time 及日寸F

25、rom time to time 彳禺尔the first time 第次【例题】选出能代替句中划线部分的一项。（）I always go shopping on Friday.A. all the time B. all the same C.all along D. all the way5. I m just as tired as you ar 我和你一样累。as.as 意为 和. 一样”表示同级比较。as.as 中间要用形容词或副词原级。This story is as in teresti ng as that one 这个故事和那个一样有趣。否定式为 not as/so.as 意

26、为 不如. ”。The garde n is not so beautiful as you thought. 【例题】（）He speaks French well, but of course not_a person born in France.A.as clear as B. clearer tha nC. as clearly as D. the more clearly6. For one week, she did not do any housework and neither did 一个星期，她不做家务，我也不做家 务。so,n either 倒装句型So +助动词/ b

27、e 动词/情态动词+主语Neither +助动词/ be 动词/情态动词+主语这两种结构常用来说明前面所说的情况，后面某人（物）也是这样。助动词 / be 动词/情态动词 在形式上与前句的谓语保持一致，而其单复形式由后句的主语决定。So 依附于肯定句，n either依附于否定句。八年级英语下册知识点第6页共 17 页Bill watched TV last n ight. So did Ann.Lily isn t a teacher. Neither is Mary.【例题】（）-I never drink coffee. -_.A.So do I B. So did I C. Neith

28、er did I D. Neither do I7. 辨析 borrow 与 lendborrow sth. from sb.向某人借（入）某物八年级英语下册知识点第7页共 17 页lend sth. to sb. / lend sb. sth.把某物借给某人【注】borrow,lend 都是非延续性动词，如果要表示借多长时间”要用 keep。【例题】（ ）Although you like the book, you may only_it for two weeks.A. borrow B. keep C. le ndD. stay8. spendv.花费（金钱；时间）spe nd +钱/

29、时间+ on sth. 在.上花费时间或金钱spe nd +时间+（ in） doi ng sth.花时间做某事【例题】（）Yang Feng_ every Saturday after noon volun teeri ng in an old peopleA. costs B. takes C. pays D. spends8. provide v.提供；给予The restaura nt provide the best service.The parents provide the children with food and clothes.The schools provide d

30、esks and chairs for the stude nts.【例题】（）To protect the environment,supermarkets donA. take B. show C. provide D. carry10. depend on 依靠；依赖；相信depe nd on 为固定短语，不能用进行时态，也不可用被动语态As we know, good results depe nd on hard work.You can t depend on your parents forever.10. The earlier kids learn to be indepen

31、dent, the better it is for their future 孩子越早学会独立，对他们 的将来就越好。the +比较级.，the +比较级. 越就越”The harder you work at your study, the better grades you will have.【例题】（ ）-There was thick haze 雾霾）in our city this spring. What do you think of it ?-I thi nk_ cars we drive,_ pollutio n our city will have.A. the few

32、er; the fewerB. the fewer; the lessC. The more; the fewerD. the more; the less11. in order to 的用法（1） in order to 意为 为了”，强调目的，后接动词原形。In order to let the students hear him, he spoke loudly.We have to study hard in order to pass the exam.In order not to be late for school, she took a taxi.含 in order to

33、 的句子可以转变为由 so that 或 in order that 引导的状语从句。She ran quickly in order to catch the bus.She ran quickly in order that she could catch the bus.She ran quickly so that she could catch the bus.12. as a result 的用法as a result 用于引出结果，常用于两个句子之间，其中一个是另一个的结果，且前后用标点符 号将两个句子隔开，意为 结果是”。He didn t listen carefully.

34、As a result, he couldn t work out the maths problem.【注】as a result of 的意思是 由于，因为”，相当于 because o。Peter was late as a result of the heavy rain.= Peter was late because of the heavy rai n. 【例provide sth.彳 provide sb. with vide sth. for sb.t_ free plastic bags to shoppers八年级英语下册知识点第8页共 17 页题】（）Th

35、e boy studied hard. _ , he passed the exam.A. la fact B. On time C. After all D. As a result八年级英语下册知识点第9页共 17 页Un it 4 Why dont youtalk to your pare nts?重点短语：look throughcut outa big dealcom muni catewith in stead of语言知识归纳：get on within one s opinionget into a fightcall sb. up1. Why don t you talk t

36、o your parents?Why don t you do sth.= Why not do sth 为什么不“?”【拓展】提出建议的句型1What/How about doi ng sth.?做某事怎么样？2Shall we do sth.?我们做某事好吗？3You d better( not) do sth 你最好(不)做某事。4Why don t you do sth.为什么不做某事呢？5Would you mi nd doi ng sth.?你介意做某事吗？2. allow v.允许，许可1allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事 “My pare nts allow

37、 me to play computer game on weeke nds.2allow doing sth.允许做某事”She doesn t allow smoking in her house.3allow+名词We can t allow such a thi ng.【例题】（）Do you often allow_ until 11:00 p.m.A. to stay up B. stay up C. stay ing up D. and stay up3. work out 产生.效果，进展 .Th ings worked out quite well for us.对我们来说，

38、事情进展很好。He worked out the maths problem.他算出了这道数学题。Can you work out the problem alo ne?你一个人能把问题搞清楚吗？4. com muni catev.交流信息； 沟通I can t com muni cate with them at the momettt 刻 我无法同他们进行交流。com muni cati on n.交流People can t get on well with each other without com muni cati 没 n 有交流，人们就无法相处得好。【例题】选出能代替句中划线部

39、分的一项。（ ）People choose to keep in touch with their frie nds by e-mail. A. write B. read C.agree D.com muni cate5. arguevi.争论；争吵argue with sb.与某人争论Don t argue with your pare nts 不要和你的父母争论。argue 的名词形式是“ argument ” , have an argument with 与某人辩论。Alice hand an argume nt with her best friend.【例题】（）1 never

40、argue_ my parents.work outcompare.withso that no t.until.八年级英语下册知识点第10页共 17 页A.in B.to C.for D.with6. insteadadv.代替，顶替八年级英语下册知识点第11页共 17 页If you are busy, you may come ano ther day in stead. 【辨析】in stead 与 in stead ofin stead副词舍前取后，可单独使用，位于句首或句末。in stead of介词短语舍后取前，后面常跟名词，代词及动词ing。He did n t an swer

41、. He asked his father in stead.We eat rice in stead of no odles.【例题】（）What a nice day! We should go sightseeing_ watching TV in the hotel.A.because of B. in stead of C.together with D.out7. offer v.提供；提出；建议1offer 做提供”讲时，可接双宾语。offer sth. to sb.= offer sb. sth.向某人提供某物The waitress offered a cup of tea

42、to the man.= The waitress offered the man a cup of tea.2offer 还有 提出，建议”的意思，其后接不定式，表示主动提出做某事。The old man offered to lend the boy some mon ey.【例题】（）The little boy_ his seat to an old lady on the crowded bus.A. lent B. offered C. took D. brought8. And they are always comparing them with other pare 作动词，

43、意为 比较，和. 相比”1compare.with.把.同.相比较Parents shouldn t always compare theiiriidith others. 父母们不该总是把自己的孩子同别人相比较。2compare.to.扌巴.比作.People ofte n compare the life to a stage 人们常把生活比作一个舞台。【例题】（ ）My handwriting can not be compared_ my father s.A. to B. with C. on D.for11. My cousin borrows my things without

44、returning them.1return 意为归还”其后可接双宾语return sb. sth. = return sth. to sb.Don t forget to return me the keys.2return 还有 返回”的意思，相当于 go back,后接地点时需要介词 to。He returned to Shanghai a week ago.【例题】那本书你还给图书馆了吗？Did you_ the bookthe library?（ ）I don t know when we will_ Hong Kong.A. return back B. return to C.

45、return back to D.return八年级英语下册知识点第12页共 17 页Un it 5 What were you doing whe n the rain storm came?1. while 当.的时候作连词引导时间状语从句，在 while 引导的从句中，其谓语动词只能是延续性动词，强调主从 句中的动作或状态同时发生。While I was watchi ng TV, some one kno eked at the door.when 意为 当.时”动作有一前一后的意思。When I passed that room I heard some one singing.wh

46、ile 作连词时也可理解为 然而”表示转折关系。I like apples while my sister doesn t.【例题】()Tom likes reading a newspaper_he is having breakfast.A.u ntilB.while C.beeause D.though( )Mary was talk ing on the phone_some one kno eked at the door.A.while B.before C.whe n D.after2. make sure 查明；确信1make sure of sth.2make sure to

47、 do sth.3make sure that + 从句【例题】( )Read your English paper again and_there is no mistake in it before you hand it in.A.make sure B.turn up C.eome out D.look for3. I got to the bus stop but I still missed the bus.get 意为 到达”时，是不及物动词，后面跟地点名词时，要加介词to。How can I get to the n earest supermarket ?表示 到达”的三种形

48、式：1arrive 意为到达at +小地点arrive in +大地点2get to 后接地点名词。He got to school at 7:00 this morning.3reach 意为到达”是及物动词，后面直接跟地点名词。Whe n did you reach America?【例题】()Please write to me as soon as you_your school.A.get to B.reach to C.arrive D.come( )-Whe n did your aunt_in Shandong? -Yesterday after noon.A.reach B.

49、get C.arrive D.come4. People often remember what they were doing when they heard the news of important events in重点短语：go offdie dow ntake dow nin a messbasketball competition语言知识归纳：pick upmake one s way atfirstthe rest ofas wellfall asleepin sile neewait forhave meaning tomake sure八年级英语下册知识点第13页共 17

50、页history.hear 动词，意为 听说”常用结构为：1hear sb. do sth. 听见某人做某事2hear sb. doing sth.听见某人正在做某事3hear of/about sb. /sth.听说某人或某事4hear from sb.收到某人的来信5hear + that 从句 听说.【例题】( )Tom likes to_ others but he never writes to them.A.hear B.hear of C.hear about D.hear from( )-Whe n did you_ the n ews? -Just now.A.hear ab

51、out B.hear from C.heardD.heari ng八年级英语下册知识点第14页共 17 页5. I played the song without any mistakes.without 介词，意为无；没有”其反义词为 with,后接名词、代词或动词 ingFish can t live without water.He went to work without hav ing breakfast.【例题】她没敲门就进了房间。She en tered the room_ at the door.你不戴眼镜能看得清Can you see clearly_ your_Unit 6

52、 An old man tried to move the mountains.重点短语：be born语言知识归纳:2. try 的用法1try to do sth.尽力做某事 He is tryi ng to lear n En glish.2try doing sth.试着做某事You should try tak ing more exercise.3try one s bes 尽力I ll try my best to help him.4try on 试穿 Would you like to try this dress on?2. remi nd vt.使想起，提醒1remind

53、 sb. of/about sth.使某人想起某事 The song rem ind me of my childhood.2remi nd sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事 Peter rem in ded her to atte nd the meeti ng on time.4. What do you think of .? 你认为.怎么样？What do you think of .? = How do you like.?注：think 后接动名词，like 后接带 to 的不定式女口： What do you think of going climbing tomor

54、row?=How do you like to go climb ing tomorrow?你认为明天去爬山怎么样？【例题】（）-_ do you think of the football match?-It s perfect. It s more exciting than_ match that I have ever watched.A. How; any otherB. How; any othersC. What; any otherD. What; any others5. Neither of you is wrong.你们两个都没错。neither 两者都不；也不e.g.

55、Neither of the ideas is good.I like n either subject.neither 作连词，表示 既不.也不.”，连接两个主语时，谓语动词要遵循就近原则。e.g. Neither you nor he is in this team.Neither he nor I am a teacher.【例题】（）-Which do you prefer, a CD player or a walk man?-_ . I prefer a computer.a little bitin stead oonce upon a timeas soon

56、 asfall in lovein stead ofget marriedgive birth o八年级英语下册知识点第15页共 17 页A. Both B. Either C. None D. Neither5. uni ess 的用法unless 的意思是 除非，如果不”相当于 if not,用来引导条件状语从句。主句同常用将来时, 从句用一般现在时。八年级英语下册知识点 第11页 共 17 页e.g. You will miss the early bus unless you get up early.We won t go to the cinema tomorr

57、ow unless my mother does.【例题】 ( )We can t be successful _w_e_keep working hard.A.if B.unless C.because D.when6. so.that.如此.以至于.so.that.可以转化为简单句，要用 too.to或 not.enough to.句型时，not 后要用原句中的形容 词或副词的反义词。She is so young that she can t look after herself.= She is too young to look after herself.= She is not

58、old enough to look after herself.【例题】 ( )-You study _ hard_ youre sure to pass the exam.-Thank you for saying so. A.enough; to B.as;as C.so; that7. as soon as 一.就.as soon as 为连词，引导时间状语从句 当主句是一般将来时或祈使句时，从句通常用一般现在时，简称 “主将从现 ”。e.g. I ll tell her about the matter as soon as she returns home.I ll ring yo

59、u up as soon as I got to Sanya.【例题】 ( )-Will you please give the dictionary to Jane?-Sure. I llegiitvto her_ she arrives here.A.before B.until C.because D.as soon as8. the whole family 全家whole 的用法1作形容词，意为 全部的；完整的”the whole night 整夜in the whole world 全世界2作名词，意为全部，全体，整个”as a whole 作为整体the whole of Chi

60、 na 整个中国【辨析】 whole 与 allwhole 一般位于冠词、所有格或别的限定词之后，而 all 则位于这些词之前all the time/ the whole time 整个时间all my life/ my whole life 我的一生all the class/ the whole class 整个班级【例题】 ( ) Alison has been skating for_ two hours.A.the all B.whole the C.the whole D.all of9. be made of 与 be made from 由.希 9 成1be made of