Unit 3 Knowing Yourself

1、Warming-upWarming-upQuestions for Discussion1.Describe your personality traits from a list of adjectives.2.Ask your close classmates to describe you from the same list. 3.Fill in the table. Known to yourself Not known to yourself Known to othersNotknown to othersJohari Window Model The Johari Window

2、, named after the first names of its inventors, Joseph Luft and Harry Ingham, is one of the most useful models for participants to find out about themselves through self-reflection and through feedback from others.Johari Window Model The Arena quadrant represents things that both I know about myself

3、, and that others know about me. The Faade (表面，外表面，外观观) quadrant represents things that I know about myself, that others do not know.Johari Window Model The Blind Spot quadrant represents things that others know about me, but that I am unaware of. The Unknown quadrant represents things that neither

4、I know about myself, nor others know about me. With the help of Johari Window Model, you have a rough idea of your personality traits. And you know what should be improved. If you would like to know more about your personality, you can take a personality test. red yellow green violetbrown grey blue

5、blackList your top three favorite colors Do you believe your preference for some specific colors may reflect your personality? Now lets listen to a passage to see if it is true of you. In general, people talk about two groups of colors: warm colors and cool colors. _think that there are also two gro

6、ups of people: people who prefer warm colors and people who prefer cool colors. Warm colors include red, orange, and yellow. Where there are warm colors and a lot of light, people usually want to be _. People think that red, for example, is exciting. _ people, those who like to be with others, like

7、red. Cool colors include green, blue, and violet. These colors, unlike warm colors, are _. Where there are cool colors, people are usually _. People who like to spend time alone often prefer blue. activeSociablerelaxingquietResearchersTest Your Personality（P78 Text B ）color personality Red YellowGre

8、enVioletBrownGreyBlueBlackimpulsive, sexy and having the will to win ambitious and eager to pleasepersistent, possessive and rather selfishimmature, living in a fantasy worldrestless and insecureunwilling to commit, choosing to be alonesensitive and easily hurtwilling to fight against fate MBTIMBTI职

9、业性格测试职业性格测试( (性格中的优势和劣势性格中的优势和劣势, , 哪些职业正好匹配我的性格哪些职业正好匹配我的性格) )http:/ 外向外向(E) or Introversion 内向内向 (I)Sensing 触感触感(S) or Intuition直觉直觉(N)Thinking 思考思考(T) or Feeling情感情感(F) Judging 判断判断(J) or Perception知觉知觉(P) 乐嘉的性格色彩测试乐嘉的性格色彩测试 http:/ 性格色彩传道者性格色彩传道者立志将高深繁琐的心理学立志将高深繁琐的心理学理论化为大众实用工具理论化为大众实用工具 中国性格色彩研究

10、中心的创办人中国性格色彩研究中心的创办人Text A Personality DevelopmentText A Personality DevelopmentDirections: Choose the most suitable heading for each paragraph from the list below.Global Reading A) Intellectual traits of personalityB) Environment influence on personalityC) Emotional traits of personalityD) What is

11、personalityE) Three elements of personalityF) Two influences on personalityG) A good time for personalityadjustment adolescenceH) Personality can be adjustedI) Behavior reveals personalityJ) Social traits of personalityK) Personalities are not simpleL) Heredity influences personality123456789101112P

12、icture Describing What makes these people different from each other? Its their color, gender (Read para 1 to get more information) shape & size: different looks and figures More importantly, their distinctive personality. 1 People come in all shapes and sizes. They also come with distinctive per

13、sonalities. The combination of characteristics that makes you different from every other person is your personality.Personality Development你的个性就是你与其他人不同之处的综合特征。你的个性就是你与其他人不同之处的综合特征。Word Study characteristic 1. n. a special and easily recognized quality of sb. or sth. Arrogance is one of his less att

14、ractive characteristics._(骆驼骆驼的一个特征）的一个特征） is its ability to live for a long time without water.A characteristic of the camel Word Study characteristic 2. adj. typical; representing a persons or things usual character Larry, with characteristic generosity, invited us all back to his house.本性慷慨大方的拉里邀

15、请我们所有人回本性慷慨大方的拉里邀请我们所有人回到他家去。到他家去。 Earth buildings are characteristic of the local architecture. cf: characteristic, personalitycharacteristic 常指有代表性的一个侧面，常指有代表性的一个侧面，作为能帮助突出人或东西的特征作为能帮助突出人或东西的特征 Longevity is an inheritable characteristic.personality 偏重指一个人表现出来的无法偏重指一个人表现出来的无法明确阐述的整个情绪方面的特点明确阐述的整个情绪

16、方面的特点 (个人聚集的品质、行为、脾气、情绪和个人聚集的品质、行为、脾气、情绪和精神的性格模式精神的性格模式)cf: character, featurecharacter 品格，侧重人格、品质，特指道品格，侧重人格、品质，特指道义方面的邪、正、强、弱等，也可笼统义方面的邪、正、强、弱等，也可笼统表示性格全貌。表示性格全貌。 You can read a guys character at the first glance.feature 通常指外貌的特征或特别的、附加通常指外貌的特征或特别的、附加的、有吸引力的东西。的、有吸引力的东西。 An aquiline (鹰的鹰的) nose wa

17、s her best feature. 2 Ones personality can be summed up in a word. People might say that Harry is shy; Tasha is aggressive; and Shannon is outgoing. Actually, personalities are more complex than this. A closer look at personalities will show you why they are not so simple, and you will also discover

18、 that your personality can be shaped if you make the effort.Is it the topic sentence of this paragraph?Can you find words that can describe a persons personality?句型提炼句型提炼 A closer look at仔细看，进一步观仔细看，进一步观察察While youre _, _ what you have done to your planet. 当你们有心情沉思当你们有心情沉思(in a mood)时，就时，就好好地看看你们对地球

19、犯下的罪孽。好好地看看你们对地球犯下的罪孽。运用运用in a reflective mooda closer look at take 3 A persons personality is composed of many elements. These elements, in general, fall into three categories emotional, social, and intellectual.Para. 3 Topic Sentence? Clues?compose (v.)1. make up (sth.) ; form (sth.) England, Scot

20、land, and Wales compose the island of Great Britain. The committee was composed mainly of teachers and parents.2. write sth., especially a piece of music or poetry He plays the piano beautifully, and he composes his own music.CF: compose, make upconstitute & consistHint: （主语）部分（主语）部分/整体整体 Englan

21、d, Scotland, and Wales compose the island of Great Britain. Water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen. Women make up only 30% of the workforce. Seven days constitute a week. Our dinner consists of three courses only.CF: compose, make upconstitute & consistA, B, (部分部分) compose/make up/form/constit

22、ue C (整体整体) compose的主语表示事物的组成部分，的主语表示事物的组成部分，宾语表示事物的整体。但在被动语态中宾语表示事物的整体。但在被动语态中正好相反。正好相反。A (整体整体) consist of/ be composed of/ be made up of B,C, D (部分部分) Para 4 Underline all the signal words in para 44 Every person feels the same basic emotions, such as fear, happiness, anxiety and pain, yet each r

23、esponds to them individually. When Karas grandmother died, for example, her sorrow was expressed through tears. Another person might show the same kind of sorrow in a quiet, reflective way. Similarly, when you hear a piece of good news, you may jump up with joy and may immediately decide to throw a

24、party for your classmates and friends to share your happiness and joy; another person may just keep the good news to himself or herself and just enjoy the happiness secretly. As you observe how people handle their emotions, you start to form a picture of this part of their personality. Sum up the ex

25、amples with one sentence.What does “this part of their personality” mean?Emotional aspects of their personalityCritical Reading What do you usually do when you feel happy? What do you usually do when you feel sad?Useful Expressions in Para 4 respond to sth. jump up with joy throw a party keep to one

26、self form a picture of respond: v. 1. (vi.) to do sth. as a reaction to sth. that has been said or done = react Responding to the news, Mr Watt appealed for calm. I kicked the dog, which responded with a growl. 他对我的建议报以一笑。他对我的建议报以一笑。He _ my suggestion _.responded to with a laughrespond: v. 2. (vt./v

27、i.) to say or write sth. as a reply He responded that he didnt want to see anyone.Dave didnt respond to any of her emails.No one has yet responded to our complaints. CF: answer, reply & respond answer所回答的内容可能是表示同意、所回答的内容可能是表示同意、反对或提供有关情况，在较广泛的意义反对或提供有关情况，在较广泛的意义上可针对任何人所讲的话或所做的事作上可针对任何人所讲的话或所做的事作

28、出反应。出反应。 reply所回答的是所回答的是针对问题的陈述或声明针对问题的陈述或声明。 respond通常指对通常指对号召、指责、请求号召、指责、请求等等作出反应，也指一般作出反应，也指一般口头或书面的回答口头或书面的回答或对某人或对某人行动的反应行动的反应。Directions: Fill in the blanks with answer, reply, respond. Change the form where necessary.1. She _ that she would try to help him. 2. I asked him several questions, b

29、ut he never _. 3. Many young people _ heartily to the call of the government. 4. When Tom insulted him, he _ with a kick. 5. Our men _ to the enemys fire. 6. I knocked at the door, but nobody _.answeredrespondedrespondedrepliedansweredreplied 5 People are also different in how they relate to others.

30、 This reveals the social side of their personality, and there are plenty of variations. Some people prefer the company of others rather than being alone. We say they are sociable. Others are just the opposite. Most people want some combination of the two.Para. 5 Topic Sentence? What does “relate to”

31、 mean? have a certain relationship with What does “plenty of variations” mean? Word Study rather than He is a professor rather than a doctor. They were screaming rather than singing. I prefer to walk there rather than go by bus. 他们在尖叫，而不是在唱歌。他们在尖叫，而不是在唱歌。我宁可走路也不愿坐公共汽车去那儿。我宁可走路也不愿坐公共汽车去那儿。运用运用6 Intel

32、lectual traits are the third part of personality. These qualities are influenced by the mind and how it works. One person may prefer spending his spare time in deep thought. Another may be more creative. Jake, for example, often has people in his class laughing. He sees humor in almost everything an

33、d is able to express it in entertaining ways.Para. 6 Topic Sentence? What does “it” refer to? Word Studyhave sb. doing: 1. make sb. start doing sth. Within minutes he had the whole audience laughing and clapping. 2. persuade/order sb. to do sth. She had me doing all kinds of jobs for her.have sb. do

34、 sth. have sth. doneentertain 1. amuse and interestA teacher should entertain as well as teach.She entertained the children with stories, songs and drama. 2. provide food and drink (for) 招待；请客招待；请客 They entertained us to dinner last night.(n.) entertainment(n.) entertainer “专业表演者专业表演者”、“提供娱提供娱乐者乐者”(

35、adj.) entertaining “有趣的有趣的”、“使人娱乐使人娱乐的的”7 T h e e m o t i o n a l , s o c i a l , a n d intellectual traits of personality become apparent to others through behavior. Usually you need to get to know a person well enough before you can discover the full depth of that persons personality. How do you u

36、nderstand “the full depth of that persons personality”?路遥知马力，日久见人心。路遥知马力，日久见人心。通常你得先深入地了解一个人后才能发现他的通常你得先深入地了解一个人后才能发现他的性格特征。性格特征。 It means what the person is truly like.Can you find a traditional Chinese saying with a similar meaning to this sentence?Writing Skills - Paragraph Writing （说明文和议论文的段落结构）

37、（说明文和议论文的段落结构） Read Para.4-6 and sum up the main structure of these paragraphs. A topic sentence emotional, social, intellectual Examples (patterns?)for example, another (person) some others, one person another (person) Conclusion Topic sentence supporting sentences (examples) Concluding sentence Wr

38、iting Skills - Paragraph Writing （说明文和议论文的段落结构）（说明文和议论文的段落结构） 8 When you start thinking about what you are like, you may start wondering why you are that way. Explaining why personalities develop as they do is not easy. That is because two influences are at work: heredity and environment. And no one

39、 really knows which one has the greater effect. In fact, the combination of these influences may not be the same for every person.What is the function of the first sentence?For different people, the two influences at work have different effects on them in the process of personality development.What

40、does this sentence mean?Transitional sentence9 Heredity is one influence on personality. Heredity is the set of characteristics that you inherit from your parents and ancestors. “Hes just like his father,” Mrs. Miller always says about her son Todd, now 17. Since Todds father died when the boy was o

41、nly a year old, heredity explains the resemblances, for evidently, Todd has had no opportunity to learn these traits from his father. CF: characteristic, trait, charactercharacteristic 常指有代表性的一个侧面，常指有代表性的一个侧面，作为能帮助突出人或东西的特征作为能帮助突出人或东西的特征trait是专指人的是专指人的性格或心情的特征性格或心情的特征。 What do you feel is your stron

42、gest personality trait? Sincerity is a trait of true and noble manhood.Character are combinations or groupings of traits and characteristics that define how a person is.Word Study他很像他的父亲。他很像他的父亲。 Hes just like his father.like (prep.) Hes growing more like his father every day.resemblance - resemble(

43、v.) 与与 相似相似/类似类似 He closely resembles his father. Word Studylike (prep.) Her hair is dark brown like mine. Hes growing more like his father every day. 一个班级就像一个大家庭。一个班级就像一个大家庭。A class should be like a big family. 有时候你讲起话来像我妈哦。有时候你讲起话来像我妈哦。Sometimes you sound just like my mum!inherit: vt.1.derive (qua

44、lities, etc.) from an ancestor She inherited her mothers good looks and her fathers bad temper.2. receive sth. from sb. who has died or moved on Hes inherited a fortune from his rich uncle. The new administration inherited the economic problems of the last four years.继承财产承担（他人过去错误造成的问题）10 Other aspe

45、cts of personality are shaped by what goes on around a person. Environment the circumstances, objects, and conditions that surround people also has an impact on personality. This influence is very strong and very complicated. Home life, for example, affects childrens personalities as they grow. Peop

46、le who feel loved and secure are likely to develop more positive personality traits than those who are troubled as they grow up. That is why divorce is a harmful social practice that often exerts a negative effect on the growth of young children.environment, circumstance, conditions, surroundings比起那

47、些在烦恼的环境中长大的儿童，在充满比起那些在烦恼的环境中长大的儿童，在充满爱和安全感的家庭环境中成长的儿童具有更多爱和安全感的家庭环境中成长的儿童具有更多积极的性格特点。积极的性格特点。Word Study 对对有影响有影响have an influence/impact on influence(v.)exert an effect on sth.句型提炼句型提炼 exert an effect on sth.运用运用 Photography has exerted a profound influence on art in this century. A good teacher wil

48、l exert a positive effect on his /her students. 一位优秀的老师会对学生产生积极的影响。一位优秀的老师会对学生产生积极的影响。 11 Personalities make people interesting. How boring it would be if everyone had the same personality. On the other hand, some personalities are more pleasing than others. What about you? Are you satisfied with yo

49、ur personality? Or is there something even a small quality that you would like to change? Most people have at least some personality adjustments they would like to make.Para. 11 Topic Sentence? Most people would like to change some of their personality traits.What can be inferred from this sentence?

50、The majority of people are not satisfied with their personality. Therefore they want to make some adjustments to improve it.12 Adolescence is a time for personality development, and personality is developing right along with everything else. For young university students, shaping your personality as

51、 you want it to be may be easier now than later, for you are changing while you are learning. Think about the personality traits that you admire. Just as an athlete builds skills, you can build the personality you want to have, but only if you are determined to do so.Para. 12 Topic Sentence? 正如运动员培养

52、技能一样，你也能建立你想要正如运动员培养技能一样，你也能建立你想要有的个性，但一定要有决心才行。有的个性，但一定要有决心才行。What is the precondition for a person to build his/her personality?Theres no denying that as we age chronologically, our body ages right along with us. 句型提炼句型提炼 do sth. as you want to be运用运用 To get the results, you should picture yoursel

53、f - as vividly as possible -as you want to be. 要取得这些结果，你应该尽可能生动地描要取得这些结果，你应该尽可能生动地描绘出你理想中的形象。绘出你理想中的形象。 You can be as good as you want to be. 你想做得多好就可以有多好。你想做得多好就可以有多好。After ReadingAfter ReadingUseful ExpressionsWriting assignment 1. 思考，考虑思考，考虑reflect on2. 总结，归纳，概括总结，归纳，概括sum up3. 塑造个性塑造个性shape personality4. 由由组成组成/构成构成be composed o