人教版八年级下册英语第八单元知识点复习及练习

1、用本单元所学单词或短语的适当形式完成短文。Mike is a Chinese boy. He likes reading 1(science fiction)verymuch. When he reads it, he can't 2 (put it down) He has read it3 (ever since)five years ago. He wants to be a writer when he 4(grow up) Last Friday night ， he had a dream. In the dream he 5(go abroad)by plane.Unlu

2、ckily, the plane stopped working during the trip.The captain said to all the passengers ，“6(hurry up), or you7(lose one's life) ” Mike flew into the sky with the power of a magic stick and landed safely. Then he found a big box. It was 8(fullof)treasure ， and the treasure 9(belong to)him then. H

3、ewas so happythat he woke up ， and felt very tired.根据汉语意思完成句子1 我已经吃过早餐了。Ialreadymy breakfast.2他以前读过那本书。He that book before.3我朋友还未离开。My friendyet.4我还没有找到丢失的钥匙。Ithe lost keys.5你决定要去哪里了吗？you where to go?二、知识梳理1、 Have you read Little Women yet ？ 你已经读过小妇人了吗？( 1)本句时态是现在完成时，其结构为“助动词 have/ has 动词的过去分词”，表示相对

4、于现在来说已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。eg： I have watered the plants already. 我已经给那些植物浇了水。( 2) yet 为副词，意为“还；已经”，多用于否定句和疑问句，通常放在句末。 not yet 的意思是“尚未；还没有”，它常用于否定回答。 eg： I haven't done it yet. 我还没有做它呢。 Have you read the new book that you bought yesterday ？ 你已经读了你昨天买的新书了吗？ Not yet. 还没有。2、 put down 放下（ 1） put down 放

5、下eg： Don't put up your hands. Please put them down. 你们不要举手，请放下。（ 2） can't put sth. down 意为“对某物爱不释手” 。eg： It is an interesting book and he can't put it down. 它是一本有趣的书，他对它爱不释手。（ 3） put down 还意为“写下，记下” ，等于 write down 。eg： Let me put down your telephone number.让我记下你的电话号码。注意： put. down 为 “动词副

6、词” 型短语， 宾语若为代词， 应放在 put 与 down 中间。拓展： put 的相关短语：put away 收起来 put off 推迟put on 穿上put up 张贴3、 hurry up 赶快；急忙（做某事）eg： Hurry up ， or you will be late. 快点，否则你会迟到的。难点：与 hurry 相关的短语：（1） hurry off/away 意为“匆匆离去” 。eg： Miss Zhao hurried off to look after the man.赵老师匆匆赶去照看那个人。（2） hurry into 意为“匆忙进入” 。eg： Her pa

7、rents are trying to hurry her into marriage. 她的父母设法催她快点结婚。（3） hurry out 意为“匆忙出去” 。eg： The man hurried out of the car before reporters could speak to him.记者们还未来得及与他交谈，这个男人就匆匆离开了汽车。（4） in a hurry 意为“匆忙地” 。eg： （乐山中考） Heleft homein a hurry and forgot to turn off the light this morning.今天上午他匆忙离开家，忘记关灯了。读

8、书报告两周后必须交。4、 The book report is due in two weeks.(1) due此处作形容词，“预期；预定；预计”，后面引出预期的时间、地点等。eg： Her baby is due next month. 她的宝宝预计在下个月出生。Our plane is due at Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport at 12： 30. 我们的飞机预计于 12： 30 降落在上海虹桥国际机场。拓展： be due to do sth. 意为“预期做某事”eg： The meeting is due to start at 3：

9、 30. 会议预定 3:30 开始。(2) in two weeks 意为“两周之后”。“in +一段时间”表示“在以后”,常用在一般将来时的句子中。对此提问用 how soon。eg： He will be back in a week. 一周之后，他将回来。注意： “ after 一段时间”常用在一般过去时的句子中。eg： He got to Beijing after two hours.他是两个小时后抵达北京的。5、 lose one's life 丧生lose one's life 相当于动词die 。 life 意为“性命” ，属可数名词，在数上要与one'

10、s一致。eg： The Greens lost their lives in the car accident.格林一家人在那次车祸中丧生了。拓展：life泛指一般意义的“生活”时，为不可数名词。eg： Our life is getting better and better. 我们的生活变得越来越好。 life 表示某种方式的“生活”时，常用单数形式。eg： We are living a happy life. 我们过着幸福的生活。6、 else /els/ adv. 另外的，其他的else 为副词，常用在who， whose ， what 等疑问代词及when， where 等疑问副词

11、之后；也放在以 -one ， -body ， -thing ， -place ， -where 结尾的复合不定代词 / 副词之后。eg： Would you like something else to drink ？ 你还想喝点别的什么吗？拓展： other 为形容词，意为“别的；其他的” ，常放在名词之前作定语。也可用作代词，表示“其他的人或物” 。eg： What's that in your other hand ？ 你的另一只手里拿着什么？Other people may not think that way.别人可能不那样想。7、Onethe other. (两者中的)一个

12、另一个eg： I have two brothers. One is a doctor ； the othe r is a teacher.我有两个哥哥。一个是医生，另一个是教师。拓展：somethe others用于三者或三者以上，意为“一些其余的”eg: Boys are on the playground. Someare playing basketball , the others are playing football.男孩们在操场上。一些正在打篮球，其余的正在踢足球。8、 towards prep.朝；向；对着辨析for , to 与 towards for常用在 leave

13、, start 后， They'll leave for Xi'an表示运动的方向或目的to travel.他们要去西安地。旅游。toST go, come, return , move等词后，表示目的 地。When will you come to our school ?你将什么时候来我们学校？例题：In a basketballmatch , players move towards意为“朝；向”，只说明 运动方向，无“到达”之后、。She was walking towards the town. 她正在镇上走 去。(朝，向)one endof the court wh

14、ile throwing the ball to each other.9、can't wait to do sth.迫不及待地做某事eg: Bill couldn't wait to open his present.比尔迫不及待地打开他的礼物。拓展：(1) can't help doing sth.意为“情不自禁地做某事”。eg: He could not help laughing.他忍不住笑了 起来。(2) can't stand doing sth. 意为“不能容忍做某事”。eg: I can't stand waiting for such

15、a long time.我不能容忍等这么久。can't stop doing sth. 意为“不能停止做某事”。eg: The boy couldn't stop crying when he heard the bad news.当他听到这个坏消息时，这个男孩不停地哭起来。10、make sb. do sth.使某人做某事make意为“使变得；促使；迫使”,是使役动词，常见结构：(1) make sb. do sth. 意为“使某人做某事”。eg: The news made my father feel sad.这个消息使我的爸爸感至4伤心。(2) make +名词/代词+

16、形容词，意为“使处于某种状态”。eg： He always makes us happy.他总是使我们快乐。(3) make作动词，还可意为“制订；做”他会做飞机模型eg： He can make a model plane.拓展：make的相关短语：make mone娜钱make the bed 铺床，整理床铺make a mistake 犯错误make friends with 与交朋友make a decision 作出决定 make sure 确信make fun of 取笑11、come to逐渐；开始cometo相当于begin/get to,后面跟动词原形，其后常跟的动词有：li

17、ke , understand , realize , see , know 等。eg： I came to like her.我逐渐喜欢上她了。I came to understand his love.我开始理解他的爱。拓展：come to do意为“来做（从事）某事”。eg: Excuse me, would you like to come to help me with my English ?打扰了，你愿意来帮助我学英语吗？We hope you'll come to do business with us. 我们希望你们来与我们做生意。12、ever since 自从ev

18、er since 相当于since , ever起强调作用，其后可接短语或句子。接句子时，从句用 一般过去时，主句用现在完成时。eg: I haven't heard from him ever since last year.自去年以来我就未曾收至U过他的信。拓展：ever since 可单独使用，放于旬末。eg： He fell 川 at Christmas and has been 川 ever since.他在圣诞节生病了，止匕后就一直不适。13、辨析such as 与 for examplesuch?as列举整体之中的部分同类人或事物 作例。其后没有逗号，直接加所列举的内容。

19、拓列举整体之中的 位置可以在句首、展：for?example一个为例，在旬十+多用作插入语，用逗号与其前内谷隔开, 句中或句末。lik常用来表示举例，可与such as互换。但such as用于举例可以分开使用，此时不可与like 互换。eg: Somewarm-blooded animals , like/such as the cat , the dog and the wolf , do not need to hibernate.一些温血动物，像猫、狗和狼都不需要冬眠。He has several such reference books as dictionaries and han

20、dbooks.他有几本像字典、手册之类的参考书。Tom for example , is my good friend. 例如，汤姆是我的好朋友。I have some good friends , such as Tom, Kate and Wang Bin.我有些好朋友， 例如汤姆、凯特和王斌。例题：I have lots of hobbies , playing table tennis , playing footballand playing basketball.A. such asB. namely C. that is D. for example14、belong v. 属于

21、；归属eg: I used to belong to a youth club.我曾是一个青年俱乐部的成员。belong to 意为“属于，为所拥有" 。belong to 不能用于被动语态，也不能用于进行时态。eg: The fantastic world surely belongsto young people and the future.这个神奇的世界肯定属于年轻人和未来。注意：belong to中的to是介词，后接名词或人称代词的宾格形式，不能接名词性物主代 词或名词所有格。eg: The bike belongs to my mother.这辆自行车属于我妈妈。This

22、 classroom belongs to us.这间教室属于我们。15、one another 互相英语中表示“相互”的词组有两个，即 one another和each other。二者都是“相互，互相”之意，通常作宾语，不能作主语，可通用。eg: They looked at each other/one another.他们彼止匕对视。拓展：each other和one another都有其所有格，即可在其后加“ seg: The students borrowed each other's notes.学生们苴借笔记。例题： They put the food into bag

23、s.A. each other B. each other's C. one other's D. one another注意：one after another是一个常用短语，表示“一个接一个”。eg: They left the room one after another.他4个接个地离开了这个房间。16、have/has been to 去过“have/has been to +某地”意为“去过某地（已经回来）”，当表地点的词为副词时，则 省略to。eg: I have been to Beijing Zoo.我去过北京动物园。He hasn't been th

24、ere before.他以前没去过那儿。拓展：“have/has gone to +某地”意为“去某地了（尚未回来）”。eg: Where is Tom? 汤姆在哪儿？ He has gone to the library.他去图书馆了。17、famous adj. 着名的；出名的famous ( = well known ),常见的搭配：be?famous?as.作为一出名Bruce?Lee?is?famous?asn?actor.李小龙作为演员而出名。be?famous?for因为出名Lang?Lang?is?famous?for?playing?the?piano.郎朗因为弹钢琴 出名。

25、be?famous?in.在出名Liu?Qian? is?famous?in?China?now.刘谦现在在中国很出名。be?famous?to为？所熟知The?programme?is?famous?to?many?young?people.许多年轻人 都熟悉这档节目。语法现在完成时（一）现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，也可以表示从过去某一时间开始，一直持续到现在的动作或状态。 常与already （已经），just （刚刚），ever （曾经）， never （从不）,before （以前）,yet （仍然）等连用。（1）现在完成时的结构启7E句主语+ have/has

26、+动词的过去分词+其他 .eg:?I?have?already?finished?my?homework.?我已经完成了我的作业。否定句主语+ have/has+ not+动词的过去分词+其他.eg:?I?have?not?heard?from?him?yet.我还没收到他的来信。一般疑问 句和简略Have/Has +主语+动词的过去分词+其他？回答Yes,主语+ have/has.No,主语+ have/has?not.Eg:? Have?you?ever?been?to?Beijing?你过d匕乐吗？?_Yes, I?have.是的，我去过。/No, I?haven't.不，我没去

27、过。(2) already 与 yet在现在完成时中的用法sisterYes.Has yourfinishedreadingShehasalready?adv.已经；早 已通常用于 肯定句中，一般用于have/has后， 实义动词前，也有放在句尾的情况。I?have?already?had?breakfast 我已经 吃过早饭了。A.yetyet?adv.还；已经用于否定句和疑问句 中，一般用在句末。I?haven't?done?my?homework?yet.；我还没有做作业。yetfinished it.B.yet ； already C. already ； yet(3) 一般过

28、去时与现在完成时的区别1、般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情。现在完成时强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。eg: I saw this film yesterday.我昨天看了这部电影。I have seen this film.这部电影我已经看过了。2、般过去时常与具体的表示过去的时间状语(如：yesterday , last week, threedaysago, in 1990等)连用；现在完成时不与表示明确的过去的时间状语连用，但可以与inthe past.years/weeks ,so far等时间状语连用oeg: Tomwrote a letter to his

29、 parentslast night .昨晚汤姆给他父母写了一封信。The weather has been so hot so farthis summer. 到目前为止，今年夏天天气一直很热。三、典例精析Hurry up ! The movie will beginA.overB. in10 minutes.C. forD. at【点拨】本题用语法判定法。句意: 表示“一段时间以后”。The meeting is on the 22nd. 赶快！电影将会在10分钟之后开始。“in +一段时间”itin your diary.A. Cut ; down B. Look ； down C. T

30、urn ； down D. Put ; down 【点拨】本题用短语辨析法。cut down砍倒；look down往下看；turn down调低；put down 记下。If you do things , usually you can't do them well.A. in a hurryB. from now on C. just now D.at once【点拨】in a hurry 匆忙，仓促；from now on 从现在起；just now 刚刚；at once 立 刻，马上，句意：如果你做事很匆忙，你通常是做不好的。My family has two dogs. O

31、ne is white ； is black.A.otherB. anotherC. the otherD. others【点拨】根据上句“我家有两只狗。”可以推测下旬应为“一只狗是白色的，另一只狗是 黑色的。” one.the other.意为“(两者中的)一个另一个” 。C项符合结构及句意。Myparents said they would cometo visit me. I couldn't to see them after several months away from home.A. wait B. HelpC. expect D. afford【点拨】本题用固定短语法

32、。wait等待；help帮助；expect期待；afford提供。句意： 我父母说他们要来看我。离开家几个月了，我迫不及待地要见到他们。短语can't wait to do sth.迫不及待做某事。How time flies ! We should show love for our parents and make them how much they mean to us.A. to knowB. knowing C. knew D. know【点拨】本题用固定短语法。句意：时间过得真快啊！我们应该向我们的父母表达我们的 爱，并且让他们知道他们对我们是多么重要。 make sb.

33、do sth.使某人做某事。I met Lucy in primary school and we have been close friends.A. as usualB. again and againC. sooner or later D. ever since【点拨】 as usual 和往常样； again and again 次又次； sooner or later 迟早； ever since 自之后。句意：我在小学的时候遇见了露西，自从那之后我们一直是亲密的朋友。The American warships (军舰)have appeared near South China

34、SeaIslands again.We must let the Americans know clearly that the islandsChina.A. come from B. belong to C. care about D. believe in【点拨】本题用短语辨析法。comefrom来自；belong to属于；care about在乎；believe in相信。句意：一一美国军舰再次出现在中国南海岛屿附近。 一一我们必须让美国人清楚 地知道这些岛屿属于中国。Monica, you the exam! Congratulation !A. pass B. have pass

35、ed C. will pass D. are passing【点拨】本题用语境判断法。由Congratulation !可知是已经通过考试了，对现在的影响， 用现在完成时。四、课堂巩固：用所给单词的适当形式填空。1. What did you see Jim doing? I saw him(swim) in the river.2. you(visit)the art museum yet?3. The match makes me(feel) excited.4. She(practice)the piano ever since.5. We decided(plant)some tree

36、s on the hill near our town.五、课后练习动词应用阅读下面短文，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词或情态动词One day, I took my daughter to the park.As soon as we got there, my daughter1 .(run) to the swing 秋千)and asked for a push.When I was helping my daughter, I noticed another girl trying to make her own swing 2.(go) high by hersel

37、f.Her old grandmother was sitting on the chair nearby and smiling at us. Gradually, my daughter 3.(push) higher and higher by me.Then I walked towards the little girl.I asked if I 4.(give) a big push to her.She smiled and said . For the nexrtesour, I pushed the swings, and played with my daughter an

38、d the little girl.When we went home, I 5.(be) tired but very happy.One day two years later, after a day's work, I went to pick up my daughter before going home.While I 6.(wait) outside the school gate, a little girl smiled sweetly at me and gave me a big hug.As I watched her 7.(run) away, I real

39、ized that she was the girl whom I gave a big push in the park.So far, I 8.(not forget) her sweet smile and the warm hug that she gave me.In fact, if we give love to others, love 9.(find) its way back to us.It may travel from heart to heart or it may blossom (开花)in the heart.The love we share, the ki

40、ndness we 10.(give), and the happiness we create will come back to us with a pleasant surprise.阅读理解I think that a great friend is a great artist who can change my feeling about life greatly.When I talk about the person who influenced me mos tI must think of my best friend quickly.When I was in my un

41、iversity, one of my classmates sat beside me.His name is Wang Tao.He is my unforgettable friend in my life.He is good at study and handsome.Everyone knows that he is a genius 点才)of my university.He is kind-hearted and is always ready to help others.But he doesn't like others to praise him, becau

42、se he thinks what he did is common.There is an old saying: A friend in need is a friend indeed.Wang Tao sets a good example in many parts of my life.I remembered that my mathematics was mediocre at that time, but he was excellent in solving mathematics questions.He often received high scores.Of course, I wished I could reach his level.When we talked all day long, he was patient and polite to answer my mathematics q