定语从句 (5)

1、grammargrammarthe attributive clausethe attributive clause定语从句定语从句句子种类句子种类一、简单句一、简单句 五种类型五种类型 1. 主主 + 系系 + 表表 2. 主主 + 谓谓(vi) 3. 主主 + 谓谓(vt) + 宾宾 4. 主主 + 谓谓(vt) + 宾宾 + 双宾双宾 5. 主主 + 谓谓(vt) + 宾宾 + 宾补宾补二、并列句二、并列句 = 简单句简单句 + 并列连词并列连词 + 简单句简单句and, but, for, so, while, or, as well as, rather than, eitheror

2、, neithernor, not onlybut also, besides, however, otherwise, therefore三、复合句三、复合句 = 主句主句 + 从句从句 （主从复合句）（主从复合句） 主语从句主语从句 宾语从句宾语从句 表语从句表语从句 同位语从句同位语从句 状语从句（八种）状语从句（八种）从句从句名词性从句名词性从句一、一、准确找出先行词、关系词、定语从句准确找出先行词、关系词、定语从句The man who lives next to us sells vegetables.先行词先行词定语从句所修饰的定语从句所修饰的名词或代词名词或代词关系词关系词1.

3、 引导定语从句引导定语从句2. 代替先行词代替先行词3. 在定语从句中担当一个成分在定语从句中担当一个成分定语从句定语从句定语从句1. 修饰名词或代词修饰名词或代词2. 紧跟在先行词后紧跟在先行词后关系词充当什么成分？关系词充当什么成分？1.The girl who is behind the tree is Kate.2.That is the bike which my father bought for me.3.This is the book whose cover is broken.4.The hotel where we stayed wasnt clean.5.Ill nev

4、er forget the day when I joined the League.二、关系词的选择二、关系词的选择关系代词关系代词which，that , who ,whom, whose, as 关系副词关系副词when, where, why步骤：1. 找出先行词 2. 划出定语从句 We heard the news _ pleased everybody.A. which B. where C. whom D. who步骤：1. 找出先行词 2. 划出定语从句先行词先行词从句缺从句缺主语主语从句缺从句缺宾语宾语从句缺从句缺定语定语指人指人指物who/that whom/that/w

5、howhose that / whichthat /which whose 1. Alice received an invitation from her boss, _came as a surprise. A. it B. that C. whichD. he2. The building _ stands near the river is our school.A. which B. that C. who D.whose3. The doctor _ you are looking for is in the room.A. whom B. that C.which D. whos

6、e 分析定语从句成分缺主语、宾语 用which that缺状语 用 when=介词+whichI still remember the days _ we spent together.A. when B. what C. that D. in whichI still remember the days _ we worked together.A. when B. what C. that D. for which I will never forget the three years _ we both spent in the little village. A. when B. du

7、ring which C. which D. in which 分析定语从句成分缺主语、宾语 用which that缺状语 用 where=介词+whichThis is the museum _ I visited a few days ago.A. where B. that C. on which D. the oneThis is the museum _ the exhibition was held.A. where B. that C. on whichD. the oneIs the exhibition _ the foreign friends visited yester

8、day? A. that B. the one C. which D. where 1. Is this the factory _ you visited the other day? 2.Is this factory _ some foreign friends visited last Friday?3. Is this the factory _ he worked ten years ago? A. that B. where C. which D. the one 1.Do you still remember the chicken farm _ we visited thre

9、e months ago? A. where B. when C. that D. what2.Some pre-school children go to a day care center, _ they learn simple games and songs. A. then B. there C. while D. where 3.We are trying to reach a point _ both sides will sit down together and talk. （06山东）山东） A. which B. that C. where D. when4. -Do y

10、ou have anything to say for yourself? -Yes, theres one point _ we must insist on . （06江西）江西） A. why B. where C. how D. /注意： 表模糊地点的词作先行词时，定语从句缺状语时，用Where引导定语从句。 常见的词有：situation, position, condition，system，activity，scene，case, point, stage, circumstances等。 We are in a position where we may lose a larg

11、e sum of money. The accident has reached to a stage where both their parents should be called in. 分析定语从句成分缺主语、宾语 用which that缺状语 用 why= for whichIs this the reason _ he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work？A. that B. what C. how D. whyIs this the reason _ he was late for school？A

12、. that B. which C. how D. whythe way 作先行词，定语从句缺状语作先行词，定语从句缺状语时，关系词用：时，关系词用：三、三、the way I dont understand the way_they worked out the problem. 1. I dont like the way _ he looks at me. A. in that B. which C. of which D. /2. What surprised me was not what he said but _ he said it. （04湖北）湖北） A. the way

13、B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which四、四、that which指物时，指物时，关系代词关系代词that 和和 which 一般一般可以互换，但应注意以下情况：可以互换，但应注意以下情况：在下列情况下一般用在下列情况下一般用that:1.Ive read all the books _ you lent me.2.This is the first thing _ I want to say.3.He keeps a record of everything _ he had seen there.4.The TV play I w

14、atched last night is the best one _ I have watched this year.5.Tell us about the people and the places _ are different from ours. 6. This is the very thing _ I am after. 1.先行词是序数词、形容词最高级先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或者或者被序数词、被序数词、形容词最高级修饰形容词最高级修饰 2.先行词是不定代词时先行词是不定代词时,如如:all ,few, little, much, something, anything,

15、everything, nothing 等等 3.先行词既有人又有物时先行词既有人又有物时 4.先行词被先行词被the only, the very等修饰时等修饰时 5.当关系代词在定语从句中作当关系代词在定语从句中作表语，常表语，常用用that。He is not the man that he used to be. 6 .在疑问词在疑问词who、which开头的句子中开头的句子中 7.在在There be 句型中句型中There is still a seat in the corner that is still free.在下列情况下一般用在下列情况下一般用that:在下列情况下要用

16、在下列情况下要用which 1.当关系代词的前面有介词时当关系代词的前面有介词时. 2.在非限制性定语从句中在非限制性定语从句中. 3.先行词本身是先行词本身是that eg. The clock is that which tells the time. What is that which the dog is running after？1. She is no longer the girl_ she used to be. A. who B. that C. which D. whom当定语从句中缺当定语从句中缺表语表语，用，用thatB2. He was not the man _

17、 he was before. A. who B. whom C. that D. whichC3.This is the best TV _ is made in China.4.The first museum _ he visited in China was the History Museum.thatthat先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，引导定语从句用that 。五、五、Whose 的使用的使用 whose+名词 = the+名词名词+ of which/whomof which/whom+the+名词名词1.所属关系所属关系2.指人或物指人或物3.作定语作定语This is

18、 the book _ is broken _ is broken _ is broken. 1.There are in this class 20 students, _ are different. A.whose backgrounds B. the backgrounds of whom C.of whom the backgrounds D.the backgrounds of whose2.Last year , this area was struck by a strong typhoon, from _ effects the people are still suffer

19、ing.A. that B. whose C. those D. whatthe people are still suffering from typhoons effects.3. (06福建卷福建卷)Look out! Dont get too close to the house _roof is under repair.A.whose B. which C. of which D. that答案：答案：A六、as 的用法as 引导定语从句时，引导定语从句时，可以指人也可指物可以指人也可指物通常与通常与the same, such, so等连用等连用在句子中可作主语、宾语或表语在句子

20、中可作主语、宾语或表语We hope to get such a tool as he is using. (as作宾语，指代作宾语，指代a tool)(1)辨析：as 与 which as位置灵活位置灵活，能置于句首或主句之后，且，能置于句首或主句之后，且常有常有“正如正如”“”“正像正像”之意。之意。 which只能置于主句之后只能置于主句之后 as 用在用在固定结构中固定结构中：as is known to all, as we all know, as is said above(综上所综上所述述)，as was expected, as often happens 等等。等等。 wh

21、ich不能不能1、John got beaten in the game, had been expected.AwhoBwhat Cthat Das2、Crusoes dog became ill and died, made him very lonely.Athis Bthat CwhichDasDont talk about such things as you dont understand. 从句缺宾语，从句缺宾语，as作宾语作宾语 as引导的定语从句引导的定语从句We hope to get such a tool that we can do our work better w

22、ith it. 从句不缺成分，从句不缺成分，that只起连接作用只起连接作用 that引导的状语从句引导的状语从句 It is so big a stone as we cant lift. 从句缺宾语从句缺宾语 It is so big a stone that we cant lift it. 从句不缺成分从句不缺成分 Harry Potter is such an interesting book _ all kids like to read.A. as B that C. D. which （3）辨析：）辨析：the same as与与 the samethat： the same.

23、as表示表示一种比较，和一种比较，和.一样一样 This is the same watch as I lost.这和我丢的那只手表一样。这和我丢的那只手表一样。 the same.that表示表示同一个同一个 This is the same watch that I lost.这就是我丢的那只手表。这就是我丢的那只手表。七、介词+关系代词1.定语从句中，在介词后面，指事物用定语从句中，在介词后面，指事物用which，指人用，指人用whom，指谁的用，指谁的用whose, 不可省略。不可省略。2.2.定语从句中，要表示先行词的一部分时，定语从句中，要表示先行词的一部分时，可用可用the+th

24、e+名词名词the+the+形容词比较级形容词比较级 （最高级）（最高级）数词数词代词代词(most,some(most,some few,both few,both) ) Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase,the price of which was very reasonable.There are two buildings, the larger of which is about 100 meters.He has three sons, two of whom are teachers.I have many friends, so

25、me of whom are teachers.3.介词如何选择？介词如何选择？ 方法：根据从句中的动词与先行词的关系或方法：根据从句中的动词与先行词的关系或习惯搭配（把定语从句补充完整）习惯搭配（把定语从句补充完整）.填入适当的介词填入适当的介词1.He is the man _ whom I think you can depend.I think you can depend ( ) the man.2.He referred me to some reference books _ which I am not very familiar.I am not very familiar

26、( ) some reference books.3.He made a hole in the wall, _ which he could see what was going on outside the house. he could see what was going on outside the house ( ) a hole.4、The knife we used to cut the bread is very sharp.Awhich Bwith Cwith itDwith which5、The brave man, the tiger was shot, is a good hunter.Aof whom Bby thatCby whom Dby which6、The beautiful dress Miss Jones went to the ball was borrowed from a friend of hers.Ain which Bworn byCthrough which Don which八、定语从句的单复数问题八、定语从句的单复数问题 关系代词做从句主语时关系代词做从句主语时1.从句的谓语动词单复数取决于先行词从句的谓语动词单复数取决于先行词2.先行词是句子时，从句谓语动词用单三先