unit3grammar导学案

1、Unit3 Grammar and usageNon-restrictive attributive clause高一英语 编写人：万群星一、 非限制性定语从句的定义非限制性定语从句在句中起补充说明作用，去掉后不会影响全句的理解，常用逗号与主句隔开。二、 非限制性定语从句的用法非限制性定语从句由关系词who、whom、which、whose、when、where或as引导，关系词在定语从句中做主语、宾语和状语等。做宾语时不可以省略。如：1 On my way to school I met Lily , who is one of my best friends.2 Lily, whom/wh

2、o I met on my way to school, is one of my best friends.3 My father bought a car, which is worth 200,000 yuan .4 My cousin, whose body is slim, still wants to lose weight .The house, whose windows face south, was sold at a very high price .5. We put off the picnic until next month, when we all will h

3、ave time.6. My younger sister went to Canada, where she studied for two years.7. As we all know, light travels faster than sound.注意：1 由which引导的非限制性定语从句指代先行词，还可以指代主句的某一部分和指代整个主句。如：I cant find the book, which belongs to my monitor.She is taking weight-loss pills, which is dangerous.He missed the show,

4、 which was a great pity. 2. 非限制性定语从句中，要表示先行词的一部分或整体时，可用“数词/代词/分数词+of+关系代词”的结构。There are 50 students in our class, two-thirds of whom have been to Beijing .There are 50 students in our class, all of whom have been to Beijing .My father has a lot of books, 70% of which are written in English .3. 比较下面两

5、个句子：She is one of my friends who have been to Canada .She is the only one of my friends who has been to Canada . 4. as 引导限制性定语从句，构成the same.as, so.as, such .as 等结构。I want to have such a dictionary as he has.I like the same book as you do.as 引导非限制性定语从句，通常构成下列句式：as is said above, as already mentioned

6、above, as is known to all, as we all know, as is often the case , as is reported in the newspaper.As is known to all, he is the best students in our class.5. 关系代词which与as的区别是：which不能放句首， 而as 则可以放在句首、句中和句末。As is known to us, light travels faster than sound.Light travels faster than sound, which is kn

7、own to us.6. 关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词用单数还是复数应由先行词决定。 The man who lives downstairs speaks English frequently. The students who are in Grade Three are going to climb the hill tomorrow. 7. 当先行词为the way 意为方式， 方法时，可用in which, that 引导， 也可省略。 I don't like the way he speaks to me. 8.嵌入式定语从句 有一种定语从句， 在其从句的主语

8、和谓语之间有一个插入语， 如 I think。这一 种从句叫做嵌入式定语从句。嵌入分句的谓语动词常常是 think, believe,guess, imagine，say,suppose 等。 He is the person who I think is honest.Exercises:1.My hometown is Weifang City, is famous for kites.A. where B. which C. when D. What2. Lily is the tallest girl in my class, the height of is two meters.A

9、. who B. whom C. whose D. which3. Andrew goes to a middle school, his father once worked.A. where B. which C. who D. when 4. She got the chance to take part in the competition , was her dream.A. where B. that C. because D. which 5. The man , is suitable for the position of sales manager, is my fathe

10、r.A. whom B. who C. which D. when6. I wrote a composition about Charlie Chaplin, films I had seen many years before.A. who B. whose C. whom D. which7. At last the time came, I achieved my goal.A. what B. that C. which D. when8. He was among the first to arrive at the finish line, surprised us all .A

11、. where B. which C. that D. when9. Beijing, there are a lot of interesting places, is the capital of China.A. which B. that C. where D. what 10. everyone knows , China is a country with a long history .A. As B. Which C. That D. Who11. Huangshan , has too many visitors every year , now has pollution

12、problems.A. that B. which C. where D. as 12. I still remember the days I spent in Dalian.A. when B. that C. as D. what13. This factory has 5,000 workers, 4,000 of are men .A. whom B. which C. that D. when14. He went to America in 1912 , he was admitted into Harvard University .A. which B. when C. wh

13、o D. that15. Mark was quickly sent to hospital , doctors examined his heart .A. which B. when C. that D. where16. I have bought the same dress she is wearing.A. as B. that C. which D. than 17. He has two sons , work as chemists .A. two of whom B. both of whom C. both of which D. all of whom18. Mr. W

14、u , everybody likes , is going to give us a talk on chemistry .A. whom B. that C. which D. /19. This is Mr. Smith , I think has something interesting to tell us .A. who B. whom C. which D. /20. He is a man of great experience , much can be learned .A. who B. that C. from which D. from whom 21. is re

15、ported in the newspaper , talks between the two countries are making progress. A. It B. As C. That D. Which Question tags一、反意疑问句的构成主要有以下几种形式：1 肯定的陈述句+否定的省略问句。如：It rains cats and dogs outside , isnt it ? 2. 否定的陈述句+ 肯定的省略问句。如：He is not often late for school , is he?3. 祈使句+ 省略问句。如：Have a cup of tea , w

16、ill you?二、 反意疑问句的注意事项： 问句的人称、时态和数要与陈述部分一致，谓语要用与陈述部分的谓语相应的助动词、情态动词或动词be，have的适当形式。三、 反意疑问句的特殊情况1 陈述部分的主语是I，疑问部分要用arent I 。Im as tall as your sister, arent I ?2. 陈述部分的谓语动词是there be，疑问部分也用there be。There is a radio on the table , isnt there?3如果陈述部分的主语为everybody，someone，anyone，anybody, somebody，nobody，no

17、 one等不定代词时，其疑问部分的主语常用they。Everyone knows the answer , dont they?4陈述部分的主语是（1）指示代词this，that （2）不定代词 something, anything, nothing ,everything (3) 从句，动名词和不定式 这以上三种时，疑问句的主语部分用it。This is very important， isnt it？Something is wrong with my computer, isnt it?Skating is your favorite sport , isnt it?5 陈述部分的谓语

18、动词为used to 时，其疑问部分的谓语动词可用didnt+主语或use(d)nt +主语。He used to live in London, didnt he?/ use(d)nt he?4. 陈述部分的谓语动词为have（has）to / had to时，其疑问部分的谓语动词通常用do的适当形式。We have to get up at four tomorrow, dont we?They had to leave early, didnt they?7. 陈述部分谓语动词出现否定词缀时， 疑问部分仍用否定结构。 The man is dishonest，isnt he ?8. 如果

19、陈述部分包含有neither, no, never, hardly, seldom, few, little, nowhere, nothing, rarely, nobody , no one 等否定词或半否定词，疑问部分用肯定形式。 He has never been to Europe, has he?9. 当陈述部分有dare或need时，若 dare 和need为实义动词，疑问部分的谓语要用do 的适当形式， 若dare和need为情态动词，疑问部分要用dare或need构成。 We need to do it , dont we? We need do it, needt we?

20、You dont dare to go there , do you? You darent go there, dare you?10. 陈述部分有must的疑问句， 若前句部分强调对现在情况的推测，疑问部分用 arent（isnt）+主语。 如：You must be very tired， arent you?He must be a doctor, isnt he?若前句部分是must have done 时，如果有过去时间状语，疑问部分的谓语动词用didnt +主语， 若没有用havent (hasnt)+主语。He must have met her yesterday, didn

21、t he?You must have seen the film , havent you?11. 陈述部分如果是I (We) dont think (believe, suppose, expect.)+宾语从句时，疑问部分的动词和主语应和宾语从句中的动词和主语保持一致，并且要用肯定形式。如：I dont think he can finish the work , can he?I dont believe she knows it, does she?I think that he has done his best, hasnt he?You dont think he can fin

22、ish the work , do you?They said that you had finished your work , didnt they?12. 注意下面两个句子：He has supper at home every day, doesnt he?They have known the matter, havent they?13. 感叹句的反意疑问句一律用否定式， 并用be的一般现在时。What a lovely day , isnt it?14. 在祈使句中，反意疑问句部分一般用will you.以Lets 开头的祈使句，后用shall we? 以Let us 开头的祈使

23、句，后用will you? 以Let me 开头的祈使句，后用shall I ?或will you? Dont move the chair, will you? Give me some drinks, will you? Let s watch a movie tonight , shall we?Exercises:一、用反意疑问句完成句子1It was very cold yesterday, ?2. John can make dumplings, ?3. Alice works in a supermarket, ?4. Betty seldom goes out at night

24、, ?5. Its so hot. You wont go there by bike, ?6. Linda went to see the doctor yesterday, ?7. many roses in the garden, arent there?8. Lets go to Doras birthday party together tomorrow, ?9. That woman doctor is a little bit unfair, ?10. Helen wasnt telling the truth, ?11.Usually after an exam, we hav

25、e to wait for a week or two for the result of the exam, ?12. Everyone is having a good time at the English party, ? I can see people singing, dancing and hear them laughing happily .13. Give me a hand , ? If everybody here donates one yuan, these children in the faraway village may return to school

26、earlier .14. I suppose you know everything , ? Do you mind telling me something about the new programme?15. The party wont get going at seven, ? It seems that they are waiting for someone important.16. Nobody saw the accident, ?17. Todays weather isnt as cold as it was yesterday, ? I dont think I ha

27、ve to wear my coat again.18. He has taken his medicine, ? At least, this bottle is empty .19. No one was hurt in that car accident , ? But most people were frightened to death and said that it was really a nightware .20. Mary and her parents went dancing just now , ?21. She never seems to care what

28、she wears , ?二、单项填空 1. He hurt his leg when playing football. He is very unlucky, he?A. is B. didnt C. isnt D. does2. John is a diligent student who spends most of his time studying , he?A. hadnt B. had C. does D. isnt3.Tom: They dont answer the phone when I call . John: There isnt any one at home t

29、hen, .A. isnt there B. is there C. is it D. does it4. It seldom snows in winter in Shanghai, ? A. doesnt it B. isnt it C. is it D. does it5. She has already made plans for the summer holidays , ?A. hasnt she B. isnt she C. doesnt she D. hadnt it 6. Mother loves reading . She never spends time watchi

30、ng TV, ?A. does she B. will she C. have she D. doesnt she7. This is the first time that she has been to the United States, ?A. isnt she B. isnt it C. hasnt she D. hasnt it8. I dont think he is right , ?A. do I B. dont I C. is he D. isnt he 9. We have to answer all the emails this week, ? A. hadnt we

31、 B. did we C. havent we D. dont we10. Thats the school you went to as a middle school student, ?A. isnt it B. is that C. isnt that D. is it 11. Your brother has lunch at home, ?A. hasnt he B. doesnt he C. has he D. does he12. Your brother needs to go to the station a little earlier, ?A. neednt he B.

32、 need he C. doesnt he D. does he 13. Everyone is having a nice time at Susans birthday party, ?A. arent they B. does he C. isnt everyone D. is he 14. Jack used to go fishing in the park , ?A. should we B. didnt he C. did he D. used he15. She dislikes this skirt, ?A. doesnt she B. does she C . isnt she D. is she16. I told you that you shouldnt waste your time playing the computer games, ?A. didnt I B. did I C. should you D. shouldnt you17. There isnt going to be a volleyball match next week , ?A. is i