小学英语语法复习要点

1、小学英语语法复习要点（一）名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词有单复数，不可数名词没有复数。一、不可数名词：小学英语常见不可数名词有：1、集合名词：food, fruit, money, traffic.2、液态物质：water, coffee, tea, milk, soup.3、固态物质：ice, butter, meat, glass, paper, wood, cotton, wool.4、气态物质：vapour， air, smoke.5、颗粒物质：rice, chalk, gress, hair, peper, salt, sand, suger, wheat, flour, c

2、orn.6、抽象名词：beauty, fun, health, help, luck, sleep, time, news, homework, work7、语言：Chinese， English, 8、科学领域：mathematice, science.9、球类：football, basketball, baseball, soccer, chess, table tennis, tennis你还知道我们学过的不可数名词还有： 二、名词复数规则（同第三人称单数后动词+s或+ es的变化一样）1一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed

3、-beds-2以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches-3以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries-4以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives leaf-leaves life-lives-5. 以o结尾，有些+es,如：potato-potatoes, tomato-tomatoes, hero-heroes- 有些+s, 如：zoo-zoos, vidio-

4、vidios, photo-photos, piano-pianos-6不规则名词复数：如：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice, child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, ox-oxen goose-geese -有些不规则名词本身就是复数：如：people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese， police-police7.单复数同形：deer, fish, sh

5、eep-还有更特殊的吗？请举例说明。-三、名词复数发音规则: （同第三人称单数后动词+s或+ es的发音规则一样）1、在/p/ /t/ /k/ /f/等清辅音后发/ s /， - 2、在/s/, /z/,/,/t/, /d/等 s,x,sh,ch,后发/ iz / - 3、浊辅音和元音后发/ z /,- 四、量词。与可数名词连用的数量词有：many, one, each, every, both, a few, , several与不可数名词连用的数量 词有：much, a little, a great deal of. 与可数名词和不可数名词都可以连用的数量词有：some， not any

6、 / no, a lot of, lots of, most, all.五、some，any 的用法：some 和any 都是一些的意思，但some只用在肯定句，any用在疑问句和否定句。例如：There are some magazine on the table. 桌子上有一些杂志。 There are not any magazine on the table. 桌子上没有一些杂志。Are there any magazine on the table?桌子上有一些杂志吗？你肯定能说出更好的例子，写下来吧！最好不是用上面例子中的there be句型。-六、名词所有格。1、 名词加s A、

7、单数名词词尾加s， 复数名词词尾如没有s, 也要加s。 例如: This is Zhang Pengs friend. 这是张鹏的朋友。 Mikes knife is on the desk. 麦克的刀在课桌上。 Happy Childrens Day! 儿童节快乐！- B、 表示几个人共有一样东西，只需在最后一人的名字后加s. 如果表示各自所有，则需在各自名字后加s. 例如：This is Tom and Jasons room. 这是汤姆和杰森共有的房间。These are Toms and Jasons room. 这些是汤姆和杰森各自的房间。- C、若名词已有复数词尾-s, 只加。 例

8、如：the teachers reading room. 老师的阅览室。-2、名词 + of + 名词 名词如果是无生命的，我们就要用名词 + of + 名词 的结构来表示所有关系。 例如：the classroom of Class One and Grale Six. 601班的教室。 This is a picture of my family. 这是我的一张家庭照片。注意： 、 在表示名词所有格时，s结构可以转换成of结构。例如：The girls name is Lily. The name of the girl is Lily. 这个女孩的名字叫李丽。He is my fathe

9、rs friend. He is a friend of my father. 他是我父亲的朋友。 、 有些表示时间、距离、国家、城市等无生命的东西的名词，也可以加s。例如：Beijings street 北京的街道 todays newspaper 今天的报纸一句话记名词所有格的构成分式和用法The children's teacher asked a friend of Tom's to bring him some students' books on the first day of the month.总复习练习 （一 ） 班级 姓名 写出下列各词的复数 I

10、_him _this _her _watch _child _photo _diary _day_ foot_ book_ dress _tooth_ sheep _box_ strawberry _thief _yo-yo _ peach_ sandwich _man_ woman_ paper_ juice_water_ milk_ rice_ tea_二、一般现在时一般现在时基本用法介绍 【No. 1】一般现在时的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每

11、天六点起床。3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。一般现在时的构成1. be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：We study English.我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。一般现在时的变化1. be动词的变化。否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。如：He is not a

12、worker.他不是工人。一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike?2.行为动词的变化。否定句：主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其它)。如：I don't like bread.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否定句。如：He doesn't often play.一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。如：- Do you often

13、play football?- Yes, I do. / No, I don't.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如：- Does she go to work by bike?- Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：How does your father go to work?动词+s的变化规则1一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks2以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-w

14、atches, go-goes3以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies一般现在时用法专练:一、 写出下列动词的第三人称单数 drink _ go _ stay _ make _look _ have_ pass_  carry _come_  watch_ plant_ fly _study_ brush_ do_  teach_二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1. He often _(have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Clas

15、s One.3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. _ they _(like) the World Cup?6. What _they often _(do) on Saturdays?7. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every day?8. The girl _(teach) us English on Sundays.9. She and I _(take) a walk together every evening.10. There _

16、(be) some water in the bottle.11. Mike _(like) cooking.12. They _(have) the same hobby.13. My aunt _look) after her baby carefully.14. You always _ (do) your homework well.15. I _ (be) ill. Im staying in bed.16. She _ (go) to school from Monday to Friday.17. Liu Tao _ (do) not like PE.18. The child

17、often _ (watch) TV in the evening.19. Su Hai and Su Yang _ (have) eight lessons this term.20.  What day _(be) it today? Its Saturday.三、按照要求改写句子1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句)_2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)_3. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答)_ 4. Amy likes playi

18、ng computer games.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)_5. We go to school every morning.(改为否定句)_6. He speaks English very well.(改为否定句)_7. I like taking photos in the park.(对划线部分提问)_8. John comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问)_9. She is always a good student.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)_10. Simon and Daniel like going skating.(改为否定句)_五、改错(划出错

19、误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)1. Is  your brother speak English?      _2. Does he likes going fishing?         _3. He likes play games after class.     _4. Mr. Wu teachs us English.            _5. She

20、 dont do her homework on Sundays._三、现在进行时1现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.3现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。4现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。5现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词不达意 + be + 主语 + 动词ing?  但疑问词当主语时其结构为： 疑问词不达意 + be + 动词ing?动词加ing的变化规则1一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking2以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：

21、make-making, taste-tasting3如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping现在进行时专项练习：一、写出下列动词的现在分词：play_ run_ swim _make_go_ like_  write_ _ski_ read_ have_ sing  _ dance_put_ see_ buy _ love_ live_ take_ come _  get_stop_ sit _ begin_ shop_二、用所给的动词的正确形式填

22、空：1.The boy _ ( draw)a picture now.2. Listen .Some girls _ ( sing)in the classroom .3. My mother _ ( cook )some nice food  now.4. What _ you _ ( do ) now?5. Look . They _( have) an English lesson .6.They _(not ,water) the flowers now.7.Look! the girls _(dance )in the classroom .8.What is o

23、ur granddaughter doing? She _(listen ) to music.  9. Its  5  oclock now. We _(have)supper now10._Helen_(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .三、句型转换：1. They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)_2The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)_3Im playing the football

24、 in the playground .(对划线部分进行提问)_4Tom is reading books in his study . (对划线部分进行提问)_四、将来时理论及练习一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。 二、基本结构：be going to + do；will+ do. 三、否定句：在be动词（am, is, are）l后加not或情态动词will后加not成wont。例如：Im g

25、oing to have a picnic this afternoon. Im not going to have a picnic this afternoon.四、一般疑问句： be或will提到句首，some改为any, and改为or，第一二人称互换。例如：We are going to go on an outing this weekend. Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?五、对划线部分提问。一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。1.  问人。Who 例如：Im going to New Yo

26、rk soon. Whos going to New York soon.2.   问干什么。What do.例如： My father is going to watch a race with me this   afternoon. What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.3.  问什么时候。When.例如：Shes going to go to bed at nine. When is she going    to bed?六、同义句

27、：be going to = willI am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. = I will go swimming tomorrow. 练习：填空。1.  我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends.I _ have a picnic with my friends.2.  下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。What _ _ _ _ _ next Monday? I _ _ _ play basketball.What _ you do next Mo

28、nday? I _ play basketball.3.        你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。_ your mother _ _ go shopping this _?Yes, she _. She _ _ _ buy some fruit.4.        你们打算什么时候见面。What time _ you _ _ meet?改句子。5.  Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定） Nancy _

29、going to go camping.6.  Ill go and join them.（改否定） I _ go _ join them.7.  Im going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑问句） _ _ _ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?8. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改一般疑问句） _ _ meet at the bus stop at 10:30.9.  She is going to listen to

30、 music after school.（对划线部分提问） _ _ she _ _ _ after school?10.  My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上)_ _ going to see a play the day after tomorrow.用所给词的适当形式填空。11.        Today is a sunny day. We _ (have) a picnic this afternoo

31、n.12.        My brother _ (go) to Shanghai next week.13.        Tom often _(go) to school on foot. But today is rain. He _ (go) to school by bike.14.        What do you usually do at weekends? I usually _ (watc

32、h) TV and _(catch) insects? 15.        Its Friday today. What _she _ (do) this weekend? She _ (watch) TV and _ (catch) insects.16.        What _ (d0) you do last Sunday? I _ (pick) apples on a farm. What _ (do) next Sunday? I _ (milk) cows.

33、17.        Mary _ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.18.        Liu Tao _ (fly) kites in the playground yesterday.19.        David _ (give) a puppet show next Monday.20.        I _

34、(plan) for my study now.五、一般过去时1一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。2Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasnt）are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=werent）带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。3句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子   否定句：didnt +动词原形

35、，如：Jim didnt go home yesterday.   一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如：Did Jim go home yesterday?   特殊疑问句：疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？如：        What did Jim do yesterday?疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？如：Who went to home yesterday?动词过去式变化规则：1一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked2结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted3末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped4以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i， 再加-ed，如：study-studied5不规则动词过去式：am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-t